Contractual Rescission Based on Essential Condition Breach

A case involved a contractual dispute where one party sought rescission of a sale agreement, alleging the other failed to fulfill a specific obligation stipulated in the contract, which involved an undertaking related to the property's use. The court of appeal denied the rescission, concluding that the alleged failure did not constitute a breach grave enough to warrant nullification of the sale. On cassation, the high court overturned this decision, reasoning that the contractual stipulation constituted an essential condition of the agreement, and its non-performance by the obligated party inherently justified the other party's request for judicial termination of the contract, thus requiring the lower court to re-examine the claim based on this finding.