MT
PROMOTION OF ENERGY FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES REGULATIONS
Table of Provisions (61)
Statutory Text (61 Articles)
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SUBSIDIARY LEGISLATION 545.43
PROMOTION OF ENERGY FROM RENEWABLE
SOURCES REGULATIONS
17th April, 2026
LEGAL NOTICE 93 of 2026.
(1)
The title of these regulations is the Promotion of
Energy from Renewable Sources Regulations.
(2)
The scope of these regulations is to
(a)
transpose Articles 2 to 18 and 20 to 28 of
Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of
the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use
of energy from renewable sources (recast);
(b)
partially transpose Article 1(1), and transpose
Articles 1(2) to (18), Annex I (2) to (4) and Annex I (7) and (8)
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of Directive (EU) 2023/2413 of the European Parliament and of
the Council of 18 October 2023 amending Directive (EU) 2018/
2001, Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 and Directive 98/70/EC as
regards the promotion of energy from renewable sources, and
repealing Council Directive (EU) 2015/652;
(c)
transpose Article 1 of Directive (EU) 2024/1711
of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024
amending Directives (EU) 2018/2001 and (EU) 2019/944 as
regards improving the Union’s electricity market design; and
(d)
transpose Commission Delegated Directive (EU)
2024/1405 of 14 March 2024 amending Annex IX to Directive
(EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council
as regards adding feedstock for the production of biofuels and
biogas.
(regulation 6)
NORMALISATION RULE FOR ACCOUNTING FOR ELECTRICITY
GENERATED FROM HYDROPOWER AND WIND POWER
The following rule shall be applied for the purposes of accounting for electricity generated
from hydropower
𝑁
𝑄 𝑖
𝑄 𝑁(𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚) = 𝐶 𝑁 × [ ∑
] /15
𝐶 𝑖
𝑖=𝑁−14
= reference year;
Q N(norm) = normalised electricity generated by all hydropower plants in year N, for
accounting purposes;
= the quantity of electricity actually generated in year i by all hydropower plants
measured in GWh, excluding production from pumped storage units using water
that has previously been pumped uphill;
= the total installed capacity, net of pumped storage, of all hydropower plants at
the end of year i, measured in MW.
The following rule shall be applied for the purposes of accounting for electricity generated
from onshore wind power
∑ 𝑁
𝐶 𝑁 + 𝐶 𝑁−1
𝑖=𝑁−𝑛 𝑄 𝑖
𝑄 𝑁(𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚) =
×
𝐶 𝑗 + 𝐶 𝑗−1
∑ 𝑁
𝑗=𝑁−𝑛
= reference year;
= normalised electricity generated by all onshore wind power plants in year
N, for accounting purposes;
= the quantity of electricity actually generated in year i by all onshore wind
power plants measured in GWh;
= the total installed capacity of all the onshore wind power plants at the end
of year j, measured in MW;
= 4 or the number of years preceding year N for which capacity and
production data are available, whichever is lower.
The following rule shall be applied for the purposes of accounting for electricity generated
from offshore wind power
∑ 𝑁
𝐶 𝑁 + 𝐶 𝑁−1
𝑖=𝑁−𝑛 𝑄 𝑖
𝑄 𝑁(𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚) =
×
𝐶 𝑗 + 𝐶 𝑗−1
∑ 𝑁
𝑗=𝑁−𝑛
= reference year;
Q N(norm) = normalised electricity generated by all offshore wind power plants in year N, for
accounting purposes;
= the quantity of electricity actually generated in year i by all offshore wind power
plants measured in GWh;
= the total installed capacity of all the offshore wind power plants at the end of year
j, measured in MW;
= 4 or the number of years preceding year N for which capacity and production data
are available for, whichever is lower.
(1)
In these regulations, unless the context otherwise
requires
"Act" means the Regulator for Energy and Water
Services Act;
"advanced biofuels" means biofuels which are produced
from the feedstock listed in Part A of the Fourth Schedule;
"ambient energy" means naturally occurring thermal
energy and energy accumulated in the environment with
constrained boundaries, which can be stored in the ambient air,
excluding in exhaust air, or in surface or sewage water;
"bidding zone" means a bidding zone as defined in point
(65) of Article 2 of Regulation (EU) 2019/943 of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019 on the internal
market for electricity (recast);
"bi-directional
recharging"
means
bi-directional
recharging as defined in point (11) of Article 2 of Regulation
(EU) 2023/1804 of the European Parliament and of the Council
of 13 September 2023 on the deployment of alternative fuels
infrastructure, and repealing Directive 2014/94/EU;
"biofuels" means liquid fuel for transport produced from
biomass;
"biogas" means gaseous fuels produced from biomass;
"bioliquids" means liquid fuel for energy purposes other
than for transport, including electricity and heating and cooling,
produced from biomass;
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"biomass" means the biodegradable fraction of products,
waste and residues from biological origin from agriculture,
including vegetal and animal substances, from forestry and
related industries, including fisheries and aquaculture, as well
as the biodegradable fraction of waste, including industrial and
municipal waste of biological origin;
"biomass fuels" means gaseous and solid fuels produced
from biomass;
"Building and Construction Authority" means the
Authority established by article 5 of the Building and
Construction Authority Act;
"co-located energy storage" means an energy storage
facility combined with a facility producing renewable energy
and connected to the same grid access point;
"Directive" means Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018
on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources
(recast);
"Directive (EU) 2019/944" means Directive (EU) 2019/
944 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June
2019 on common rules for the internal market for electricity
and amending Directive 2012/27/EU (recast);
"distribution system operator" shall have the same
meaning as assigned to it in the Electricity Regulations with
respect to electricity and with respect to natural gas it shall have
the same meaning as assigned to it in the Natural Gas Market
Regulations for natural gas;
"district heating" or "district cooling" means the
distribution of thermal energy in the form of steam, hot water or
chilled liquids, from central or decentralised sources of
production through a network to multiple buildings or sites, for
the use of space or process heating or cooling;
"efficient district heating and cooling" shall have the
same meaning as assigned to it in the Energy Efficiency
Regulations;
"electricity markets" shall have the same meaning as
assigned to it in the Electricity Regulations;
"electric vehicle battery" means an electric vehicle
battery as defined in point (14) of Article 3(1) of Regulation
(EU) 2023/1542 of the European Parliament and of the Council
of 12 July 2023 concerning batteries and waste batteries,
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amending Directive 2008/98/EC and Regulation (EU) 2019/
1020 and repealing Directive 2006/66/EC;
"energy efficiency first principle" means energy
efficiency first as defined in point (18) of Article 2 of
Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of
the Council of 11 December 2018 on the Governance of the
Energy Union and Climate Action, amending Regulations (EC)
No 663/2009 and (EC) No 715/2009 of the European
Parliament and of the Council, Directives 94/22/EC, 98/70/EC,
2009/31/EC, 2009/73/EC, 2010/31/EU, 2012/27/EU and 2013/
30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, Council
Directives 2009/119/EC and (EU) 2015/652 and repealing
Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 of the European Parliament and
of the Council;
"energy from renewable sources" or "renewable energy"
means energy from renewable non-fossil sources, namely wind,
solar (solar thermal and solar photovoltaic) and geothermal
energy, osmotic energy, ambient energy, tide, wave and other
ocean energy, hydropower, biomass, landfill gas, sewage
treatment plant gas, and biogas;
"energy performance certificate (EPC)" shall have the
same meaning as assigned to it in the Energy Performance of
Buildings Regulations;
"European Commission" or "Commission" shall have the
same meaning as assigned to it in the Treaty;
"European Union (EU)" or "Union" shall have the same
meaning as assigned to it in the Treaty;
"financial instrument" means a financial instrument as
defined in point (3) of Article 2 of Regulation (EU, Euratom)
2024/2509 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23
September 2024 on the financial rules applicable to the general
budget of the Union (recast);
"food and feed crops" means starch-rich crops, sugar
crops or oil crops produced on agricultural land as a main crop
excluding residues, waste or ligno-cellulosic material and
intermediate crops, such as catch crops and cover crops,
provided that the use of such intermediate crops does not trigger
demand for additional land;
"fuel supplier" means an entity supplying fuel to the
market that is responsible for passing fuel through an excise
duty point or, in the case of electricity or where no excise is due
or where duly justified, any other relevant entity so designated;
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"geothermal energy" means energy stored in the form of
heat beneath the surface of solid earth;
"green certificate" means a tradeable commodity
representing the environmental attributes of a specific quantity
of energy produced from renewable energy sources issued upon
compliance with environmental quality and sustainability
criteria;
"gross final consumption of energy" means the energy
commodities delivered for energy purposes to industry,
transport, households, services including public services,
agriculture, forestry and fisheries, the consumption of
electricity and heat by the energy branch for electricity and
heat production, and losses of electricity and heat in
distribution and transmission;
"guarantee of origin" means an electronic document
issued by the Regulator which has the sole function of
providing evidence to a final customer that a given share or
quantity of electricity was produced from high-efficiency
cogeneration or that a given share or quantity of energy was
produced from renewable energy source;
"high-efficiency cogeneration" shall have the same
meaning as assigned to it in the Energy Efficiency Regulations;
"industrial grade roundwood" means saw logs, veneer
logs, round or split pulpwood, as well as all other roundwood
that is suitable for industrial purposes, excluding roundwood
the characteristics of which, such as species, dimensions,
rectitude and node density, make it unsuitable for industrial use
as may be defined and duly justified according to the relevant
forest and market conditions;
"industry" means undertakings and products that fall
under sections B, C, and F and under division (63) of section J
of the statistical classification of economic activities (NACE
REV.2), as set out in Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006
establishing the statistical classification of economic activities
NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) no
3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical
domains;
"innovative renewable energy technology" means
renewable energy generation technology that improves, in at
least one way, comparable state-of-the-art renewable energy
technology, or that renders exploitable renewable energy
technology that is not fully commercialised or that involves a
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clear degree of risk;
"jointly acting renewables self-consumers" means a
group of at least two (2) jointly acting renewables self-
consumers who are located in the same building or multi-
apartment block;
"ligno-cellulosic material" means material composed of
lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose, such as biomass sourced
from forests, woody energy crops and forest-based industries'
residues and wastes;
"low indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids
and biomass fuels" means biofuels, bioliquids and biomass
fuels, the feedstock of which was produced within schemes
which avoid displacement effects of food and feed-crop based
biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels through improved
agricultural practices as well as through the cultivation of crops
on areas which were previously not used for cultivation of
crops, and which were produced in accordance with the
sustainability criteria for biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels
laid down in regulation 3 of the Biofuels, Bioliquids and
Biomass Fuels (Sustainability Criteria) Regulations;
"market participant" means a market participant as
defined in point (25) of Article 2 of Regulation (EU) 2019/943
of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019
on the internal market for electricity;
"Member State" means a state which is a member of the
European Union;
"Member State of origin" or "country of origin" means a
state from which electricity produced from renewable energy
sources is transferred or exported to another Member State or a
third country;
"Member State of destination" or "country of
destination" means a Member State or country which receives
or to which electricity produced from renewable energy sources
is transferred or exported from the country of origin;
"Minister" means the Minister responsible for energy,
provided that for the purposes of those provisions in these
regulations which regulate planning matters, it shall mean the
Minister responsible for energy in consultation with the
Minister responsible for the Planning Authority;
"National Energy and Climate Plan" means the plan
referred to in article 7 of the Climate Action Act;
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"non-energy purpose" means the use of fuels as raw
materials in an industrial process, rather than to produce
energy;
"non-food cellulosic material" means feedstock mainly
composed of cellulose and hemicellulose, and having a lower
lignin content than ligno-cellulosic material, including food and
feed crop residues, such as straw, stover, husks and shells;
grassy energy crops with a low starch content, such as ryegrass,
switchgrass, miscanthus, giant cane; cover crops before and
after main crops; ley crops; industrial residues, including from
food and feed crops after vegetal oils, sugars, starches and
protein have been extracted; and material from biowaste, where
ley and cover crops are understood to be temporary, short-term
sown pastures comprising grass-legume mixture with a low
starch content to obtain fodder for livestock and improve soil
fertility for obtaining higher yields of arable main crops;
"normal power recharging point" means a normal power
recharging point as defined in point (37) of Article 2 of
Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 of the European Parliament and of
the Council of 13 September 2023 on the deployment of
alternative fuels infrastructure, and repealing Directive 2014/
94/EU;
"osmotic energy" means energy created from the
difference in salt concentration between two fluids, such as
fresh water and salt water;
"peer-to-peer trading of renewable energy" means the
sale of renewable energy between market participants by means
of a contract with pre-determined conditions governing the
automated execution and settlement of the transaction, either
directly between market participants or indirectly through a
certified third-party market participant, such as an aggregator
Provided that the right to conduct peer-to-peer
trading shall be without prejudice to the rights and obligations
of the parties involved as final customers, producers, suppliers
or aggregators;
"Planning Authority" means the Authority established by
the Development Planning Act;
"recharging point" means a recharging point as defined in
point (48) of Article 2 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 13 September 2023
on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure, and
repealing Directive 2014/94/EU;
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"recycled carbon fuels" means liquid and gaseous fuels
that are produced from liquid or solid waste streams of non-
renewable origin which are not suitable for material recovery in
accordance with regulation 4A of the Waste Regulations, or
from waste processing gas and exhaust gas of non-renewable
origin which are produced as an unavoidable and unintentional
consequence of the production process in industrial
installations;
"Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008" means Regulation (EC)
No 1099/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of
22 October 2008 on energy statistics;
"Regulation (EU) 2018/1999" means Regulation (EU)
2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11
December 2018 on the Governance of the Energy Union and
Climate Action, amending Regulations (EC) No 663/2009 and
(EC) No 715/2009 of the European Parliament and of the
Council, Directives 94/22/EC, 98/70/EC, 2009/31/EC, 2009/73/
EC, 2010/31/EU, 2012/27/EU and 2013/30/EU of the European
Parliament and of the Council, Council Directives 2009/119/EC
and (EU) 2015/652 and repealing Regulation (EU) No 525/2013
of the European Parliament and of the Council;
"Regulation (EU) 2019/943" means Regulation (EU)
2019/943 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5
June 2019 on the internal market for electricity (recast);
"Regulation (EU) 2023/1804" means Regulation (EU)
2023/1804 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13
September 2023 on the deployment of alternative fuels
infrastructure, and repealing Directive 2014/94/EU;
"Regulator" means the Regulator for Energy and Water
Services established by the Act;
"relevant authority" means any authority or license or
permit-issuing or administrative body responsible for the
issuing of authorisations, licenses or permits, or responsible for
the formulation and publication of general binding rules,
insofar as these authorisations, licences, permits or rules may
directly impact, or relate to any activity which may impact the
achievement of the objectives laid down by these regulations
Provided that for the purpose of Part V, the
responsible relevant permitting authorities shall include but not
be limited to
(a)
the Planning Authority established in
accordance with article 5 of the Development Planning
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Act, which shall be responsible to fulfil its obligations
under the said Act; and
(b)
the Regulator for Energy and Water
Services established in accordance with article 3 of the
Regulator for Energy and Water Services Act, which
shall be responsible to fulfil its obligations under the said
Act;
"renewable energy community" means a legal entity
(a)
which, in accordance with the applicable
law, is based on an open and voluntary participation, is
autonomous, and is effectively controlled by
shareholders or members that are located in the
proximity of the renewable energy projects that are
owned and developed by the said legal entity;
(b)
the shareholders or members of which are
natural persons, SME’s or local authorities, including
municipalities; and
(c)
the primary purpose of which is to provide
environmental, economic or social community benefits
for its shareholders or members or for the local areas
where it operates, rather than financial profits;
"renewable energy obligation" means a national support
scheme requiring energy producers to include a given share of
energy from renewable sources in their production, requiring
energy suppliers to include a given share of energy from
renewable sources in their supply, or requiring energy
consumers to include a given share of energy from renewable
sources in their consumption, including schemes under which
such requirements may be fulfilled by using green certificates;
"renewable energy purchase agreement" means a
contract under which a natural or legal person agrees to
purchase renewable energy directly from a producer, which
encompasses, but is not limited to, renewables power purchase
agreements and renewables heating and cooling purchase
agreements;
"renewable fuels" means biofuels, bioliquids, biomass
fuels and renewable fuels of non-biological origin;
"renewable fuels of non-biological origin" means liquid
and gaseous fuels the energy content of which is derived from
renewable sources other than biomass;
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"renewables acceleration area" means a specific location
or area, whether on land, sea or inland waters, which is
designated as particularly suitable for the installation of
renewable energy plants;
"renewables power purchase agreement" means a
contract under which a natural or legal person agrees to
purchase renewable electricity directly from an electricity
producer;
"renewables self-consumer" means a final customer
operating within its premises located within confined
boundaries who generates renewable electricity for its own
consumption, and who may store or sell self-generated
renewable electricity, provided that, for a non-household
renewables self-consumer, such activities do not constitute its
primary commercial or professional activity;
"repowering" means renewing power plants that produce
renewable energy, including the full or partial replacement of
installations or operation systems and equipment for the
purposes of replacing capacity or increasing the efficiency or
capacity of the installation;
"residue" means a substance that is not the end product
that a production process directly seeks to produce; it is not a
primary aim of the production process and the process has not
been deliberately modified to produce it;
"scheduled buildings" shall have the same meaning as
assigned to it in the Development Planning Act;
"SME" means a micro, small or medium-sized enterprise
as defined in Article 2 of the Annex to Commission
Recommendation 2003/361/EC;
"smart metering system" shall have the same meaning as
assigned to it in the Electricity Regulations;
"smart recharging" means a recharging operation in
which the intensity of electricity delivered to the battery is
adjusted dynamically, on the basis of information received
through electronic communication;
"solar-electric vehicle" means a motor vehicle equipped
with a powertrain containing only non-peripheral electric
machines as energy converter, with an electric rechargeable
energy storage system which can be recharged externally, and
with vehicle-integrated photovoltaic panels;
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"solar energy equipment" means equipment that converts
energy from the sun into thermal or electrical energy, in
particular solar thermal and solar photovoltaic equipment;
"starch-rich crops" means crops comprising mainly
cereals, regardless of whether the grains alone or the whole
plant, such as in the case of green maize, are used; tubers and
root crops, such as potatoes, Jerusalem artichokes, sweet
potatoes, cassava and yams; and corm crops, such as taro and
cocoyam;
"Strategic Plan for Environment and Development"
means the plan referred to in article 51 of the Environment and
Development Planning Act;
"support scheme" means any instrument, scheme or
mechanism applied by the Minister or by a group of
Member States which includes Malta, that promotes the use of
energy from renewable sources by reducing the cost of such
energy, increasing the price at which it can be sold, or
increasing, by means of a renewable energy obligation or
otherwise, the volume of such energy purchased, including but
not restricted to, investment aid, tax exemptions or reductions,
tax refunds, renewable energy obligation support schemes
including those using green certificates, and direct price support
schemes including feed-in tariffs and sliding or fixed premium
payments;
"system efficiency" means the selection of energy-
efficient solutions where they also enable a cost-effective
decarbonisation pathway, additional flexibility and the efficient
use of resources;
"third country" means a country which is not a member
of the European Union and which receives or to which
electricity produced from renewable energy sources is
transferred or exported from the country of origin;
"Treaty" shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in
the European Union Act;
"TFEU" means the Treaty on the Functioning of the
European Union;
"Union database" means the database established by the
Commission to enable the tracing of liquid and gaseous
renewable fuels and recycled carbon fuels;
"waste" means any substance or object which the holder
discards or intends or is required to discard, excluding those
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substances that have been intentionally
modified
or
contaminated in order to meet this definition;
"waste heat and cold" means unavoidable heat or cold
generated as a by-product of industrial or power generation
installations, or in the tertiary sector, which would be dissipated
unused in air or water without access to a district heating or
cooling system, where a cogeneration process has been used or
will be used or where cogeneration is not feasible.
(2)
Unless the context otherwise requires, words and phrases
used in these regulations which are not defined in these regulations
shall have the same meaning as assigned to them in the Act.
PART II
Targets and Calculation of the Share of Energy from Renewable
Sources in Specific Sectors
(regulation 7)
ACCOUNTING OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
USED FOR HEATING AND COOLING
PART A: ACCOUNTING OF RENEWABLE ENERGY FROM HEAT PUMPS USED
FOR HEATING
The amount of aerothermal, geothermal or hydrothermal energy captured by heat pumps to be
considered to be energy from renewable sources for the purposes of this Directive, E RES , shall
be calculated in accordance with the following formula
E = Q usable * (1 – 1/SPF)
RES
Where
— Q usable
= the estimated total usable heat delivered by heat pumps fulfilling the
criteria referred to in regulation 7, implemented as follows: Only heat
pumps for which SPF > 1.15 * 1/η shall be taken into account,
—
SPF
= the estimated average seasonal performance factor for those heat pumps,
—
Η
= the ratio between total gross production of electricity and the primary
energy consumption for the production of electricity and shall be
calculated as an EU average based on Eurostat data.
PART B: ACCOUNTING OF RENEWABLE ENERGY USED FOR COOLING
Section 1
DEFINITIONS
When calculating renewable energy used for cooling the following definitions shall apply
(1) “cooling” means the extraction of heat from an enclosed or indoor space (comfort
application) or from a process in order to reduce the space or process temperature to, or
maintain it at, a specified temperature (set point); for cooling systems, the extracted heat is
rejected into and absorbed by the ambient air, ambient water or the ground, where the
environment (air, ground, and water) provides a sink for the heat extracted and thus functions
as a cold source;
(2) “cooling system” means an assembly of components consisting of a heat extraction system,
one or several cooling devices and a heat rejection system, complemented in the case of active
cooling with a cooling medium in the form of fluid that work together to generate a specified
heat transfer and, thus, ensures a required temperature;
(a) for space cooling, the cooling system can be either a free cooling system or a cooling system
embedding a cooling generator, and for which cooling is one of the primary functions;
(b) for process cooling, the cooling system is embedding a cooling generator, and for which
cooling is one of the primary functions;
(3) “free cooling” means a cooling system using a natural cold source to extract heat from the
space or process to be cooled via fluid(s) transportation with pump(s) and/or fan(s) and which
does not require the use of a cooling generator;
(4) “cooling generator” means the part of a cooling system that generates a temperature
difference allowing heat extraction from the space or process to be cooled, using a vapour
compression cycle, a sorption cycle or driven by another thermodynamic cycle, used when the
cold source is unavailable or insufficient;
(5) “active cooling” means the removal of heat from a space or process, for which an energy
input is needed to meet the cooling demand, used when the natural flow of energy is unavailable
or insufficient and can occur with or without a cooling generator;
(6) “passive cooling” means the removal of heat by the natural flow of energy through
conduction, convection, radiation or mass transfer without the need for moving a cooling fluid
to extract and reject heat or to generate a lower temperature with a cooling generator, including
decreasing the need for cooling by building design features such as building insulation, green
roof, vegetal wall, shading or increased building mass, by ventilation or by using comfort fans;
(7) “ventilation” means the natural or forced movement of air to introduce ambient air inside a
space with the aim to ensure appropriate indoor air quality, including temperature;
(8) “comfort fan” means a product that includes a fan and electric motor assembly to move air
and provide summer comfort by increasing the air speed around human body giving a thermal
feeling of coolness;
(9) “renewable energy quantity for cooling” means the cooling supply that has been generated
with a specified energy efficiency expressed as a Seasonal Performance Factor calculated in
primary energy;
(10) “heat sink” or “cold source” means an external natural sink into which the heat extracted
from the space or process is transferred; it can be ambient air, ambient water in the form of
natural or artificial water bodies and geothermal formations beneath the surface of solid earth;
(11) “heat extraction system” means a device that removes heat from the space or process to
be cooled, such as an evaporator in a vapour compression cycle;
(12) “cooling device” means a device designed to perform active cooling;
(13) “heat rejection system” means the device where the final heat transfer from the cooling
medium to the heat sink occurs, such as the air-to-refrigerant condenser in an air-cooled vapour
compression cycle;
(14) “energy input” means the energy needed to transport the fluid (free cooling), or the energy
needed to transport the fluid and to drive the cooling generator (active cooling with a cooling
generator);
(15) “district cooling” means the distribution of thermal energy in the form of chilled liquids,
from central or decentralised sources of production through a network to multiple buildings or
sites, for the use of space or process cooling;
(16) “primary seasonal performance factor” means a metric of the primary energy conversion
efficiency of the cooling system;
(17) “equivalent full load hours” means the number of hours a cooling system runs with full
load to produce the amount of cooling that it actually produces during a year but at varying
loads;
(18) “Cooling Degree Days” means the climate values computed with a base of eighteen
degrees Celsius (18 °C) used as input to determine equivalent full load hours.
Section 2
SCOPE
1. When calculating the amount of renewable energy used for cooling, active cooling, including
district cooling, regardless of whether it is free cooling or a cooling generator is used shall be
counted.
2. The following shall not be counted
(a) passive cooling, although where ventilation air is used as a heat transport medium for
cooling, the corresponding cooling supply, which can be supplied either by a cooling generator
or by free cooling is part of renewable cooling calculation.
(b) the following technologies or processes of cooling
(i) cooling in means of transportation (Note 1);
(ii) cooling systems whose primary function is to produce or store perishable materials at
specified temperatures (refrigeration and freezing);
(iii) cooling systems with space or process cooling temperature set points lower than two
degrees Celsius (2 °C);
(iv) cooling systems with space or process cooling temperature set points above thirty degrees
Celsius (30 °C);
(v) cooling of waste heat resulting from energy generation, industrial processes and the tertiary
sector (waste heat) (Note 2).
(c) energy used for cooling in power generation plants; cement, iron and steel manufacturing;
wastewater treatment plants; information technology facilities (such as data centres); power
transmission and distribution facilities; and transportation infrastructures.
More categories of cooling systems may be excluded from the calculation of the renewable
energy used for cooling in order to preserve natural cold sources in specific geographic areas
for environmental protection reasons. Examples are the protection of rivers or lakes from the
risk of overheating.
Section 3
METHODOLOGY FOR ACCOUNTING OF RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR
INDIVIDUAL AND DISTRICT COOLING
Only cooling systems operating above the minimum efficiency requirement expressed as
primary Seasonal Performance Factor (SPF p ) in Section 3.2, second paragraph shall be
considered to produce renewable energy.
3.1. Renewable energy quantity for cooling
The renewable energy quantity for cooling ( E RES-C ) shall be calculated with the following
formula
where
is the amount of heat released to the ambient air, ambient water or to the ground by
the cooling system (Note 3);
E INPUT is the energy consumption of the cooling system, including energy consumption of the
auxiliary systems for measured systems, such as district cooling;
is the cooling energy supplied by the cooling system (Note 4);
is defined at cooling system level as the share of the cooling supply that can be
considered as renewable according to the SPF requirements, expressed as a percentage. The
SPF is established without accounting for distribution losses. For district cooling, this means
that the SPF is established per cooling generator, or at free cooling system level. For cooling
systems where standard SPF can apply, the F(1) and F(2) coefficients according to Commission
Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 (Note 5) and the linked Commission Communication (Note 6) are
not used as correction factors.
For 100 % renewable heat driven cooling (absorption and adsorption) the cooling delivered
should be considered fully renewable.
The calculation steps needed for
and
are explained in Sections 3.2 to 3.4.
3.2. Calculation of the share of Seasonal Performance Factor that qualifies as
renewable energy –
S SPF is the share of cooling supply that can be counted as renewable. The
increases with
increasing SPF p values. The SPF p (Note 7) is defined as described in Commission Regulation
(EU) 2016/2281 and Commission Regulation (EU) No 206/2012 (Note 8), except that the
default primary energy factor for electricity has been updated to 2.1 in Directive 2012/27/EU
(as amended by Directive (EU) 2018/2002 (Note 9)) of the European Parliament and of the
Council. Boundary conditions from the EN14511 standard shall be used.
The minimum efficiency requirement of the cooling system expressed in primary seasonal
performance factor shall be at least 1.4 (SPFp LOW ). For
to be 100 % the minimum
efficiency requirement of the cooling system shall be at least 6 (SPFp HIGH ). For all the other
cooling systems the following calculation shall be applied
SPFp is the efficiency of the cooling system expressed as primary seasonal performance factor;
is the minimum seasonal performance factor expressed in primary energy and
based upon the efficiency of standard cooling systems (minimum eco-design requirements);
is the upper threshold for seasonal performance factor expressed in primary
energy and based on best practices for free cooling used in district cooling (Note 10).
3.3. Calculation of renewable energy quantity for cooling using standard and
measured SPF p
Standard and measured SPF
Standardised SPF values are available for electric vapour compression cooling generators and
combustion engine vapour compression cooling generator due to the Ecodesign requirements
in Regulation (EU) No 206/2012 and (EU) No 2016/2281. Values are available for these
cooling generators up to 2 MW for comfort cooling and up to 1.5 MW for process cooling. For
other technologies and capacity scales standard values are not available. As regards district
cooling, standard values are not available but measurements are used and available; these allow
to compute SPF values at least on a yearly basis.
To calculate the quantity of renewable cooling, standard SPF values may be used where
available. Where standard values are not available or measurement is standard practice,
measured SPF values shall be used, separated by cooling capacity thresholds. For cooling
generators with a cooling capacity below 1.5 MW, standard SPF can be used, while measured
SPF shall be used for district cooling, for cooling generators with cooling capacities higher
than or equal to 1.5 MW and cooling generators for which standard values are not available.
In addition, for all cooling systems without standard SPF, which includes all free cooling
solutions and heat activated cooling generators, a measured SPF shall be established in order
to take advantage of the calculation methodology for renewable cooling.
Definition of standard SPF values
SPF values are expressed in terms of primary energy efficiency calculated using primary
energy factors following Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 to determine the space cooling efficiency
for the different types of cooling generators (Note 11). The primary energy factor in Regulation
(EU) 2016/2281 shall be calculated as 1/η, where η is the average ratio of total gross production
of electricity to the primary energy consumption for electricity production in the whole EU.
With the amendment of the default primary energy factor for electricity, called coefficient in
point (1) of the Annex to Directive (EU) 2018/2002 amending footnote (3) in Annex IV of
Directive 2012/27/EU, the primary energy factor of 2.5 in Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 shall be
replaced by 2.1 when calculating the SPF values.
When primary energy carriers, such as heat or gas are used as energy input to drive the cooling
generator, the default primary energy factor (1/η) is 1, reflecting the lack of energy
transformation η = 1.
The standard operating conditions and the other parameters necessary for the determination of
the SPF are defined in Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 and Regulation (EU) No 206/2012,
depending on the cooling generator category. Boundary conditions are the ones defined in the
EN14511 standard.
For reversible cooling generators (reversible heat pumps), which are excluded from the scope
of Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 because their heating function is covered by Commission
Regulation (EU) No 813/2013 (Note 12) with regard to Ecodesign requirements for space
heaters and combination heaters, the same SPF calculation that is defined for similar non
reversible cooling generators in Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 shall be used.
For instance, for electric vapour compression cooling generators, the SPF p shall be defined as
follows (the index p is used to clarify that the SPF is defined in terms of primary energy)
For space cooling
For process cooling
Where
-
SEER and SEPR are seasonal performance factors (Note 13) (SEER stands for
‘Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio’, SEPR stands for ‘Seasonal Energy Performance
Ratio’) in final energy defined according to Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 and Regulation
(EU) No 206/2012;
-
η is the average ratio of total gross production of electricity to the primary energy
consumption for electricity production in the EU (η = 0.475 and 1/η = 2.1).
-
F(1) and F(2) are correction factors according to Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 and the
linked Commission Communication. These coefficients do not apply to process cooling
in Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 as the SEPR final energy metrics is directly used. In
absence of adapted values, the same values used for SEER conversion shall be used for
the SEPR conversion.
SPF boundary conditions
For defining the SPF of the cooling generator, the SPF boundary conditions defined in
Regulation (EU) No 2281/2016 and in Regulation (EU) No 206/2012 shall be used. In the case
of water-to-air and water-to-water cooling generators, the energy input required to make the
cold source available is included via the F(2) correction factor. The SPF boundary conditions
are shown in Figure 1. These boundary conditions shall apply for all cooling systems, either
free cooling systems or systems containing cooling generators.
These boundary conditions are similar to the ones for heat pumps (used in heating mode) in
Commission Decision 2013/114/EU (Note 14). The difference is that for heat pumps, the
electricity consumption corresponding to auxiliary power consumption (thermostat-off mode,
standby mode, off mode, crankcase heater) is not taken into account to evaluate the SPF.
However, as in the case of cooling both standard SPF values and measured SPF will be used,
and given the fact that in the measured SPF auxiliary consumption is taken into account, it is
necessary to include auxiliary power consumption in both situations.
For district cooling, distribution cold losses and distribution pump electric consumption
between the cooling plant and the customer substation shall not be included in the estimation
of the SPF.
In the case of air based cooling systems ensuring also the ventilation function, the cooling
supply due to ventilation air flow shall not be accounted. The fan power needed for the
ventilation shall also be discounted in proportion of the ratio of the ventilation air flow to the
cooling air flow.
Figure 1 Illustration of SPF boundary conditions for cooling generator using standard SPF
and district cooling (and other large cooling systems using measured SPF), where
EINPUT_AUX is the energy input to fan and/or pump and EINPUT_CG the energy input to
the cooling generator
In the case of air based cooling systems with internal cold recovery, the cooling supply due to
the cold recovery shall not be accounted. The fan power needed for the cold recovery performed
by the heat exchanger shall be discounted in proportion of the ratio of the pressure losses due
to the cold recovery heat exchanger to the total pressure losses of the air based cooling system.
3.4. Calculation using standard values
A simplified method may be used for individual cooling systems of less than 1.5 MW capacity,
for which a standard SPF value is available, to estimate the total cooling energy supplied.
Under the simplified method, the cooling energy supplied by the cooling system ( Q Csupply ) is
the nominal cooling capacity (Pc) multiplied by the number of equivalent full load
hours (EFLH). A single Cooling Degree Days (CDD) value may be used for a whole country,
or distinct values for different climate zones provided that nominal capacities and SPFs are
available for these climate zones.
The following default methods may be used to compute EFLH
-
for space cooling in the residential sector: EFLH = 96 + 0.85 * CDD
-
for space cooling in the tertiary sector: EFLH = 475 + 0.49 * CDD
for process cooling: EFLH = τ s * (7300 + 0.32 * CDD)
-
Where
τ s is an activity factor to account for the operation time of the specific processes (e.g. all year
long τ s = 1, not on weekends τ s = 5/7). There is no default value.
3.4.1. Calculation using measured values
Systems for which no standard values exist, as well as cooling systems larger than 1.5 MW
capacity and district cooling systems, shall calculate their renewable cooling based on the
following measurements
Measured energy input: The measured energy input includes all energy sources for the cooling
system, including any cooling generator, i.e. electricity, gas, heat etc. It includes also auxiliary
pumps and fans used in the cooling system but not for the distribution of cooling to a building
or a process. In case of air-based cooling with ventilation function, only the additional energy
input due to cooling shall be included in the energy input of the cooling system.
Measured cooling energy supply: The cooling energy supply shall be measured as the output
from the cooling system and subtracted any cold losses in order to estimate the net cooling
energy supply to the building or process that is the end-user of the cooling. The cold losses
include losses in a district cooling system and in the cooling distribution system in a building
or an industrial site. In case of air-based cooling with ventilation function, the cooling energy
supply shall be net of the effect of fresh air introduction for ventilation purposes.
The measurements need to be carried out for the specific year to be reported i.e. all energy
input and all cooling energy supply for the whole year.
3.4.2. District cooling: additional requirements
For district cooling systems the net cooling supply at customer level shall be accounted when
defining the net cooling supply, denoted as Q C_Supply_net Thermal losses occurring in the
distribution network ( Q c_LOSS ) shall be deducted from the gross cooling supply ( Q c_Supply_gross ) as
follows
Q C_Supply_net = Q c_Supply_gross- - Q c_LOSS
3.4.2.1. D i v i s i o n i n s u b s y s t e m s
District cooling systems can be divided in subsystems, which comprise at least one cooling
generator or free cooling system. This requires the measurement of the cooling energy supply
and of the energy input for each sub-system as well as the allocation of cold losses per sub-
system as follows
3.4.2.2. A u x i l i a r i e s
When dividing a cooling system into subsystems, the auxiliaries (e.g. controls, pumps and fans)
of the cooling generator(s) and/or free cooling system(s) shall be included in the same
subsystem(s). Auxiliary energy corresponding to cooling distribution inside the building, e.g.
secondary pumps and terminal units (e.g. fan coils, fans of air handling units) are not accounted
for.
For auxiliaries which cannot be allocated to a specific subsystem, for instance district cooling
network pumps which deliver the cooling energy supplied by all cooling generators, their
primary energy consumption shall be allocated to each cooling subsystem in the proportion of
the cooling energy supplied by the cooling generators and/or the free cooling systems of each
subsystem, in the same way as with cold losses in the network, as follows
where
E INPUT_AUX1_i is the auxiliary energy consumption of subsystem ‘I’;
E INPUT_AUX12 is the auxiliary energy consumption of the entire cooling system, which cannot be
allocated to a specific cooling subsystem.
3.5. Calculation of renewable energy quantity for cooling for the overall renewable
shares and for the heating and cooling renewable energy shares
For the calculation of the overall renewable energy shares, the renewable energy quantity for
cooling shall be added both to the numerator ‘gross final consumption of energy from
renewable sources’ and to the denominator ‘gross final consumption of energy’.
For the calculation of the heating and cooling renewable energy shares the renewable energy
quantity for cooling shall be added both to the numerator ‘gross final consumption of energy
from renewable sources for heating and cooling’ and to the denominator ‘gross final
consumption of energy for heating and cooling’.
3.6. Guidance on the development of more accurate methodologies and calculations
It is envisaged and encouraged that Member States do their own estimations for both SPF and
EFLH. Any such national/regional approaches should be based on accurate assumptions,
representative samples of sufficient size, resulting in a significantly improved estimate of
renewable energy compared to that obtained using the methodology set out in this Schedule.
Such improved methodologies may be based on detailed calculation based on technical data
taking into account, among other factors, year of installation, quality of installation, compressor
type and machine size, operation mode, distribution system, cascading of generators and the
regional climate. If alternative methodologies and/or values are used, these shall be submitted
to the Commission together with a report describing the method and data used. The
Commission will, if necessary, translate the documents and publish them on its transparency
platform.
Notes to this Schedule
(Note 1) The renewable cooling definition concerns only stationary cooling.
(Note 2) “Waste heat” is defined in regulation 2 and can be accounted for the purposes of regulations 12 and 13.
(Note 3) The quantity of cold source corresponds to the quantity of heat absorbed by ambient air, ambient water
and the ground acting as heat sinks. Ambient air and ambient water correspond to “ambient energy”, and the
ground corresponds to “geothermal energy” as defined in regulation 2.
(Note 4) From a thermodynamical point of view, cooling supply corresponds to a portion of the heat released by
a cooling system to ambient air, ambient water or to the ground, which function as a heat sink or cold source.
Ambient air and ambient water correspond to “ambient energy” and the heat sink or cold source function of the
ground corresponds to “geothermal energy” as defined regulation 2.
(Note 5) Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 of 30 November 2016 implementing Directive 2009/125/EC
of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign
requirements for energy-related products, with regard to ecodesign requirements for air heating products,
cooling products, high temperature process chillers and fan coil units (OJ L 346, 20.12.2016, p. 1).
(Note 6) https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-
content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.C_.2017.229.01.0001.01.ENG&toc=OJ:C:2017:229:TOC
(Note 7) In case the real operating conditions of cooling generators lead to SPF values substantially lower than
planned in standard conditions because of different installation provisions, these systems may be excluded from
the scope of the renewable cooling definition (e.g. a water cooled cooling generator using a dry cooler instead of
a cooling tower to release heat to ambient air).
(Note 8) Commission Regulation (EU) No 206/2012 of 6 March 2012 implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of
the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to ecodesign requirements for air conditioners and
comfort fans (OJ L 72, 10.3.2012, p. 7).
(Note 9) Directive (EU) 2018/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018
amending Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 210).
(Note 10) ENER/C1/2018-493, Renewable cooling under the revised Renewable Energy Directive, TU-Wien,
2021. (Note 11) SPF p is identical to η s,c defined in Regulation (EU) No 2016/2281.
(Note 12) Commission Regulation (EU) No 813/2013 of 2 August 2013 implementing Directive 2009/125/EC
of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to ecodesign requirements for space heaters and
combination heaters (OJ L 239, 6.9.2013, p. 136).
(Note 13) Part 1 of the study ENER/C1/2018-493 on ‘Cooling Technologies Overview and Market Share’
provides more detailed definitions and equations for these metrics in chapter 1.5 ‘Energy efficiency metrics of
state-of-the-art cooling systems’.
(Note 14) Commission Decision of 1 March 2013 establishing the guidelines for Member States on calculating
renewable energy from heat pumps from different heat pump technologies pursuant to Article 5 of Directive
2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 62, 6.3.2013, p. 27).
(1)
Malta’s contribution towards the realisation of the
Union’s target of forty-two point five percent (42.5%) for the share of
energy from renewable sources in the Union’s gross final consumption
of energy in 2030 shall be established in accordance with Articles 3 to
5 and 9 to 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 and published in the
Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan.
(2)
The indicative target for the percentage of newly
installed renewable capacity by 2030 which shall be made up of
innovative renewable energy technology shall be five percent (5%).
(3)
The Minister shall take the necessary measures to ensure
that from the 1st January 2021, the share of energy from renewable
sources in the gross final consumption of energy shall not be lower
than the baseline share of ten per cent (10%).
(regulations 8, 10 and 16)
ENERGY CONTENT OF FUELS
Fuel
Energy content by
Energy content by
weight
volume
(lower calorific
(lower calorific
value, MJ/kg)
value, MJ/l)
FUELS FROM BIOMASS AND/OR BIOMASS PROCESSING OPERATIONS
Bio-Propane
Pure vegetable oil (oil produced from oil
plants through pressing, extraction or
comparable procedures, crude or refined
but chemically unmodified)
Biodiesel – fatty acid methyl ester
(methyl-ester produced from oil of
biomass origin)
Biodiesel – fatty acid ethyl ester (ethyl-
ester produced from oil of biomass
origin)
Biogas that can be purified to natural gas
—
quality
Hydrotreated (thermochemically treated
with hydrogen) oil of biomass origin, to
be used for replacement of diesel
Hydrotreated (thermochemically treated
with hydrogen) oil of biomass origin, to
be used for replacement of petrol
Hydrotreated (thermochemically treated
with hydrogen) oil of biomass origin, to
be used for replacement of jet fuel
Hydrotreated oil (thermochemically
treated with hydrogen) of biomass origin,
to be used for replacement of liquefied
petroleum gas
Co-processed oil (processed in a refinery
simultaneously with fossil fuel) of
biomass or pyrolysed biomass origin to
be used for replacement of diesel
Co-processed oil (processed in a refinery
simultaneously with fossil fuel) of
biomass or pyrolysed biomass origin, to
be used to replace petrol
Co-processed oil (processed in a refinery
simultaneously with fossil fuel) of
biomass or pyrolysed biomass origin, to
be used to replace jet fuel
Co-processed oil (processed in a refinery
simultaneously with fossil fuel) of
biomass or pyrolysed biomass origin, to
be used to replace liquefied petroleum
gas
RENEWABLE FUELS THAT CAN BE PRODUCED FROM VARIOUS RENEWABLE
SOURCES, INCLUDING BIOMASS
Methanol from renewable sources
Ethanol from renewable sources
Propanol from renewable sources
Butanol from renewable sources
Fischer-Tropsch diesel (a synthetic
hydrocarbon or mixture of synthetic
hydrocarbons to be used for replacement
of diesel)
Fischer-Tropsch petrol (a synthetic
hydrocarbon or mixture of synthetic
hydrocarbons produced from biomass, to
be used for replacement of petrol)
Fischer-Tropsch jet fuel (a synthetic
hydrocarbon or mixture of synthetic
hydrocarbons produced from biomass, to
be used for replacement of jet fuel)
Fischer-Tropsch liquefied petroleum gas
(a synthetic hydrocarbon or mixture of
synthetic hydrocarbons, to be used for
replacement of liquefied petroleum gas
DME (dimethylether)
Hydrogen from renewable sources
—
ETBE (ethyl-tertio-butyl-ether produced
36 (of which 33 %
27 (of which 33 %
on the basis of ethanol)
from renewable
from renewable
sources)
sources)
MTBE
(methyl-tertio-butyl-ether
35 (of which 22 %
26 (of which 22 %
produced on the basis of methanol)
from renewable
from renewable
sources)
sources)
TAEE
(tertiary-amyl-ethyl-ether
38 (of which 29 %
29 (of which 29 %
produced on the basis of ethanol)
from renewable
from renewable
sources)
sources)
TAME
(tertiary-amyl-methyl-ether
36 (of which 18 %
28 (of which 18 %
produced on the basis of methanol)
from renewable
from renewable
sources)
sources)
THxEE
(tertiary-hexyl-ethyl-ether
38 (of which 25 %
30 (of which 25 %
produced on the basis of ethanol)
from renewable
from renewable
sources)
sources)
THxME
(tertiary-hexyl-methyl-ether
38 of which 14 %
30 (of which 14 %
produced on the basis of methanol)
from renewable
from renewable
sources)
sources)
NON-RENEWABLE FUELS
Petrol
Diesel
Jet fuel
Hydrogen from non-renewable sources
—
(1)
The share of energy from renewable sources shall
be calculated as the gross final consumption of energy from renewable
sources divided by the gross final consumption of energy from all
energy sources, expressed as a percentage.
(2)
For the purposes of sub-regulation (1), the sum referred
to in regulation 5(1) shall be adjusted to take into account, whenever
applicable, the effects on allocation of energy from renewable sources
arising out of arrangements entered into for the purpose of
(a)
statistical transfers of energy from renewable
sources;
(b)
joint projects with other Member States and, or
third countries; and
(c)
joint support schemes with other Member States.
SOURCES
(3)
In calculating the gross final consumption of energy for
the purposes of measuring its compliance with the targets and
indicative trajectory established in these regulations, the amount of
energy consumed in aviation shall, as a proportion of the gross final
consumption of energy, be considered to be not more than four point
one two percent (4.12%).
(4)
The methodology and definitions used in the calculation
of the share of energy from renewable sources shall be those provided
for in Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008.
(regulations 14 and 16)
LIST OF FEEDSTOCKS
Part A.
Feedstocks for the production of biogas for transport and advanced biofuels
Algae if cultivated on land in ponds or photobioreactors;
(a)
(b) Biomass fraction of mixed municipal waste, but not separated household waste subject to
recycling targets under paragraph (a) of item 12 of Schedule 5 of the Waste Regulations;
Biowaste as defined in regulation (4) of the Waste Regulations from private households
(c)
subject to separate collection as defined in regulation 4 of the aforesaid regulations;
(d) Biomass fraction of industrial waste not fit for use in the food or feed chain, including
material from retail and wholesale and the agro-food and fish and aquaculture industry, and
excluding feedstocks listed in Part B of this Schedule;
Straw;
(e)
Animal manure and sewage sludge;
(f)
(g) Palm oil mill effluent and empty palm fruit bunches;
(h) Tall oil pitch;
Crude glycerine;
(i)
Bagasse;
(j)
(k) Grape marcs and wine lees;
Nut shells;
(l)
(m) Husks;
(n) Cobs cleaned of kernels of corn;
(o) Biomass fraction of wastes and residues from forestry and forest-based industries, namely,
bark, branches, pre-commercial thinning, leaves, needles, tree tops, saw dust, cutter
shavings, black liquor, brown liquor, fibre sludge, lignin and tall oil;
(p) Other non-food cellulosic material;
(q) Other ligno-cellulosic material except saw logs and veneer logs;
Fusel oils from alcoholic distillation;
(r)
Raw methanol from kraft pulping stemming from the production of wood pulp;
(s)
Intermediate crops, such as catch crops and cover crops that are grown in areas where due
(t)
to a short vegetation period the production of food and feed crops is limited to one harvest
and provided their use does not trigger demand for additional land, and provided the soil
organic matter content is maintained, where used for the production of biofuel for the
aviation sector;
(u) Crops grown on severely degraded land, except food and feed crops, where used for the
production of biofuel for the aviation sector;
(v) Cyanobacteria.
Part B.
Feedstocks for the production of biofuels and biogas for transport, the contribution of
which towards the targets referred to in regulation 14(2)(a), shall be limited
(a) Used cooking oil;
(b) Animal fats classified as categories 1 and 2 in accordance with Regulation (EC) No
1069/2009;
(c) Damaged crops that are not fit for use in the food or feed chain, excluding substances that
have been intentionally modified or contaminated in order to meet this definition;
(d) Municipal wastewater and derivatives other than sewage sludge;
(e) Crops grown on severely degraded land excluding food and feed crops and feedstocks listed
in Part A of this Schedule, where not used for the production of biofuel for the aviation
sector;
(f) Intermediate crops, such as catch crops and cover crops, and excluding feedstocks listed in
Part A of this Schedule, that are grown in areas where due to a short vegetation period the
production of food and feed crops is limited to one harvest and provided their use does not
trigger demand for additional land and provided the soil organic matter content is
maintained, where not used for the production of biofuel for the aviation sector.
(1)
The gross final consumption of energy from
renewable sources shall be calculated as the sum of
(a)
gross final consumption of electricity from
renewable sources;
(b)
gross final consumption of energy from renewable
sources in the heating and cooling sector; and
(c)
final consumption of energy from renewable
sources in the transport sector.
(2)
With regard to paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of sub-
regulation (1), gas and electricity from renewable sources shall be
considered only once for the purposes of calculating the share of gross
final consumption of energy from renewable sources.
(3)
Energy produced from renewable fuels of non-biological
origin shall be counted in the sector, being electricity, heating and
cooling, or transport, where it is consumed.
(4)
Without prejudice to sub-regulation (3), the Minister may
reach specific cooperation agreements to count all or part of the
renewable fuels of non-biological origin consumed in Malta towards
the share of gross final consumption of energy from renewable sources
in the Member State where those fuels are produced, or conversely,
where renewable fuels of non-biological origin are produced in Malta
to count all or part of such fuels consumed in another Member State
towards the share of gross final consumption of energy from
renewable sources in Malta.
(5)
In order to monitor whether the same renewable fuels of
non-biological origin are counted in both the Member State where they
are produced and in the Member State where they are consumed and in
order to record the amount counted, the Minister shall notify the
Commission of any cooperation agreement as described in sub-
regulation (4) which is entered into by Malta.
(6)
Any cooperation agreement as described in sub-
SOURCES
regulation (4) which is entered into by Malta shall include the amount
of renewable fuels of non-biological origin to be counted in total and
for each Member State, and the date on which the cooperation
agreement is to become operational.
(regulation 16)
RULES FOR CALCULATING THE GREENHOUSE GAS IMPACTS OF BIOFUELS,
OTHER BIOLIQUIDS AND THEIR FOSSIL FUEL COMPARATORS
Part A.
TYPICAL AND DEFAULT VALUES FOR BIOFUELS IF PRODUCED WITH NO NET CARBON
EMISSIONS FROM LAND-USE CHANGE
Biofuel production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions
Greenhouse gas emissions
saving – typical value
saving – default value
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, natural
67 %
59 %
gas as process fuel in conventional boiler)
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop,
77 %
73 %
natural gas as process fuel in conventional
boiler)
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, natural
73 %
68 %
gas as process fuel in CHP plant (*))
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop,
79 %
76 %
natural gas as process fuel in CHP plant (*))
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, lignite
58 %
47 %
as process fuel in CHP plant (*))
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop,
71 %
64 %
lignite as process fuel in CHP plant (*))
corn (maize) ethanol (natural gas as process
48 %
40 %
fuel in conventional boiler)
corn (maize) ethanol, (natural gas as process
55 %
48 %
fuel in CHP plant (*))
corn (maize) ethanol (lignite as process fuel in
40 %
28 %
CHP plant (*))
corn (maize) ethanol (forest residues as process
69 %
68 %
fuel in CHP plant (*))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (natural
47 %
38 %
gas as process fuel in conventional boiler)
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (natural
53 %
46 %
gas as process fuel in CHP plant (*))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (lignite
37 %
24 %
as process fuel in CHP plant (*))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (forest
67 %
67 %
residues as process fuel in CHP plant (*))
sugar cane ethanol
70 %
70 %
the part from renewable sources of ethyl-tertio-
Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used
butyl-ether (ETBE)
the part from renewable sources of tertiary-
Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used
amyl-ethyl-ether (TAEE)
rape seed biodiesel
52 %
47 %
sunflower biodiesel
57 %
52 %
soybean biodiesel
55 %
50 %
palm oil biodiesel (open effluent pond)
33 %
20 %
palm oil biodiesel (process with methane
51 %
45 %
capture at oil mill)
waste cooking oil biodiesel
88 %
84 %
animal fats from rendering biodiesel (**)
84 %
78 %
hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed
51 %
47 %
hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower
58 %
54 %
hydrotreated vegetable oil from soybean
55 %
51 %
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (open
34 %
22 %
effluent pond)
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil
53 %
49 %
(process with methane capture at oil mill)
hydrotreated oil from waste cooking oil
87 %
83 %
hydrotreated oil from animal fats from
83 %
77 %
rendering (**)
pure vegetable oil from rape seed
59 %
57 %
pure vegetable oil from sunflower
65 %
64 %
pure vegetable oil from soybean
63 %
61 %
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (open effluent
40 %
30 %
pond)
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (process with
59 %
57 %
methane capture at oil mill)
pure oil from waste cooking oil
98 %
98 %
(*) Default values for processes using CHP are valid only if all the process heat is supplied by CHP.
(**) Applies only to biofuels produced from animal by-products classified as category 1 and 2 material in
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 1 ), for which
emissions related to hygenisation as part of the rendering are not considered.
( 1 )
Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 laying down
health rules as regards animal by-products and derived products not intended for human consumption and
repealing Regulation (EC) No 1774/2002 (Animal by-products Regulation) (OJ L 300, 14.11.2009, p. 1).
Part B.
ESTIMATED TYPICAL AND DEFAULT VALUES FOR FUTURE BIOFUELS THAT WERE NOT ON THE
MARKET OR WERE ON THE MARKET ONLY IN NEGLIGIBLE QUANTITIES IN 2016, IF PRODUCED
WITH NO NET CARBON EMISSIONS FROM LAND-USE CHANGE
Biofuel production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions Greenhouse gas emissions
saving - typical value
saving - default value
wheat straw ethanol
85 %
83 %
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-
83 %
83 %
standing plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-
82 %
82 %
standing plant
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-
83 %
83 %
standing plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-
82 %
82 %
standing plant
waste wood dimethylether (DME) in free-
84 %
84 %
standing plant
farmed wood dimethylether (DME) in free-
83 %
83 %
standing plant
waste wood methanol in free-standing plant
84 %
84 %
farmed wood methanol in free-standing
83 %
83 %
plant
Fischer-Tropsch diesel from black-liquor
89 %
89 %
gasification integrated with pulp mill
Fischer-Tropsch petrol from black-liquor
89 %
89 %
gasification integrated with pulp mill
dimethylether (DME) from black-liquor
89 %
89 %
gasification integrated with pulp mill
Methanol from black-liquor gasification
89 %
89 %
integrated with pulp mill
the part from renewable sources of methyl-
Equal to that of the methanol production pathway used
tertio-butyl-ether (MTBE)
Part C.
METHODOLOGY
1. Greenhouse gas emissions from the production and use of transport fuels, biofuels and bioliquids shall be
calculated as follows
(a)
greenhouse gas emissions from the production and use of biofuels shall be calculated as
E = e ec + e l + e p + e td + e u – e sca – e ccs – e ccr ,
where
E = total emissions from the use of the fuel;
e ec = emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials;
e l = annualised emissions from carbon stock changes caused by land-use change;
e p = emissions from processing;
e td = emissions from transport and distribution;
e u = emissions from the fuel in use;
e sca = emission savings from soil carbon accumulation via improved agricultural management;
e ccs = emission savings from CO 2 capture and geological storage; and
e ccr = emission savings from CO 2 capture and replacement.
Emissions from the manufacture of machinery and equipment shall not be taken into account.
(b) Greenhouse gas emissions from the production and use of bioliquids shall be calculated as for biofuels
(E), but with the extension necessary for including the energy conversion to electricity and/or heat and
cooling produced, as follows
(i)
For energy installations delivering only heat
𝐸
𝐸𝐶 ℎ =
η ℎ
(ii)
For energy installations delivering only electricity
𝐸
𝐸𝐶 𝑒𝑙 =
η 𝑒𝑙
Where
EC h,el = Total greenhouse gas emissions from the final energy commodity.
E = Total greenhouse gas emissions of the bioliquid before end-conversion
η el = The electrical efficiency, defined as the annual electricity produced divided by the annual bioliquid input
based on its energy content
η h = The heat efficiency, defined as the annual useful heat output divided by the annual bioliquid input based on
its energy content.
(iii)
For the electricity or mechanical energy coming from energy installations delivering
useful heat together with electricity and/or mechanical energy
𝐸
𝐶 𝑒𝑙 . η 𝑒𝑙
𝐸𝐶 𝑒𝑙 =
(
)
(iv)
For the useful heat coming from energy installations delivering heat together with
electricity and/or mechanical energy
𝐸
𝐸𝐶 ℎ =
(
)
where
EC h,el
= Total greenhouse gas emissions from the final energy commodity.
E = Total greenhouse gas emissions of the bioliquid before end-conversion.
η el = The electrical efficiency, defined as the annual electricity produced divided by the annual fuel input based on
its energy content.
η h = The heat efficiency, defined as the annual useful heat output divided by the annual fuel input based on its
energy content.
C el = Fraction of exergy in the electricity, and/or mechanical energy, set to 100 % (C el = 1).
C h = Carnot efficiency (fraction of exergy in the useful heat).
The Carnot efficiency, C h , for useful heat at different temperatures is defined as
𝐶 ℎ =
𝑇 ℎ
where
T h = Temperature, measured in absolute temperature (kelvin) of the useful heat at point of delivery.
T 0 = Temperature of surroundings, set at 273.15 kelvin (equal to 0 °C)
If the excess heat is exported for heating of buildings, at a temperature below 150 °C (423.15 kelvin), C h can
alternatively be defined as follows
C h = Carnot efficiency in heat at 150 °C (423.15 kelvin), which is: 0.3546
For the purposes of that calculation, the following definitions apply
(a) ‘cogeneration’ means the simultaneous generation in one process of thermal energy and electricity and/or
mechanical energy;
(b) ‘useful heat’ means heat generated to satisfy an economical justifiable demand for heat, for heating and cooling
purposes;
(c) ‘economically justifiable demand’ means the demand that does not exceed the needs for heat or cooling and
which would otherwise be satisfied at market conditions.
2. Greenhouse gas emissions from biofuels and bioliquids shall be expressed as follows
(a) greenhouse gas emissions from biofuels, E, shall be expressed in terms of grams of CO 2 equivalent
per MJ of fuel, g CO 2 eq/MJ.
(b) greenhouse gas emissions from bioliquids, EC, in terms of grams of CO 2 equivalent per MJ of final
energy commodity (heat or electricity), g CO 2 eq/MJ.
When heating and cooling are co-generated with electricity, emissions shall be allocated between heat and
electricity (as under 1(b)), irrespective if the heat is used for actual heating purposes or for cooling ( Note 1 ).
Where the greenhouse gas emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials e ec are expressed in unit g
CO 2 eq/dry-ton of feedstock, the conversion to grams of CO 2 equivalent per MJ of fuel, g CO 2 eq/MJ, shall be
calculated as follows ( Note 2 )
𝑔𝐶𝑂 2 𝑒𝑞
𝑒 𝑒𝑐 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑘 a [
]
𝑡 𝑑𝑟𝑦
𝑔𝐶𝑂 2 𝑒𝑞
𝑒 𝑒𝑐 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 a [
] =
× 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑘 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 a × 𝐴𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 a
𝑀𝐽 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑘
𝑀𝐽𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑐
𝐿𝐻𝑉 a [
]
𝑡 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑘
where
𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
𝐴𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 a = [
]
𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 + 𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠
Fuel feedstock factor a = [Ratio of MJ feedstock required to make 1MJ fuel]
Emissions per dry-ton feedstock shall be calculated as follows
𝑔𝐶𝑂 𝑒𝑞
𝑒 𝑒𝑐 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑘 a [ 𝑡 2 ]
𝑔𝐶𝑂 2 𝑒𝑞
𝑚𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡
𝑒 𝑒𝑐 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑘 a [
]=
(1 − 𝑚𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡)
𝑡 𝑑𝑟𝑦
3. Greenhouse gas emissions savings from biofuels and bioliquids shall be calculated as follows
(a) greenhouse gas emissions savings from biofuels
SAVING = (E F(t) – E B )/E F(t) ,
where
E B = total emissions from the biofuel; and
E F(t) = total emissions from the fossil fuel comparator for transport
(b) greenhouse gas emissions savings from heat and cooling, and electricity being generated from
bioliquids
SAVING = (EC F(h&c,el) – EC B(h&c,el) )/EC F(h&c,el) ,
where
EC B(h&c,el) = total emissions from the heat or electricity; and
EC F(h&c,el) = total emissions from the fossil fuel comparator for useful heat or electricity.
4. The greenhouse gases taken into account for the purposes of item 1 shall be CO 2 , N 2 O and CH 4 . For the purposes
of calculating CO 2 equivalence, those gases shall be valued as follows
CO 2 : 1
N 2 O : 298
CH 4 : 25
5. Emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials, e ec , shall include emissions from the extraction
or cultivation process itself; from the collection, drying and storage of raw materials; from waste and leakages;
and from the production of chemicals or products used in extraction or cultivation. Capture of CO 2 in the
cultivation of raw materials shall be excluded. Estimates of emissions from agriculture biomass cultivation may
be derived from the use of regional averages for cultivation emissions included in the reports referred to in
Article 31(4) of the Directive or the information on the disaggregated default values for cultivation emissions
included in this Schedule, as an alternative to using actual values. In the absence of relevant information in those
reports it is allowed to calculate averages based on local farming practises based for instance on data of a group
of farms, as an alternative to using actual values.
6. For the purposes of the calculation referred to in item 1(a), greenhouse gas emissions savings from improved
agriculture management, esca, such as shifting to reduced or zero-tillage, improved crops and crop rotation, the
use of cover crops, including crop residue management, and the use of organic soil improver, such as compost
and manure fermentation digestate, shall be taken into account only if they do not risk to negatively affect
biodiversity. Further, solid and verifiable evidence shall be provided that the soil carbon has increased or that it is
reasonable to expect to have increased over the period in which the raw materials concerned were cultivated while
taking into account the emissions where such practices lead to increased fertiliser and herbicide use. ( Note 3 ).
7. Annualised emissions from carbon stock changes caused by land-use change, e l , shall be calculated by dividing
total emissions equally over twenty (20) years. For the calculation of those emissions, the following rule shall be
applied
e l = (CS R – CS A ) × 3.664 × 1/20 × 1/P – e B , ( Note 4 )
where
e l
= annualised greenhouse gas emissions from carbon stock change due to land-use change (measured as mass
(grams) of CO 2 -equivalent per unit of biofuel or bioliquid energy (megajoules)). ‘Cropland’ ( 1 ) and
‘perennial cropland’ ( 2 ) shall be regarded as one land use;
CS R = the carbon stock per unit area associated with the reference land-use (measured as mass (tonnes) of carbon
per unit area, including both soil and vegetation). The reference land-use shall be the land-use in January
2008 or twenty (20) years before the raw material was obtained, whichever was the later;
CS A = the carbon stock per unit area associated with the actual land-use (measured as mass (tonnes) of carbon
per unit area, including both soil and vegetation). In cases where the carbon stock accumulates over more
than one year, the value attributed to CS A shall be the estimated stock per unit area after twenty (20) years
or when the crop reaches maturity, whichever the earlier;
P
= the productivity of the crop (measured as biofuel or bioliquid energy per unit area per year) and
e B
= bonus of 29 g CO 2 eq/MJ biofuel or bioliquid if biomass is obtained from restored degraded land under
the conditions laid down in item 8.
( 1 ) Cropland as defined by IPCC.
( 2 ) Perennial crops are defined as multi-annual crops, the stem of which is usually not annually harvested such
as short rotation coppice and oil palm.
8. The bonus of 29 g CO 2 eq/MJ shall be attributed if evidence is provided that the land
(a) was not in use for agriculture or any other activity in January 2008; and
(b) is severely degraded land, including such land that was formerly in agricultural use.
The bonus of 29 g CO 2 eq/MJ shall apply for a period of up to twenty (20) years from the date of conversion of
the land to agricultural use, provided that a steady increase in carbon stocks as well as a sizable reduction in
erosion phenomena for land falling under (b) are ensured.
9. ‘Severely degraded land’ means land that, for a significant period of time, has either been significantly salinated
or presented significantly low organic matter content and has been severely eroded.
10. The Commission shall review, by 31 December 2020, guidelines for the calculation of land carbon stocks ( Note
) drawing on the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories – volume 4 and in accordance
with Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 and Regulation (EU) 2018/841 of the European Parliament and of the
Council ( Note 6 ). The Commission guidelines shall serve as the basis for the calculation of land carbon stocks for
the purposes of the Directive.
11. Emissions from processing, e p , shall include emissions from the processing itself; from waste and leakages;
and from the production of chemicals or products used in processing including the CO 2 emissions corresponding
to the carbon contents of fossil inputs, whether or not actually combusted in the process.
In accounting for the consumption of electricity not produced within the fuel production plant, the greenhouse gas
emissions intensity of the production and distribution of that electricity shall be assumed to be equal to the average
emission intensity of the production and distribution of electricity in a defined region. By way of derogation from
this rule, producers may use an average value for an individual electricity production plant for electricity produced
by that plant, if that plant is not connected to the electricity grid.
Emissions from processing shall include emissions from drying of interim products and materials where relevant.
12. Emissions from transport and distribution, e td , shall include emissions from the transport of raw and semi-
finished materials and from the storage and distribution of finished materials. Emissions from transport and
distribution to be taken into account under item 5 shall not be covered by this item.
13. Emissions of the fuel in use, e u , shall be taken to be zero for biofuels and bioliquids.
Emissions of non-CO 2 greenhouse gases (N 2 O and CH 4 ) of the fuel in use shall be included in the e u factor for
bioliquids.
14. Emission savings from CO 2 capture and geological storage, e ccs , that have not already been accounted for in
e p , shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture and storage of emitted CO 2 directly related to the
extraction, transport, processing and distribution of fuel if stored in compliance with Directive 2009/31/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council ( Note 7 ).
15. Emissions savings from CO 2 capture and replacement, e ccr , shall be related directly to the production of the
biofuels or bioliquids to which they are attributed, and shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture
of CO 2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used to replace fossil-derived CO 2 in the
production of commercial products and services before 1 January 2036.
16. Where a cogeneration unit – providing heat and/or electricity to a fuel production process for which emissions
are being calculated – produces excess electricity and/or excess useful heat, the greenhouse gas emissions shall
be divided between the electricity and the useful heat according to the temperature of the heat (which reflects the
usefulness (utility) of the heat). The useful part of the heat is found by multiplying its energy content with the
Carnot efficiency, C h , calculated as follows
𝐶 ℎ =
𝑇 ℎ
where
T h = Temperature, measured in absolute temperature (kelvin) of the useful heat at point of delivery.
T 0 = Temperature of surroundings, set at 273.15 kelvin (equal to 0 °C)
If the excess heat is exported for heating of buildings, at a temperature below 150 °C (423.15 kelvin), C h can
alternatively be defined as follows
C h = Carnot efficiency in heat at 150 °C (423.15 kelvin), which is: 0.3546
For the purposes of that calculation, the actual efficiencies shall be used, defined as the annual mechanical energy,
electricity and heat produced respectively divided by the annual energy input.
For the purposes of that calculation, the following definitions apply
(a) ‘cogeneration’ shall mean the simultaneous generation in one process of thermal energy and electrical
and/or mechanical energy;
(b) ‘useful heat’ shall mean heat generated to satisfy an economical justifiable demand for heat, for
heating or cooling purposes;
(c) ‘economically justifiable demand’ shall mean the demand that does not exceed the needs for heat or
cooling and which would otherwise be satisfied at market conditions.
17. Where a fuel production process produces, in combination, the fuel for which emissions are being calculated
and one or more other products (co-products), greenhouse gas emissions shall be divided between the fuel or its
intermediate product and the co-products in proportion to their energy content (determined by lower heating value
in the case of co-products other than electricity and heat). The greenhouse gas intensity of excess useful heat or
excess electricity is the same as the greenhouse gas intensity of heat or electricity delivered to the fuel production
process and is determined from calculating the greenhouse intensity of all inputs and emissions, including the
feedstock and CH 4 and N 2 O emissions, to and from the cogeneration unit, boiler or other apparatus delivering heat
or electricity to the fuel production process. In the case of cogeneration of electricity and heat, the calculation is
performed following item 16.
18. For the purposes of the calculations referred to in item 17, the emissions to be divided shall be e ec + e l + e sca
+ those fractions of e p , e td , e ccs and e ccr that take place up to and including the process step at which a co-product
is produced. If any allocation to co-products has taken place at an earlier process step in the life-cycle, the
fraction of those emissions assigned in the last such process step to the intermediate fuel product shall be used
for those purposes instead of the total of those emissions. In the case of biofuels and bioliquids, all co-products
that do not fall under the scope of item 17 shall be taken into account for the purposes of that calculation.
Co-products that have a negative energy content shall be considered to have an energy content of zero for the
purposes of the calculation.
As a general rule, wastes and residues including all wastes and residues included in Annex IX of the Directive
shall be considered to have zero life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions up to the process of collection of those
materials irrespectively of whether they are processed to interim products before being transformed into the final
product.
In the case of biomass fuels produced in refineries, other than the combination of processing plants with boilers
or cogeneration units providing heat and/or electricity to the processing plant, the unit of analysis for the
purposes of the calculation referred to in item 17 shall be the refinery.
19. For biofuels, for the purposes of the calculation referred to in item 3, the fossil fuel comparator E F(t) shall be
94 g CO 2 eq/MJ.
For bioliquids used for the production of electricity, for the purposes of the calculation referred to in item 3, the
fossil fuel comparator EC F(e) shall be 183 g CO 2 eq/MJ.
For bioliquids used for the production of useful heat, as well as for the production of heating and/or cooling, for
the purposes of the calculation referred to in item 3, the fossil fuel comparator EC F(h&c) shall be 80 g CO 2 eq/MJ.
Notes to Part C of this Schedule
(Note 1) Heat or waste heat is used to generate cooling (chilled air or water) through absorption chillers. Therefore, it is appropriate to
calculate only the emissions associated to the heat produced per MJ of heat, irrespectively if the end-use of the heat is actual heating or
cooling via absorption chillers.
(Note 2) The formula for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials e ec describes cases where
feedstock is converted into biofuels in one step. For more complex supply chains, adjustments are needed for calculating greenhouse gas
emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials e ec for intermediate products.
(Note 3) Measurements of soil carbon can constitute such evidence, e.g. by a first measurement in advance of the cultivation and subsequent
ones at regular intervals several years apart. In such a case, before the second measurement is available, increase in soil carbon would be
estimated on the basis of representative experiments or soil models. From the second measurement onwards, the measurements would
constitute the basis for determining the existence of an increase in soil carbon and its magnitude..
(Note 4) The quotient obtained by dividing the molecular weight of CO 2 (44.010 g/mol) by the molecular weight of carbon (12.011 g/mol) is
equal to 3.664.
(Note 5) Commission Decision 2010/335/EU of 10 June 2010 on guidelines for the calculation of land carbon stocks for the purpose of
Annex V to Directive 2009/28/EC (OJ L 151, 17.6.2010, p. 19).
(Note 6) Regulation (EU) 2018/841 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 on the inclusion of greenhouse gas
emissions and removals from land use, land use change and forestry in the 2030 climate and energy framework, and amending Regulation
(EU) No 525/2013 and Decision No 529/2013/EU (OJ L 156, 19.6.2018, p. 1).
(Note 7) Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide
and amending Council Directive 85/337/EEC, European Parliament and Council Directives 2000/60/EC, 2001/80/EC, 2004/35/EC,
2006/12/EC, 2008/1/EC and Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006 (OJ L 140, 5.6.2009, p. 114).
Part D.
DISAGGREGATED DEFAULT VALUES FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOLIQUIDS
Disaggregated default values for cultivation: ‘e ec ’ as defined in Part C of this Schedule, including soil N 2 O
emissions
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions – default
typical value
value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
sugar beet ethanol
9.6
9.6
corn (maize) ethanol
25.5
25.5
other cereals excluding corn (maize) ethanol
27.0
27.0
sugar cane ethanol
17.1
17.1
the part from renewable sources of ETBE
Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used
the part from renewable sources of TAEE
Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used
rape seed biodiesel
32.0
32.0
sunflower biodiesel
26.1
26.1
soybean biodiesel
21.2
21.2
palm oil biodiesel
26.0
26.0
waste cooking oil biodiesel
animal fats from rendering biodiesel ( *1 )
hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed
33.4
33.4
hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower
26.9
26.9
hydrotreated vegetable oil from soybean
22.1
22.1
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil
27.3
27.3
hydrotreated oil from waste cooking oil
hydrotreated oil from animal fats from
rendering ( *1 )
pure vegetable oil from rape seed
33.4
33.4
pure vegetable oil from sunflower
27.2
27.2
pure vegetable oil from soybean
22.2
22.2
pure vegetable oil from palm oil
27.1
27.1
pure oil from waste cooking oil
*1
( ) Applies only to biofuels produced from animal by-products classified as category 1 and 2 material in
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009, for which emissions related to hygenisation as part of the
rendering are not considered.
Disaggregated default values for cultivation: ‘e ec ’ – for soil N 2 O emissions only (these are already included in the
disaggregated values for cultivation emissions in the ‘e ec ’ table)
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions – default
typical value
value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
sugar beet ethanol
4.9
4.9
corn (maize) ethanol
13.7
13.7
other cereals excluding corn (maize) ethanol
14.1
14.1
sugar cane ethanol
2.1
2.1
the part from renewable sources of ETBE
Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used
the part from renewable sources of TAEE
Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used
rape seed biodiesel
17.6
17.6
sunflower biodiesel
12.2
12.2
soybean biodiesel
13.4
13.4
palm oil biodiesel
16.5
16.5
waste cooking oil biodiesel
animal fats from rendering biodiesel ( *1 )
hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed
18.0
18.0
hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower
12.5
12.5
hydrotreated vegetable oil from soybean
13.7
13.7
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil
16.9
16.9
hydrotreated oil from waste cooking oil
hydrotreated oil from animal fats from
rendering ( *1 )
pure vegetable oil from rape seed
17.6
17.6
pure vegetable oil from sunflower
12.2
12.2
pure vegetable oil from soybean
13.4
13.4
pure vegetable oil from palm oil
16.5
16.5
pure oil from waste cooking oil
( *1 ) Note: applies only to biofuels produced from animal by-products classified as category 1 and 2 material in
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009, for which emissions related to hygenisation as part of the
rendering are not considered.
Disaggregated default values for processing: ‘e p ’ as defined in Part C of this Schedule
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions –
typical value
default value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, natural gas as
18.8
26.3
process fuel in conventional boiler)
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, natural gas as
9.7
13.6
process fuel in conventional boiler)
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, natural gas as
13.2
18.5
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, natural gas as
7.6
10.6
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, lignite as process
27.4
38.3
fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, lignite as
15.7
22.0
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in
20.8
29.1
conventional boiler)
corn (maize) ethanol, (natural gas as process fuel in CHP
14.8
20.8
plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (lignite as process fuel in CHP
28.6
40.1
plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (forest residues as process fuel in
1.8
2.6
CHP plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (natural gas as
21.0
29.3
process fuel in conventional boiler)
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (natural gas as
15.1
21.1
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (lignite as process
30.3
42.5
fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (forest residues as
1.5
2.2
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar cane ethanol
1.3
1.8
the part from renewable sources of ETBE
Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway
used
the part from renewable sources of TAEE
Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway
used
rape seed biodiesel
11.7
16.3
sunflower biodiesel
11.8
16.5
soybean biodiesel
12.1
16.9
palm oil biodiesel (open effluent pond)
30.4
42.6
palm oil biodiesel (process with methane capture at oil
13.2
18.5
mill)
waste cooking oil biodiesel
9.3
13.0
animal fats from rendering biodiesel ( *2 )
13.6
19.1
hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed
10.7
15.0
hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower
10.5
14.7
hydrotreated vegetable oil from soybean
10.9
15.2
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (open effluent
27.8
38.9
pond)
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process with
9.7
13.6
methane capture at oil mill)
hydrotreated oil from waste cooking oil
10.2
14.3
hydrotreated oil from animal fats from rendering ( *2 )
14.5
20.3
pure vegetable oil from rape seed
3.7
5.2
pure vegetable oil from sunflower
3.8
5.4
pure vegetable oil from soybean
4.2
5.9
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (open effluent pond)
22.6
31.7
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (process with methane
4.7
6.5
capture at oil mill)
pure oil from waste cooking oil
0.6
0.8
( *1 ) Default values for processes using CHP are valid only if all the process heat is supplied by CHP.
( *2 ) Note: applies only to biofuels produced from animal by-products classified as category 1 and 2 material in
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009, for which emissions related to hygenisation as part of the
rendering are not considered.
Disaggregated default values for oil extraction only (these are already included in the disaggregated values for
processing emissions in the ‘e p ’ table)
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions –
typical value
default value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
rape seed biodiesel
3.0
4.2
sunflower biodiesel
2.9
4.0
soybean biodiesel
3.2
4.4
palm oil biodiesel (open effluent pond)
20.9
29.2
palm oil biodiesel (process with methane capture at oil
3.7
5.1
mill)
waste cooking oil biodiesel
*1
animal fats from rendering biodiesel ( )
4.3
6.1
hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed
3.1
4.4
hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower
3.0
4.1
hydrotreated vegetable oil from soybean
3.3
4.6
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (open effluent
21.9
30.7
pond)
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process with
3.8
5.4
methane capture at oil mill)
hydrotreated oil from waste cooking oil
hydrotreated oil from animal fats from rendering ( *1 )
4.3
6.0
pure vegetable oil from rape seed
3.1
4.4
pure vegetable oil from sunflower
3.0
4.2
pure vegetable oil from soybean
3.4
4.7
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (open effluent pond)
21.8
30.5
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (process with methane
3.8
5.3
capture at oil mill)
pure oil from waste cooking oil
*1
( ) Note: applies only to biofuels produced from animal by-products classified as category 1 and 2 material in
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009, for which emissions related to hygenisation as part of the
rendering are not considered.
Disaggregated default values for transport and distribution: ‘e td ’ as defined in Part C of this Schedule
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas
Greenhouse gas
emissions –
emissions – default
typical value
value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, natural gas as process fuel
2.3
2.3
in conventional boiler)
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, natural gas as process
fuel in conventional boiler)
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, natural gas as process fuel
in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, natural gas as process
fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, lignite as process fuel in
CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, lignite as process fuel in
CHP plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in conventional
boiler)
corn (maize) ethanol (lignite as process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (forest residues as process fuel in CHP
plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in
conventional boiler)
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in
CHP plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (lignite as process fuel in
CHP plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (forest residues as process
fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar cane ethanol
the part from renewable sources of ETBE
the part from renewable sources of TAEE
rape seed biodiesel
sunflower biodiesel
soybean biodiesel
palm oil biodiesel (open effluent pond)
palm oil biodiesel (process with methane capture at oil mill)
waste cooking oil biodiesel
*1
animal fats from rendering biodiesel ( )
hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed
hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower
hydrotreated vegetable oil from soybean
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (open effluent pond)
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process with methane
capture at oil mill)
hydrotreated oil from waste cooking oil
*2
hydrotreated oil from animal fats from rendering ( )
pure vegetable oil from rape seed
pure vegetable oil from sunflower
1.7
1.7
pure vegetable oil from soybean
8.8
8.8
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (open effluent pond)
6.7
6.7
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (process with methane capture at
6.7
6.7
oil mill)
pure oil from waste cooking oil
1.4
1.4
*1
( ) Default values for processes using CHP are valid only if all the process heat is supplied by CHP.
( *2 ) Note: applies only to biofuels produced from animal by-products classified as category 1 and 2 material
in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009, for which emissions related to hygenisation as part of the
rendering are not considered.
Disaggregated default values for transport and distribution of final fuel only. These are already included in the
table of ‘transport and distribution emissions e td ’ as defined in Part C of this Schedule, but the following values
are useful if an economic operator wishes to declare actual transport emissions for crops or oil transport only).
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions –
typical value
default value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, natural gas as
1.6
1.6
process fuel in conventional boiler)
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, natural gas
1.6
1.6
as process fuel in conventional boiler)
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, natural gas as
1.6
1.6
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, natural gas
1.6
1.6
as process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, lignite as
1.6
1.6
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, lignite as
1.6
1.6
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in
1.6
1.6
conventional boiler)
corn (maize) ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in CHP
1.6
1.6
plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (lignite as process fuel in CHP
1.6
1.6
plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (forest residues as process fuel in
1.6
1.6
CHP plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (natural gas as
1.6
1.6
process fuel in conventional boiler)
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (natural gas as
1.6
1.6
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (lignite as
1.6
1.6
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (forest residues
1.6
1.6
as process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar cane ethanol
6.0
6.0
the part of ethyl-tertio-butyl-ether (ETBE) from
Will be considered to be equal to that of the ethanol
renewable ethanol
production pathway used
the part of tertiary-amyl-ethyl-ether (TAEE) from
Will be considered to be equal to that of the ethanol
renewable ethanol
production pathway used
rape seed biodiesel
1.3
1.3
sunflower biodiesel
1.3
1.3
soybean biodiesel
1.3
1.3
palm oil biodiesel (open effluent pond)
1.3
1.3
palm oil biodiesel (process with methane capture at oil
1.3
1.3
mill)
waste cooking oil biodiesel
1.3
1.3
animal fats from rendering biodiesel ( *2 )
1.3
1.3
hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed
1.2
1.2
hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower
1.2
1.2
hydrotreated vegetable oil from soybean
1.2
1.2
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (open effluent
1.2
1.2
pond)
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process with
1.2
1.2
methane capture at oil mill)
hydrotreated oil from waste cooking oil
1.2
1.2
hydrotreated oil from animal fats from rendering ( *2 )
1.2
1.2
pure vegetable oil from rape seed
0.8
0.8
pure vegetable oil from sunflower
0.8
0.8
pure vegetable oil from soybean
0.8
0.8
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (open effluent pond)
0.8
0.8
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (process with methane
0.8
0.8
capture at oil mill)
pure oil from waste cooking oil
0.8
0.8
( *1 ) Default values for processes using CHP are valid only if all the process heat is supplied by CHP.
( *2 ) Note: applies only to biofuels produced from animal by-products classified as category 1 and 2 material in
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009, for which emissions related to hygenisation as part of the
rendering are not considered.
Total for cultivation, processing, transport and distribution
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions –
typical value
default value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, natural gas as
30.7
38.2
process fuel in conventional boiler)
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, natural gas as
21.6
25.5
process fuel in conventional boiler)
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, natural gas as
25.1
30.4
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, natural gas as
19.5
22.5
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (no biogas from slop, lignite as process
39.3
(1)
For the purposes of paragraph (a) of regulation
5(1), gross final consumption of electricity from renewable sources
shall be calculated as the quantity of electricity produced in Malta
from renewable sources, and shall include the production of electricity
from renewables self-consumers and renewable energy communities,
as well as electricity from renewable fuels of non-biological origin,
but shall exclude the production of electricity in pumped storage units
from water that has previously been pumped uphill as well as the
electricity used to produce renewable fuels of non-biological origin.
(2)
In multi-fuel plants using renewable and non-renewable
sources, only the part of electricity produced from renewable sources
shall be taken into account, and for the purposes of such calculation,
the contribution of each energy source shall be calculated on the basis
of its energy content.
(3)
The electricity generated by hydropower and wind power
shall be accounted for in accordance with the normalisation rules
established in the First Schedule.
(regulation 34)
RENEWABLES ACCELERATION AREAS
1. Areas which are identified as Principal Urban Areas, Regional Urban Settlements, Small Urban
Settlements and Enterprise Hubs within Map 2A of the 2015 Strategic Plan for Environment and
Development 1 as shown in Figure 1 are deemed to constitute renewables acceleration areas for
the purposes of regulation 34.
2. The permit-granting procedures applicable to solar photovoltaic installations in such areas shall,
without prejudice to the restrictions established in regulation 34, be subject to the timeframes
established in regulation 38.
Figure 1
https://sustainabledevelopment.gov.mt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Strategic-Plan-for-the-Environment-and-
Development-SPED.pdf
(1)
For the purposes of paragraph (b) of regulation
5(1), gross final consumption of energy from renewable sources in the
heating and cooling sector shall be calculated as the quantity of district
heating and cooling produced in Malta from renewable sources, plus
the consumption of other energy from renewable sources in industry,
households, services, agriculture, forestry and fisheries, for heating,
cooling and processing purposes.
(2)
In multi-fuel plants using renewable and non-renewable
sources, only the part of heating and cooling produced from renewable
sources shall be taken into account and for the purposes of the
calculation referred to in sub-regulation (1), the contribution of each
energy source shall be calculated on the basis of its energy content.
(3)
Ambient and geothermal energy used for heating and
cooling by means of heat pumps and district cooling systems shall be
taken into account for the purposes of the calculation referred to in
sub-regulation (1), provided that the final energy output significantly
exceeds the primary energy input required to drive the heat pumps.
(4)
The quantity of heat or cold to be considered to be energy
from renewable sources for the purposes of these regulations shall be
calculated in accordance with the methodology established in the
Second Schedule and shall take into account energy use in all end-use
sectors.
SOURCES
(5)
Thermal energy generated by passive energy systems,
under which lower energy consumption is achieved passively through
building design or from heat generated by energy from non-renewable
sources, shall not be taken into account for the purposes of the
calculation referred to in sub-regulation (1).
For the purposes of paragraph (c) of regulation 5(1), the
following requirements shall apply
(a)
final consumption of energy from renewable
sources in the transport sector shall be calculated as the sum of
all biofuels, biogas and renewable fuels of non-biological origin
consumed in the transport sector, which shall include renewable
fuels supplied to international marine bunkers; and
(b)
for the calculation of final consumption of energy
in the transport sector, the values regarding the energy content
of transport fuels as established in the Third Schedule shall be
used
Provided that in order to determine the calorific
values of fuels, the relevant European Standards Organisation
(ESO) standards shall be used for the determination of the
energy content of transport fuels not included in the Third
Schedule, and where no ESO standard has been adopted for
such purpose, the relevant International Organization for
Standardisation (ISO) standards shall be used.
(1)
The indicative national share of energy from
renewable sources in the final energy consumption in the building
sector in 2030 shall refer to
(a)
renewable energy produced on-site or nearby; and
(b)
renewable energy taken from the grid.
(2)
The indicative national share of energy from renewable
sources in the building sector for Malta referred to in sub-regulation
(1) shall be set in the integrated national energy and climate plans
submitted pursuant to Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999
together with information on how this is to be achieved.
(3)
Waste heat and cold may be counted towards the
indicative national share referred to in regulation 3(1), up to a limit of
twenty percent (20%) of that share, subject to the indicative national
share increasing by half of the percentage of waste heat and cold
counted towards that share.
(4)
Relevant authorities shall, to the extent that this is within
the scope of their legally established remit, introduce measures in their
regulations and, where applicable, their support schemes, in support of
SOURCES
increasing the share of electricity and heating and cooling from
renewable sources produced on-site or nearby as well as renewable
energy taken from the grid in the building stock, which may include
measures relating to substantial increases in renewables self-
consumption, renewable energy communities, local energy storage,
smart recharging and bi-directional recharging, and other flexibility
services such as demand response.
(5)
In order to achieve the indicative share of renewable
energy, relevant authorities shall, using all appropriate measures, tools
and incentives to the extent that this is within the scope of their legally
established remit, promote the use of renewable heating and cooling
systems and equipment.
(1)
The Minister shall, in consultation with the
Minister responsible for industry, endeavour to increase the share of
renewable sources in the amount of energy sources used for final
energy and non-energy purposes in the industry sector by an indicative
increase of at least one point six (1.6) percentage points as an annual
average calculated for the periods 2021 to 2025 and 2026 to 2030.
(2)
The policies and measures planned and taken to achieve
the indicative increase referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall be
included in Malta’s integrated national energy and climate plans
submitted in accordance with Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU)
2018/1999 and the integrated national energy and climate progress
reports submitted in accordance with Article 17 of the said
Regulation.
(3)
When electrification is considered to be a cost-effective
option, the policies and measures referred to in sub-regulation (2)
shall
(a)
promote the renewable-based electrification of
industrial processes; and
(b)
endeavour to create conducive market conditions
for the availability of economically viable and technically
feasible renewable energy alternatives to replace fossil fuels
used for industrial heating with the aim of reducing the use of
fossil fuels used for heating in which the temperature is below
two hundred degrees Celsius (200 °C).
(4)
The adoption of the policies and measures referred to in
sub-regulation (2) shall take into account the energy efficiency first
principle, effectiveness and international competitiveness and the need
to tackle regulatory, administrative and economic barriers.
(5)
The contribution of renewable fuels of non-biological
SOURCES
origin used for final energy and non-energy purposes shall be at least
forty-two percent (42%) of the hydrogen used for final energy and
non-energy purposes in industry by 2030, and sixty percent (60%) by
2035. (6)
For the calculation of the percentages referred to in sub-
regulation (5), the following rules shall apply
(a)
for the calculation of the denominator, the energy
content of hydrogen for final energy and non-energy purposes
shall be taken into account, excluding
(i)
hydrogen used as an intermediate product
for the production of conventional transport fuels and
biofuels;
(ii)
hydrogen
that
is
produced
by
decarbonising industrial residual gas and that is used to
replace the specific gas from which it is produced;
(iii) hydrogen produced as a by-product or
derived from by-products in industrial installations;
(b)
for the calculation of the numerator, the energy
content of the renewable fuels of non-biological origin
consumed in the industry sector for final energy and non-energy
purposes shall be taken into account, excluding renewable fuels
of non-biological origin used as intermediate products for the
production of conventional transport fuels and biofuels; and
(c)
for the calculation of the numerator and the
denominator, the values regarding the energy content of fuels
established in the Third Schedule shall be used.
(7)
For the purposes of paragraph (c) of sub-regulation (6),
in order to determine the energy content of fuels not included in the
Third Schedule, the relevant European standards for the determination
of the calorific values of fuels, or where no European standard has
been adopted for such purpose, the relevant ISO standards shall be
used.
(8)
The Minister shall promote voluntary labelling schemes
for industrial products that are claimed to be produced with renewable
energy and renewable fuels of non-biological origin.
(9)
The voluntary labelling schemes referred to in sub-
regulation (8) shall indicate the percentage of renewable energy used
or renewable fuels of non-biological origin used in the raw material
acquisition and pre-processing, manufacturing and distribution stage,
calculated on the basis of the methodologies stipulated either in
SOURCES
Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 or in ISO 14067:2018.
(10) Fuel suppliers and renewable fuel producers shall report
every two (2) years to the Regulator the amount of renewable fuels of
non-biological origin which they are expecting to import into and
export out of Malta, as the case may be
Provided that the obligation shall not apply to
consignments of renewable fuels of non-biological origin which are
intended to be introduced into Malta solely for the purposes of
temporary storage or transshipment, which are not intended to enter
the domestic supply chain, and are therefore not intended for sale,
distribution, supply or use within Malta, including for inland
consumption or for supply by operators licensed by the Regulator for
this purpose, to domestic or international navigation.
(11) The figures referred to in sub-regulation (10) shall be
included in the integrated national energy and climate plans submitted
in accordance with Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999
and in the integrated national energy and climate progress reports
submitted in accordance with Article 17 of the said Regulation.
(12) Any intended contributions to the Union strategy
developed by the Commission for imported and domestic hydrogen
with the aim of promoting the European hydrogen market as well as
domestic hydrogen production within the Union shall be indicated in
the integrated national energy and climate plans submitted in
accordance with Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 and
in the integrated national energy and climate progress reports
submitted in accordance with Article 17 of the said Regulation.
(1)
The contribution of renewable fuels of non-
biological origin used for final energy and non-energy purposes
referred to in regulation 10(5), may be reduced by twenty percent
(20%) in 2030, provided that
(a)
the attainment of the national contribution to the
binding overall Union target referred to in regulation 3(1),
which is at least equivalent to its expected national contribution
in accordance with the formula referred to in Annex II to
Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 is on track; and
(b)
the share of hydrogen, or its derivatives, produced
from fossil fuels which is consumed in Malta is not more than
twenty-three percent (23%) in 2030 and not more than twenty
percent (20%) in 2035
Provided further that where any of these
conditions are not fulfilled, the reduction shall cease to apply.
SOURCES
(2)
Where the reduction referred to in sub-regulation (1) is
applied, the Commission shall be notified thereof, together with
Malta’s integrated national energy and climate plans submitted in
accordance with Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 and
as part of the integrated national energy and climate progress reports
submitted in accordance with Article 17 of the said Regulation.
(3)
The notification referred to in sub-regulation (2) shall
include information about the updated share of renewable fuels of non-
biological origin and all relevant data to demonstrate that conditions
established in paragraphs (a) and (b) of sub-regulation (1) are fulfilled.
(1)
In order to promote the use of renewable energy in
the heating and cooling sector, the Minister shall increase the share of
renewable energy in that sector by at least zero point eight (0.8)
percentage points as an annual average calculated for the period 2021
to 2025 and by at least one point one (1.1) percentage points as an
annual average calculated for the period 2026 to 2030, starting from
the share of renewable energy in the heating and cooling sector in
2020, expressed in terms of national share of gross final consumption
of energy and calculated in accordance with the methodology
established in regulation 7.
(2)
Waste heat and cold may be counted towards the average
annual increases referred to in sub-regulation (1) up to a limit of zero
point four (0.4) percentage points
Provided that in such case the average annual increase
shall increase by half of the waste heat and cold percentage points
counted to an upper limit of one point zero (1.0) percentage points for
the period 2021 to 2025 and of one point three (1.3) percentage points
for the period 2026 to 2030.
(3)
The Commission shall be informed of the intention to
count waste heat and cold and of the estimated amount in the
integrated national energy and climate plans submitted in accordance
with Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999.
(4)
In addition to the minimum percentage points annual
increases referred to in sub-regulation (1), the Minister shall
endeavour to increase the share of renewable energy in the heating and
cooling sector by the following indicative percentage points as
follows
(a)
by an additional indicative zero point eight (0.8)
percentage points for the period 2021 to 2025; and
(b)
by an additional indicative zero point five (0.5)
percentage points for the period 2026 to 2030
SOURCES
Provided that if these indicative additional shares
are achieved, the resultant share, inclusive of such additional
share but excluding waste heat and cold, shall be of one point
six (1.6) percentage points.
(5)
Renewable electricity used for heating and cooling may
be counted towards the annual average increase established in sub-
regulation (1), up to a limit of zero point four (0.4) percentage points,
provided that the efficiency of the heat and cold generator unit is
higher than one hundred percent (100%)
Provided that in such case the average annual increase
shall increase by half of that renewable electricity expressed in
percentage points to an upper limit of one point zero (1.0) percentage
points for the period 2021 to 2025 and of one point three (1.3)
percentage points for the period 2026 to 2030.
(6)
The Commission shall be informed of the intention to
count renewable electricity used in heating and cooling from heat and
cold generators the efficiency of which is higher than one hundred
percent (100%) towards the annual increase established in sub-
regulation (1) through the submission of the plans required by
Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 as follows
(a)
the estimated renewable electricity capacities of
heat and cold generator units the efficiency of which is higher
than one hundred percent (100%) shall be included in the
integrated national energy and climate plans submitted in
accordance with Articles 3 and 14 of the said Regulation; and
(b)
the amount of renewable electricity used in
heating and cooling from heat and cold generator units the
efficiency of which is higher than one hundred percent (100%)
shall be included in the integrated national energy and climate
progress reports submitted in accordance with Article 17 of the
said Regulation.
(7)
For the calculation of the share of renewable electricity
used in heating and cooling for the purposes of sub-regulation (1) the
average share of renewable electricity supplied in Malta in the two (2)
previous years shall be used.
(8)
The Minister shall carry out an assessment of the
potential of energy from renewable sources and of the use of waste
heat and cold in the heating and cooling sector including, where
appropriate, an analysis of areas suitable for their deployment at low
ecological risk, and of the potential for small-scale household projects.
(9)
The assessment referred to in sub-regulation (8) shall
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(a)
consider available and economically feasible
technology for industrial and domestic uses in order to set out
milestones and measures to increase the use of renewable
energy in heating and cooling;
(b)
consider, where appropriate, the use of waste heat
and cold through district heating and cooling with a view to
establishing a long-term national strategy to reduce greenhouse
gas emissions and air pollution originating from heating and
cooling;
(c)
be in accordance with the energy efficiency first
principle;
(d)
be part of the integrated national energy and
climate plans submitted in accordance with Articles 3 and 14 of
Regulation (EU) 2018/1999; and
(e)
accompany the comprehensive heating and
cooling assessment required by regulation 21 of the Energy
Efficiency Regulations.
(10) For the purposes of sub-regulation (1), when calculating
the share of renewable energy in the heating and cooling sector and its
average annual increase in accordance therewith, including the
additional indicative increase established in sub-regulation (4), the
Minister
(a)
where the share of renewable energy in the
heating and cooling sector is above sixty per cent (60%), may
count any such share as fulfilling the average annual increase;
and
(b)
where the share of renewable energy in the
heating and cooling sector is above fifty per cent (50%) and up
to sixty per cent (60%), may count any such share as fulfilling
half of the average annual increase.
(11) When deciding which measures to adopt for the purposes
of deploying energy from renewable sources in the heating and cooling
sector, the Minister may take into account cost-effectiveness reflecting
structural barriers arising from the high share of natural gas or cooling,
or from a dispersed settlement structure with low population density.
(12) Where measures would result in a lower average annual
increase than that referred to in sub-regulation (1), this shall be made
public through the inclusion within the integrated national energy and
climate progress reports in accordance with Article 20 of Regulation
(EU) 2018/1999, and the Commission shall be provided with reasons,
including of choice of measures as referred to in sub-regulation (10).
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(13) The relevant authorities, within the scope of their legally
established remit, shall in particular provide information to the owners
or tenants of buildings and SMEs on cost-effective measures, and
financial instruments, to improve the use of renewable energy in the
heating and cooling systems through accessible and transparent
advisory tools.
(14) On the basis of objective and non-discriminatory criteria,
the Minister may establish and make public a list of measures and may
designate and make public the implementing entities, which are to
contribute to the average annual increase referred to in sub-regulation
(15) To achieve the average annual increase referred to in sub-
regulation (1), the Minister shall endeavour to implement at least two
(2) of the following measures
(a)
physical incorporation of renewable energy or
waste heat and cold in the energy sources and fuels supplied for
heating and cooling;
(b)
the installation of highly efficient renewable
heating and cooling systems in buildings, the connection of
buildings to efficient district heating and cooling systems or the
use of renewable energy or waste heat and cold in industrial
heating and cooling processes;
(c)
measures covered by tradable certificates proving
compliance with the obligation stipulated in sub-regulation (1),
through support to installation measures under paragraph (b),
carried out by another economic operator such as an
independent renewable energy technology installer or an energy
service company providing renewable energy installation
services;
(d)
capacity building for national, regional and local
authorities to map local renewable heating and cooling
potential and plan, implement and advise on renewable energy
projects and infrastructures;
(e)
the creation of risk mitigation frameworks to
reduce the cost of capital for renewable heat and cooling and
waste heat and cold projects, allowing for, inter alia, the
bundling of smaller projects as well as linking such projects
more holistically with other energy efficiency and building
renovation measures;
(f)
the promotion of renewables heating and cooling
purchase agreements for corporate and collective small
consumers;
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(g)
planned replacement schemes of fossil heating
sources, or of heating systems that are not compatible with
renewable sources or fossil phase-out schemes with milestones;
(h)
requirements at local and regional level
concerning renewable heat planning, encompassing cooling;
(i)
the promotion of the production of biogas and its
injection into the gas grid, instead of its use for electricity
production;
(j)
measures promoting the integration of thermal
energy storage technology in heating and cooling systems;
(k)
the promotion of renewable based district heating
and cooling networks, in particular by renewable energy
communities, including through regulatory measures, financing
arrangements and support;
(l)
other policy measures, with an equivalent effect,
including fiscal measures, support schemes or other financial
incentives that contribute to the installation of renewable
heating and cooling equipment and the development of energy
networks supplying renewable energy for heating and cooling
in buildings and industry.
(16) When adopting and implementing any of the measures
described in sub-regulation (14), the Minister shall ensure their
accessibility to all consumers, in particular those in low-income or
vulnerable households, who would not otherwise possess sufficient
up-front capital to benefit.
(17) The Minister may use the structures established under the
national energy savings obligations established in regulation 8 of the
Energy Efficiency Regulations to implement and monitor the measures
referred to in sub-regulation (14).
(18) Where entities are designated under sub-regulation (14),
the Minister shall ensure that the contribution by those designated
entities is measurable and verifiable.
(19) Where entities are designated under sub-regulation (14)
they shall report annually to the Regulator on
(a)
the total amount of energy supplied for heating
and cooling;
(b)
the total amount of renewable energy supplied for
heating and cooling;
(c)
the amount of waste heat and cold supplied for
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heating and cooling;
(d)
the share of renewable energy and waste heat and
cold in the total amount of energy supplied for heating and
cooling; and
(e)
the type of renewable energy source.
(20) Where entities are designated under sub-regulation (14)
and report to the Regulator in accordance with sub-regulation (19), the
Regulator shall verify the reported contributions submitted and shall
report these to the Minister in aggregated form.
(1)
Suppliers of district heating and cooling shall
provide information on the energy performance and the share of
renewable energy in their district heating and cooling systems to final
consumers in an easily accessible manner in the following ways
(a)
on bills or on their websites; and
(b)
on request.
(2)
The information on the share of renewable energy
referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall be expressed at least as a
percentage of gross final consumption of energy in heating and cooling
assigned to the customers of a given district heating and cooling
system, including information on how much energy was used to
deliver one (1) unit of heating to the customer or end-user.
(1)
Fuel suppliers which are obligated parties in terms
of the Petroleum for the Inland (Wholesale) Fuel Market, Bottling of
LPG and Primary Storage Facilities Regulations and, or the Bunkering
(Authorisation) Regulations shall comply with any obligations which
are intended to increase the share of renewable energy in energy
supplied to the transport sector which are established in the said
regulations.
(2)
The obligations referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall
result in
(a)
the amount of renewable fuels and renewable
electricity supplied to the transport sector leading to a share of
renewable energy within the final consumption of energy in the
transport sector of at least twenty-nine percent (29%) by 2030;
and
(b)
the combined share of advanced biofuels and
biogas produced from the feedstock listed in Part A of the
Fourth Schedule and of renewable fuels of non-biological
origin in the energy supplied to the transport sector being at
least one percent (1%) in 2025 and five point five percent
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(5.5%) in 2030, of which a share of at least one percent (1%)
shall be from renewable fuels of non-biological origin in 2030.
(3)
The Minister shall endeavour to ensure that as of 2030,
the share of renewable fuels of non-biological origin in the total
amount of energy supplied to the maritime transport sector is at least
one point two percent (1.2%).
(4)
The share of renewable energy within the final
consumption of energy in the transport sector, including in the
maritime transport sector, as well as the greenhouse gas intensity
reduction shall be reported in the national energy and climate progress
reports submitted pursuant to Article 17 of Regulation (EU) 2018/
1999. (5)
In the event of the amendment of the list of feedstock
established in Part A of Annex IX to the Directive, the Minister may
increase the minimum share of advanced biofuels and biogas produced
from that feedstock in the energy supplied to the transport sector
accordingly.
(6)
For the calculation of the targets referred to in paragraph
(a) of sub-regulation (2) and the shares referred to in paragraph (b) of
the same sub-regulation, the Regulator shall take into account
renewable fuels of non-biological origin also when they are used as
intermediate products for the production of
(a)
conventional transport fuels; or
(b)
biofuels, provided that the greenhouse gas
emissions reduction achieved by the use of renewable fuels of
non- biological origin is not counted in the calculation of the
greenhouse gas emissions savings of the biofuels.
(7)
For the calculation of the targets referred to in paragraph
(a) of sub-regulation (2) the Regulator may take into account recycled
carbon fuels.
(8)
The design of the obligations on fuel suppliers referred to
in sub-articles (1) and (2) may
(a)
exempt fuel suppliers supplying electricity or
renewable fuels of non-biological origin from the requirement
to comply with the minimum share of advanced biofuels and
biogas produced from the feedstock listed in Part A of the
Fourth Schedule with respect to those fuels;
(b)
set the obligation by means of measures targeting
volumes, energy content or greenhouse gas emissions;
(c)
distinguish between different energy carriers;
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(d)
distinguish between the maritime transport sector
and other sectors.
(9)
The Regulator shall establish a mechanism for fuel
suppliers in Malta to exchange credits for supplying renewable energy
to the transport sector.
(10) Economic operators that supply renewable electricity to
electric vehicles through public recharging points shall receive credits,
irrespectively of whether they are subject to the obligations referred to
in sub-regulation (1), and may sell those credits to fuel suppliers,
which shall be allowed to use the credits to fulfil the obligations
referred to in sub-regulation (1)
Provided that supply shall be understood as defined and
regulated in the Electricity Regulations.
(11) The Regulator may include private recharging points in
the mechanism referred to in sub-regulation (9), provided that it may
be demonstrated that renewable electricity supplied to those private
recharging points is provided solely to electric vehicles.
(1)
For the calculation of the gross final consumption
of energy from renewable sources referred to in regulation 5 of the
minimum share of renewable energy, the share of biofuels and
bioliquids, as well as of biomass fuels consumed in transport, where
produced from food and feed crops, shall be zero per cent (0%) of the
final consumption of energy.
(2)
The Minister may establish an alternative limit to the
share established in sub-regulation (1), which share shall not in any
case exceed two per cent (2%), and may distinguish, for the purposes
of regulation 3 of the Biofuels, Bioliquids and Biomass Fuels
(Sustainability Criteria) Regulations between different biofuels,
bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from food and feed crops,
taking into account best available evidence on indirect land-use
change impact, including for example, the option to set a lower limit
for the share of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from
oil crops.
(3)
Notwithstanding the target established in regulation
14(2)(a), the limitation on the share of biofuels and bioliquids, as well
as biomass fuels consumed in transport where produced from food and
feed crops, as established in sub-regulation (1), shall have the effect of
reducing said target by seven (7) percentage points
Provided that where the share referred to in sub-
regulation (1) is adjusted in accordance with sub-regulation (2), the
reduction applied under this sub-regulation shall be revised
accordingly in view of the contribution those fuels make in terms of
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the minimum share of renewable energy.
(1)
For the calculation of the minimum shares
referred to in regulation 14(2), the following rules shall apply
(a)
for the calculation of the denominator, that is the
amount of energy consumed in the transport sector, all fuels and
electricity supplied to the transport sector shall be taken into
account;
(b)
for the calculation of the numerator, that is the
amount of energy from renewable sources consumed in the
transport sector for the purposes of regulation 14(2) the energy
content of all types of energy from renewable sources supplied
to all transport modes, including to international marine
bunkers, shall be taken into account
Provided that recycled carbon fuels may be taken
into account;
(c)
the share of biofuels and biogas produced from
the feedstock listed in the Fourth Schedule and renewable fuels
of non-biological origin shall be considered to be twice its
energy content;
(d)
the share of renewable electricity shall be
considered to be four (4) times its energy content when supplied
to road vehicles;
(e)
the share of advanced biofuels and biogas
produced from the feedstock listed in Part A of Fourth Schedule
supplied in the aviation and maritime transport modes shall be
considered to be one point two (1.2) times their energy content
and the share of renewable fuels of non-biological origin
supplied in the aviation and maritime transport modes shall be
considered to be one point five (1.5) times their energy content;
(f)
in order to determine the amount of energy
supplied to the transport sector, the values regarding the energy
content of transport fuels established in the Third Schedule
shall be used;
(g)
in order to determine the energy content of
transport fuels not included in Third Schedule, the relevant
European standards for the determination of the calorific values
of fuels, or, where no European standard has been adopted for
such purpose, the relevant ISO standards shall be used;
(h)
the amount of renewable electricity supplied to
the transport sector shall be determined by multiplying the
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amount of electricity supplied to such sector by the average
share of renewable electricity supplied in Malta in the two (2)
previous years, unless electricity is obtained from a direct
connection to an installation generating renewable electricity
which is supplied to the transport sector, in which case that
electricity shall be fully counted as renewable, and electricity
generated by a solar-electric vehicle and used for the
consumption of the vehicle itself may be fully counted as
renewable.
(2)
For the purpose of the calculations referred to in sub-
regulation (1), until the 31 st December 2030 the amount of energy
supplied to the maritime transport sector shall, as a proportion of gross
final consumption of energy, be considered to be not more than five
percent (5%).
(3)
Where electricity is used for the production of renewable
fuels of non-biological origin, either directly or for the production of
intermediate products, the average share of electricity from renewable
sources in the country of production, as measured two (2) years before
the year in question shall, without prejudice to sub-regulations (4) and
(5) be used to determine the share of renewable energy.
(4)
Electricity obtained from a direct connection to an
installation generating renewable electricity may be fully counted as
renewable where it is used for the production of renewable fuels of
non-biological origin, provided that the installation
(a)
comes into operation after, or at the same time as,
the installation producing the renewable fuels of non-biological
origin; and
(b)
is not connected to the grid, or is connected to the
grid but evidence can be provided that the electricity concerned
has been supplied without taking electricity from the grid.
(5)
Electricity that has been taken from the grid may be fully
counted as renewable provided that it is produced exclusively from
renewable sources and the renewable properties and other appropriate
criteria have been demonstrated, ensuring that the renewable
properties of that electricity are counted only once and only in one (1)
end-use sector.
(6)
The greenhouse gas intensity reduction from the use of
renewable energy resulting from compliance with the minimum shares
referred to in regulation 14(2) shall be determined by dividing the
greenhouse gas emissions savings from the use of biofuels, biogas,
renewable fuels of non-biological origin and renewable electricity
supplied to all transport modes by the baseline
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Provided that recycled carbon fuels may also be taken into
consideration.
(7)
The greenhouse gas emissions savings referred to in sub-
regulation (6) shall be calculated as follows
(a)
for biofuel and biogas, by multiplying the amount
of those fuels supplied to all transport modes by their
greenhouse gas emissions savings determined in accordance
with regulation 6 of the Biofuels, Bioliquids and Biomass Fuels
(Sustainability Criteria) Regulations;
(b)
for renewable fuels of non-biological origin and
recycled carbon fuels, by multiplying the amount of those fuels
that is supplied to all transport modes by their greenhouse gas
emissions savings determined in accordance with delegated acts
adopted pursuant to Article 29a(3) of the Directive;
(c)
for renewable electricity, by multiplying the
amount of renewable electricity that is supplied to all transport
modes by the fossil fuel comparator ECF(e) established in the
Fifth Schedule.
(8)
The baseline referred to in sub-regulation (6) shall be
calculated as follows
(a)
until the 31st of December 2030, by multiplying
the amount of energy supplied to the transport sector by the
fossil fuel comparator EF(t) established in the Fifth Schedule;
(b)
from the 1st of January 2031, the baseline shall be
the sum of
(i)
the amount of fuels supplied to all transport
modes multiplied by the fossil fuel comparator EF(t)
established in the Fifth Schedule; and
(ii)
the amount of electricity supplied to all
transport modes multiplied by the fossil fuel comparator
ECF(e) established in the Fifth Schedule.
(9)
The relevant amounts of energy supplied to the transport
sector for the purposes of the calculation referred to in sub-regulation
(6) shall be determined in accordance with paragraphs (f), (g) and (h)
of sub-regulation (1).
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(1)
In order to be eligible for counting towards the
share of renewable energy in
(a)
the gross final energy consumption of Malta;
(b)
the building sector;
(c)
industry;
(d)
heating and cooling;
(e)
district heating and cooling; and
(f)
the transport sector,
biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels shall be compliant
with the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria
established in the Biofuels, Bioliquids and Biomass Fuels
(Sustainability Criteria) Regulations.
(2)
The relevant economic operators shall submit
information on the transactions made and the sustainability
characteristics of liquid and gaseous transport renewable fuels that are
eligible for being counted, including their life-cycle greenhouse gas
emissions, into the Union Database, starting from their point of
production to the fuel supplier that places the fuel on the market.
PART III
Generation and Consumption of Renewable Energy.
(1)
All consumers are entitled to become renewables
self-consumers, subject to this regulation.
(2)
Renewables self-consumers, individually or through
aggregators shall be entitled
(a)
to generate renewable energy, including for their
own consumption, store and sell their excess production of
renewable electricity, including through renewables power
purchase agreements, electricity suppliers and peer-to-peer
trading arrangements, without being subject
(i)
in relation to the electricity that they
consume from or feed into the grid, to
discriminatory or disproportionate procedures and
charges, and to network charges that are not cost-
reflective;
(ii)
in relation to their self-generated
electricity from renewable sources remaining
within their premises, to discriminatory or
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disproportionate procedures, and to any charges or
fees;
(b)
to install and operate electricity storage systems
combined with installations generating renewable electricity for
self-consumption without liability for any double charge,
including network charges, for stored electricity remaining
within their premises;
(c)
to maintain their rights and obligations as final
consumers; and
(d)
to receive remuneration, including where
applicable, through support schemes, for the self-generated
renewable electricity that they feed into the grid, which reflects
the market value of such electricity and which may take into
account its long-term value to the grid, the environment and
society
Provided that this shall be without prejudice to
Malta’s exercise of the derogations from Articles 4 and 6 of
Directive (EU) 2019/944
Provided further that for the continued duration of
the exercise of such derogations, regulation 54A of the
Electricity Regulations shall continue to apply to the purchase
of all renewable electricity produced in Malta and exported to
the grid, subject to the conditions therein.
(3)
Non-discriminatory and proportionate charges and
fees to renewables self-consumers may apply in relation to their
self-generated renewable electricity remaining within their
premises in one (1) or more of the following cases
(a)
if the self-generated renewable electricity
is effectively supported by means of support schemes,
only to the extent that the economic viability of the
project and the incentive effect of such support are not
undermined;
(b)
from 1st December 2026, if the overall
share of self-consumption installations exceeds eight per
cent (8%) of the total installed electricity capacity in
Malta, and if it is demonstrated, by means of a cost-
benefit analysis performed by the Regulator, which is
conducted by way of an open, transparent and
participatory process, that the provision stipulated in sub-
paragraph (ii) of paragraph (a) of sub-regulation (2)
either results in a significant disproportionate burden on
the long-term financial sustainability of the electric
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system, or creates an incentive exceeding what is
objectively needed to achieve cost-effective deployment
of renewable energy, and that such burden or incentive
cannot be minimised by taking other reasonable actions;
or
(c)
if the self-generated renewable electricity
is produced in installations with a total installed
electrical capacity of more than thirty kilowatts (30kW).
(4)
Renewables self-consumers located in the same
building, including multi-apartment blocks, are entitled to
engage jointly in activities referred to in sub-regulation (2) and
are permitted to arrange sharing of renewable energy that is
produced on their site or sites between themselves, without
prejudice to the network charges and other relevant charges,
fees, levies and taxes applicable to each renewables self-
consumer and without prejudice to the provisions of sub-
regulation (9).
(5)
In issuing regulations which govern the activities
of consumers described in sub-regulations (1) to (4) the
Minister may differentiate between individual renewables self-
consumers and jointly acting renewables self-consumers,
provided that any such differentiation shall be proportionate
and duly justified.
(6)
A renewables self-consumer’s installation may be
owned by a third party or be managed by a third party for
installation, operation, including metering and maintenance,
provided that the third party remains subject to the renewables
self-consumer’s instructions, whereby the third party itself shall
not be considered to be a renewables self-consumer.
(7)
Based on the outcome of the relative assessment
of the existing unjustified barriers to, and of the potential of,
renewable energy self-consumption in Malta, where such
barriers are independent of Malta’s exercise of the derogations
from Articles 4 and 6 of Directive (EU) 2019/944, the Minister
shall continue to, inter alia
(a)
address accessibility of renewables self-
consumption to all final customers, including those in
low-income or vulnerable households;
(b)
address unjustified barriers to the financing
of projects in the market and measures to facilitate access
to finance;
(c)
address
other
unjustified
regulatory
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barriers to renewables self-consumption, including for
tenants;
(d)
address incentives to building owners to
create opportunities for renewables self-consumption,
including for tenants;
(e)
grant renewables self-consumers, for self-
generated renewable electricity that they feed into the
grid, non-discriminatory access to relevant existing
support schemes as well as to all electricity market
segments; and
(f)
ensure that renewables self-consumers
contribute in an adequate and balanced way to the overall
cost sharing of the system when electricity is fed into the
grid.
(8)
A summary of the policies and measures enabling
renewable energy self-consumption and an assessment of their
implementation respectively shall be reported in Malta’s integrated
national energy and climate plans and progress reports pursuant to
Regulation (EU) 2018/1999.
(9)
This regulation shall apply without prejudice to Articles
107 and 108 TFEU and shall furthermore apply without prejudice to
Malta’s right to exercise the derogations granted pursuant to Article 66
of Directive (EU) 2019/944.
(1)
Final customers, in particular household
customers, shall be entitled to participate in a renewable energy
community while maintaining their rights or obligations as final
customers, and without being subject to unjustified or discriminatory
conditions or procedures that would prevent their participation in a
renewable energy community, provided that for private undertakings,
their participation does not constitute their primary commercial or
professional activity.
(2)
Without prejudice to Malta’s exercise of the derogations
from Articles 4 and 6 of Directive (EU) 2019/944, renewable energy
communities are entitled to
(a)
produce, consume, store and sell renewable
energy, including through renewables power purchase
agreements;
(b)
share within the renewable energy community,
renewable energy that is produced by the production units
owned by such renewable energy community, subject to the
other requirements stipulated in this regulation and to
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maintaining the rights and obligations of the renewable energy
community members as customers;
(c)
access all suitable energy markets both directly or
through aggregation in a non-discriminatory manner
Provided that for the continued duration of the
exercise of such derogations, regulation 54A of the Electricity
Regulations shall continue to apply to the purchase of all
renewable electricity produced in Malta and exported to the
grid, subject to the conditions therein.
(3)
The Minister shall carry out an assessment of the existing
barriers and potential of development of renewable energy
communities.
(4)
Without prejudice to Malta’s exercise of the derogations
from Articles 4 and 6 of Directive (EU) 2019/944 the development of
renewable energy communities shall be promoted and facilitated
ensuring, inter alia, that
(a)
unjustified regulatory and administrative barriers
to renewable energy communities are removed;
(b)
renewable energy communities that supply energy
or provide aggregation or other commercial energy services
shall be subject to the provisions relevant for such activities;
(c)
the relevant distribution system operator
cooperates with renewable energy communities to facilitate
energy transfers within renewable energy communities;
(d)
renewable energy communities are subject to fair,
proportionate and transparent procedures, including registration
and licensing procedures, and cost-reflective network charges,
as well as relevant charges, levies and taxes, ensuring that they
contribute, in an adequate, fair and balanced way, to the overall
cost sharing of the system in conformity with a transparent
cost-benefit analysis of distributed energy sources developed by
the national competent authorities;
(e)
renewable energy communities are not subject to
discriminatory treatment with regard to their activities, rights
and obligations as final customers, producers, suppliers,
distribution system operators, or as other market participants;
(f)
the participation in the renewable energy
communities is accessible to all consumers, including those in
low-income or vulnerable households;
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(g)
tools to facilitate
access
to
finance
and
information are available;
(h)
regulatory and capacity-building support is
provided to public authorities in enabling and establishing
renewable energy communities, and in helping authorities to
participate directly;
(i)
rules to secure the equal and non-discriminatory
treatment of consumers that participate in the renewable energy
community are in place
Provided that any limitations to the exercise of the
above functions arising out of the exercise of said derogations
shall not be deemed unjustified.
(5)
A summary of the policies and measures supporting
renewable energy communities and of their implementation, shall be
part of the updates of the integrated national energy and climate plans
and progress reports pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2018/1999.
(6)
Without prejudice to Articles 107 and 108 TFEU, the
Minister shall take into account specificities of renewable energy
communities when designing support schemes in order to allow them
to compete for support on an equal footing with other market
participants.
(7)
This regulation shall apply without prejudice to Malta’s
right to exercise the derogations granted pursuant to Article 66 of
Directive (EU) 2019/944.
(1)
All relevant authorities in issuing support
measures within the scope of their legally established remit and in line
with the same, shall make available information on such support
measures falling under their respective remit to all relevant actors,
such as consumers including low-income, vulnerable consumers,
renewables self-consumers, renewable energy communities, builders,
installers, periti, suppliers of heating, cooling and electricity
equipment and systems, and suppliers of vehicles compatible with the
use of renewable energy and of intelligent transport systems.
(2)
Suppliers of equipment and systems for the use of
heating, cooling and electricity from renewable sources shall make
available information on the net benefits, cost and energy efficiency of
such equipment and systems.
(3)
Information on certification schemes or equivalent
qualification schemes for installers and designers of all forms of
renewable heating and cooling systems in buildings, industry and
agriculture, for installers of solar photovoltaic systems, including
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energy storage, and for installers of recharging points enabling
demand response shall be made available to the public by the
Regulator together with a transparent, easily accessible and regularly
updated list of individuals who are qualified or certified through such
schemes.
(4)
The Regulator, where appropriate with the participation
of relevant public authorities, shall develop suitable information,
awareness-raising, guidance or training programmes in order to inform
citizens of how to exercise their rights as active customers, and of the
benefits and practicalities, including technical and financial aspects, of
developing and using energy from renewable sources, including by
renewables self-consumption or in the framework of renewable energy
communities.
Guarantees of origin for energy from renewable shall be
issued by the Regulator subject to the provisions of the Guarantees of
Origin of Electricity from High-Efficiency Cogeneration and of
Energy from Renewable Energy Sources Regulations.
PART IV
Support Schemes, Projects and Cooperation.
(1)
Support schemes applied to aid the achievement
of Malta’s contribution referred to in sub-regulation (1) of regulation 3
shall comply with this regulation.
(2)
Support schemes for electricity from renewable sources
shall provide incentives for the integration of electricity from
renewable sources in the electricity market in a market-based and
market-responsive way, and shall avoid unnecessary distortions of
electricity markets while taking into account possible system
integration costs and grid stability.
(3)
Support schemes for electricity from renewable sources
shall be designed so as to maximise the integration of electricity from
renewable sources in the electricity market and to ensure that
renewable energy producers are responding to market price signals and
maximise their market revenues.
(4)
Where support schemes referred to in sub-regulation (3)
are direct price support schemes, support shall be granted in the form
of a market premium, which could be, inter alia, sliding or fixed.
(5)
Sub-regulation (4) shall not apply to support for
electricity from the sources listed in Article 19d(4) of Regulation (EU)
2019/943, to which Article 19d(1) of the said Regulation applies.
(6)
Small-scale installations and demonstration projects may
be exempted from the provisions of sub-regulations (3) to (5), without
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prejudice to the applicable Union law on the internal market for
electricity.
(7)
Support for electricity from renewable sources shall be
granted in an open, transparent, competitive, non-discriminatory and
cost-effective manner.
(8)
Small-scale installations and demonstration projects may
be exempted from tendering procedures.
(9)
The Minister may consider establishing mechanisms to
ensure cost-efficient system integration.
(10) Tendering procedures may be limited to specific
technologies where opening support schemes to all producers of
electricity from renewable sources would lead to a suboptimal result,
in view of
(a)
the long-term potential of a particular technology;
(b)
the need to achieve diversification;
(c)
grid integration costs;
(d)
network constraints and grid stability; and
(e)
for biomass, the need to avoid distortions of raw
materials markets.
(11) Where support for electricity from renewable sources is
granted by means of a tendering procedure, in order to ensure a high
project realisation rate the following shall apply
(a)
non-discriminatory and transparent criteria to
qualify for the tendering procedure shall be established and
published, setting clear dates and rules for delivery of the
project; and
(b)
information about previous tendering procedures,
including project realisation rates shall be published.
(12) In order to benefit from support schemes and to be
eligible under public procurement any renewable energy equipment
and systems shall meet the technical specifications established in the
relative documentation of the rules applicable to such support scheme,
or of the tendering process
Provided that such technical specifications shall not
prescribe where the equipment and systems are to be certified and
shall not impede the proper functioning of the internal market
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(13) The technical specifications referred to in sub-regulation
(12) shall be expressed in terms of harmonised standards or European
standards including technical reference systems established by the
European standardisation organisations, where such standards exist
Provided that precedence in the application of
harmonised standards shall be given to those harmonised standards,
the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of
the European Union in support of Union law, including Regulation
(EU) 2017/1369 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4
July 2017 setting a framework for energy labelling and repealing
Directive 2010/30/EU, and the Framework for the Setting of
Ecodesign Requirements for Energy-Related Products Regulations,
followed by other harmonised standards and European standards.
(14) Support schemes granting financial support to renewable
energy producers shall either preclude the entitlement to a guarantee of
origin in respect of the supported renewable energy produced, or shall
appropriately take into account the market value of the guarantee of
origin for the same production
Provided that it shall be presumed that the market value
of the guarantee of origin has been appropriately taken into account in
any of the following cases
(a)
where the financial support is granted by way of a
tendering procedure or a tradable green certificate system;
(b)
where the market value of the guarantees of origin
is administratively taken into account in the level of financial
support; or
(c)
where the guarantees of origin are not issued
directly to the producer but to a supplier or consumer who buys
the energy either in a competitive setting or in a long-term
renewables power purchase agreement
Provided further that in order to take into account
the market value of the guarantee of origin, the rules applicable
to any specific support schemes may allow for guarantees of
origin to be issued to the producer and immediately cancelled.
(15) This regulation shall be applied by all Ministries and
entities which issue support schemes for renewable energy and shall
furthermore be applied without prejudice to Articles 107 and 108
TFEU.
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(1)
Energy producers producing energy from biomass
shall take into account the waste hierarchy established in regulation
4A of the Waste Regulations and shall ensure the application of the
principle of the cascading use of biomass, ensuring that energy from
biomass is produced in a way that minimises undue distortive effects
on the biomass raw material market, and adverse impacts on
biodiversity, the environment and the climate.
(2)
Renewable energy produced from
(a)
biomass in respect of which the obligations
stipulated in sub-regulation (1) have not been complied with;
(b)
the use of saw logs, veneer logs, industrial grade
roundwood, stumps and roots; and
(c)
the incineration of waste in respect of which the
separate collection obligations stipulated in the Waste
Regulations have not been complied with,
shall not be eligible for support, including direct
financial support, by means of any support scheme or
otherwise.
(3)
Support schemes for energy from biofuels, bioliquids and
biomass fuels shall avoid incentivising unsustainable pathways and
distorting competition with the material sectors, with a view to
ensuring that woody biomass is used according to its highest economic
and environmental added value in the following order of priorities
(a)
wood-based products;
(b)
extending the service life of wood-based products;
(c)
re-use;
(d)
recycling;
(e)
bioenergy; and
(f)
disposal.
(4)
The provisions of sub-regulation (1) shall not apply
where
(a)
this is needed to ensure security of energy supply;
(b)
where the local industry is quantitatively or
technically unable to use forest biomass for an economic and
environmental added value that is higher than energy
production, for feedstocks coming from
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(i)
necessary forest management activities,
aiming to ensure pre-commercial thinning operations or
carried out in accordance with national law on wildfire
prevention in high-risk areas;
(ii)
salvage logging following documented
natural disturbances; or
(iii) the harvest of certain woods whose
characteristics are not suitable for local processing
facilities.
(5)
A notification to the Commission shall be made annually
by the Minister in respect of any derogations made pursuant to sub-
regulation (4) together with the reasons for such derogations and the
geographical scale to which they apply.
(6)
No support shall be granted for the production of
electricity from forest biomass in electricity-only installations, unless
such electricity is produced applying biomass carbon dioxide capture
and storage and it meets the requirements established in regulation
3(6) of the Biofuels, Bioliquids and Biomass Fuels (Sustainability
Criteria) Regulations.
(1)
The Minister shall have the right, in accordance
with the provisions of these regulations, to decide to which extent
electricity from renewable sources which is produced in another
Member State is supported. However, the Minister may open
participation in support schemes for electricity from renewable
sources to producers located in other Member States, subject to the
conditions stipulated in this regulation.
(2)
When opening participation in support schemes for
electricity from renewable sources, the Minister may provide that
support for an indicative share of the newly-supported capacity, or of
the budget allocated thereto, in each year is open to producers located
in other Member States.
(3)
The indicative share referred to in sub-regulation (2)
may, in each year, amount to at least five per cent (5%) from 2023 to
2026 and at least ten per cent (10%) from 2027 to 2030 or, where
lower, to the level of interconnectivity of the Member State concerned
in any given year.
(4)
In order to acquire further implementation experience,
the Minister may organise one (1) or more pilot schemes where
support is open to producers located in other Member States.
(5)
The Minister may require proof of physical import of
electricity from renewable sources and, to that end, may limit
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participation in support schemes to producers located in Member
States with which there is a direct connection through interconnectors
Provided that cross-zonal schedules and capacity
allocation due to producers participating in cross-border support
schemes shall not be changed or otherwise affected, and cross-border
electricity transfers shall be determined only by the outcome of
capacity allocation pursuant to Union law on the internal market in
electricity.
(6)
Where the Minister opens participation in support
schemes to producers located in other Member States, agreement on
the principles of such participation covering at least the principles of
allocation of renewable electricity that is the subject of cross-border
support shall be reached with the relevant Member States
Provided that the Minister may, if so required, request the
Commission to assist with the negotiation process.
(1)
Without prejudice to adaptations necessary to
comply with Articles 107 and 108 TFEU, the Minister shall ensure that
the level of, and the conditions attached to, the support granted to
renewable energy projects are not revised in a way that negatively
affects the rights conferred thereunder and undermines the economic
viability of projects that already benefit from support.
(2)
The Minister may adjust the level of support in
accordance with objective criteria, provided that such criteria are
established in the original design of the support scheme.
(3)
The Minister shall publish a long-term schedule
anticipating the expected allocation of support, covering as a
reference, at least the following five (5) years or, in the case of
budgetary planning constraints, the following three (3) years,
including the indicative timing, the frequency of tendering procedures
where appropriate, the expected capacity and budget or maximum
unitary support expected to be allocated, and the expected eligible
technologies, if applicable.
(4)
The schedule referred to in sub-regulation (3) shall be
updated on an annual basis or, where necessary, to reflect recent
market developments or expected allocation of support.
(5)
The Minister shall, at least every (5) five years, carry out
an assessment of
(a)
the effectiveness of
support
schemes
for
electricity from renewable sources;
(b)
the major distributive effects of support schemes
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for electricity from renewable sources on different consumer
groups, and on investments; and
(c)
the effect of possible changes to the support
schemes.
(6)
The assessments referred to in sub-regulation (5) shall be
included in the relevant updates of Malta’s integrated national energy
and climate plans and progress reports in accordance with Regulation
(EU) 2018/1999, and the results thereof shall be taken into account in
the indicative long-term planning governing the decisions of the
support and design of new support.
(1)
The Minister may make arrangements for the
statistical transfer of a specified amount of energy from renewable
sources from Malta to another Member State, or from another Member
State to Malta, as the case may be.
(2)
The transferred amount shall be
(a)
deducted from the amount of energy from
renewable sources that is taken into account in calculating the
renewable energy share of the Member State making the
transfer for the purposes of the Directive; and
(b)
added to the amount of energy from renewable
sources that is taken into account in calculating the renewable
energy share of the Member State accepting the transfer for the
purposes of the Directive.
(3)
The Minister may, for the purposes of sub-regulation (1),
make use of the Union renewable development platform (‘URDP’)
established by the Commission, and may, on a voluntary basis, submit
to the URDP annual data on Malta’s national contributions to the
Union target or any benchmark set for monitoring progress in
Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, including the amount by which Malta is
expected to fall short of or exceed its contribution, and an indication of
the price at which Malta would accept to transfer any excess
production of energy from renewable sources from, or to another
Member State.
(4)
The price of any transfers effected in terms of the
provisions in sub-regulation (3) shall be set on a case-by-case basis
based on the URDP demand-and-supply matching mechanism.
(5)
The arrangements referred to in sub-regulations (1) to (4)
may have a duration of one or more calendar years and shall be
notified by the Minister to the Commission or finalised on the URDP
not later than twelve (12) months after the end of each year in which
they have effect.
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(6)
The information sent to the Commission referred to in
sub-regulation (5) shall include the quantity and price of the energy
involved, and for transfers finalised on the URDP, the parties involved
and the information on the particular transfer shall be disclosed to the
public.
(7) Transfers shall become effective after all Member States
involved in the transfer have notified the transfer to the Commission or
after all clearing conditions are met on the URDP, as applicable.
(1)
The Minister may make arrangements for
cooperation with one (1) or more authorities in one (1) or more other
Member States, or designate an authority or entity to make such
arrangements for cooperation, on all types of joint projects with regard
to the production of electricity, heating or cooling from renewable
sources, where cooperation may also involve private operators.
(2)
By 31 December 2025, the Minister shall agree to
establish a framework for cooperation on joint projects with one (1) or
more other Member States for the production of renewable energy
Provided that by 31 December 2030, the Minister shall
endeavour to agree on establishing at least two joint projects.
(3)
The identification of joint offshore renewable energy
projects shall be consistent with the needs identified in the high-level
strategic integrated offshore network development plans for each sea-
basin referred to in Article 14(2) of Regulation (EU) 2022/869 of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2022 on guidelines
for trans-European energy infrastructure, amending Regulations (EC)
No 715/2009, (EU) 2019/942 and (EU) 2019/943 and Directives 2009/
73/EC and (EU) 2019/944, and repealing Regulation (EU) No 347/
2013, and the Union-wide ten-year network development plan referred
to in Article 30(1)(b) of Regulation (EU) 2019/943, but may go
beyond those needs and may involve local and regional authorities and
private undertakings.
(4)
For joint projects, a fair distribution of the costs and
benefits shall be undertaken, with all the relevant costs and benefits of
the joint project being taken into account in the relevant cooperation
agreements.
(5)
Any cooperation agreements entered into, together with
the date on which the joint projects are expected to become
operational, shall be notified to the Commission.
(6)
Projects financed by national contributions under the
Union renewable energy financing mechanism established by
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1294 of 15
September 2020 on the Union renewable energy financing mechanism
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shall be deemed to satisfy the obligations referred to in sub-regulation
(2) for the Member States involved.
(7)
The Minister shall notify the Commission of the
proportion or amount of electricity, heating or cooling from renewable
sources produced by any joint project located in Malta that became or
becomes operational after 25 June 2009, or by the increased capacity
of an installation that was refurbished after that date, which is to be
regarded as counting towards the renewable energy share of another
Member State for the purposes of the Directive
Provided that units of energy from renewable sources
imputable to an increase in the capacity of an installation shall be
treated as if they were produced by a separate installation becoming
operational at the moment at which the increase of capacity occurred.
(8)
The notification referred to in sub-regulation (7) shall
(a)
describe the proposed installation or identify the
refurbished installation located in Malta;
(b)
specify the proportion or amount of electricity or
heating or cooling produced from the installation which is to be
regarded as counting towards the renewable energy share of the
other Member State;
(c)
identify the Member State in whose favour the
notification is being made; and
(d)
specify the period, in whole calendar years, during
which the electricity or heating or cooling produced by the
installation from renewable sources is to be regarded as
counting towards the renewable energy share of the other
Member State.
(9)
The duration of a joint project as referred to in this
regulation may extend beyond 2030.
(10) A notification made in accordance with this regulation
shall not be varied or withdrawn without the joint agreement of the
relevant Maltese authorities and the relevant authorities of the Member
State identified in accordance with paragraph (c) of sub-regulation (8).
(11) The Minister may request the Commission to facilitate
the establishment of joint projects with other Member States, in
particular by means of dedicated technical assistance and project
development assistance.
(12) On the basis of the indicative goals for offshore
renewable energy generation to be deployed within each sea basin,
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identified in accordance with Article 14 of Regulation (EU) 2022/869
of 30 May 2022 of the European Parliament and of the Council on
guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure, amending
Regulations (EC) No 715/2009, (EU) 2019/942 and (EU) 2019/943
and Directives 2009/73/EC and (EU) 2019/944, and repealing
Regulation (EU) No 347/2013, the Minister shall publish information
on the volumes of offshore renewable energy that are planned to be
achieved through tenders, taking into account technical and economic
feasibility for the grid infrastructure and the activities that already take
place.
(13) The Minister shall endeavour to allocate space for
offshore renewable energy projects in maritime spatial plans, taking
into account the activities that already take place in the affected areas.
(14) In order to facilitate permit-granting for joint offshore
renewable energy projects, the relevant authorities shall reduce the
complexity and increase the efficiency and transparency of the permit-
granting procedure, shall enhance cooperation among themselves and
shall, where appropriate, establish a single contact point.
(1)
Within three (3) months of the end of each year
falling within the period referred to in regulation 27(3)(d), the Minister
shall issue a letter of notification stating
(a)
the total amount of electricity, heating or cooling
produced from renewable sources during that year by the
installation which was the subject of the notification in terms of
regulation 27; and
(b)
the amount of electricity, heating or cooling
produced from renewable sources during that year by such
installation which is to count towards the renewable energy
share of another Member State in accordance with the terms of
the notification.
(2)
The Minister shall submit the letter of notification to the
Member State in whose favour the notification was made and to the
Commission.
(3)
The amount of electricity, heating or cooling from
renewable sources notified in accordance with paragraph (b) of sub-
regulation (1) shall be
(a)
deducted from the amount of electricity, heating
or cooling from renewable sources that is taken into account in
calculating Malta’s renewable energy share for the purposes of
these regulations; and
(b)
added to the amount of electricity, heating or
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cooling from renewable sources that is taken into account in
calculating the renewable energy share of the Member State
receiving the letter of notification pursuant to sub-regulation (2)
for the purposes of the Directive.
(1)
The Minister may make arrangements, or
designate an authority or entity to make such arrangements, for the
purpose of cooperation with one (1) or more third countries on all
types of joint projects with regard to the production of electricity from
renewable sources, where cooperation may also involve private
operators and shall take place in full respect of international law
Provided that such cooperation may also be jointly
entered into with one (1) or more other Member States.
(2)
Electricity from renewable sources produced in a third
country shall be taken into account for the purposes of calculating
Malta’s renewable energy share and, where other Member States are
involved in the cooperation, for the purposes of calculating their
renewable energy shares, only where the following conditions are
satisfied
(a)
the electricity is consumed in the Union, which is
deemed to be satisfied where
(i)
an equivalent amount of electricity to the
electricity accounted for has been firmly nominated to
the allocated interconnection capacity by all responsible
transmission system operators in the country of origin,
the country of destination and, if relevant, each third
country of transit;
(ii)
an equivalent amount of electricity to the
electricity accounted for has been firmly registered in the
schedule of balance by the responsible transmission
system operator on the Union side of an interconnector;
and
(iii) the nominated capacity and the production
of electricity from renewable sources by the installation
referred to in paragraph (b) refer to the same period of
time;
(b)
the electricity is produced by an installation that
became operational after 25th June 2009 or by the increased
capacity of an installation that was refurbished after such date,
under a joint project as referred to in sub-regulation (1)
Provided that units of energy from renewable
sources imputable to an increase in the capacity of an
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installation shall be treated as if they were produced by a
separate installation becoming operational at the moment at
which the increase of capacity occurred;
(c)
the amount of electricity produced and exported
has not received support from a support scheme of a third
country other than investment aid granted to the installation;
and
(d)
the electricity has been produced in accordance
with international law, in a third country that is a signatory to
the Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Human
Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, or other international
conventions or treaties on human rights.
(3)
For the purposes of sub-regulation (4), the Minister may
apply to the Commission for account to be taken of electricity from
renewable sources produced and consumed in a third country, in the
context of the construction of an interconnector with a very long lead-
time between a Member State and a third country where the following
conditions are met
(a)
construction of the interconnector started by 31
December 2026;
(b)
it is not possible for the interconnector to become
operational by 31 December 2030;
(c)
it is possible for the interconnector to become
operational by 31 December 2032;
(d)
after it becomes operational, the interconnector is
to be used for the export of electricity from renewable sources
to the Union, in accordance with sub-regulation (2); and
(e)
the application relates to a joint project that fulfils
the criteria established in paragraphs (b) and (c) of sub-
regulation (2) and that will use the interconnector after it
becomes operational, and refers to a quantity of electricity that
is not greater than the quantity that will be exported to the
Union after the interconnector becomes operational.
(4)
The proportion or amount of electricity produced by any
installation in the territory of a third country, which is to be regarded
as counting towards Malta’s renewable energy share shall be notified
to the Commission by the Minister, and when more than one (1)
Member State is concerned, the distribution between Member States of
such proportion or amount shall be notified to the Commission
Provided that the proportion or amount shall not exceed
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the proportion or amount actually exported to, and consumed in the
Union, shall correspond to the amount referred to in sub-paragraphs (i)
and (ii) of paragraph (a) of sub-regulation (2) and shall satisfy the
conditions established in paragraph (a) of the said sub-regulation.
(5)
The notification referred to in sub-regulation (4) shall
(a)
describe the proposed installation or identify the
refurbished installation;
(b)
specify the proportion or amount of electricity
produced from the installation which is to be regarded as
counting towards Malta’s renewable energy share as well as,
subject to confidentiality requirements, the corresponding
financial arrangements;
(c)
specify the period, in whole calendar years, during
which the electricity is to be regarded as counting towards
Malta’s renewable energy share; and
(d)
include an acknowledgement of paragraphs (b)
and (c) by the third country in whose territory the installation is
to become operational and an indication of the proportion or
amount of electricity produced by the installation which will be
used domestically by such third country.
(6)
The duration of a joint project as referred to in this
regulation may extend beyond 2030.
(7)
A notification made under this regulation shall be varied
or withdrawn only where there is a joint agreement between Malta and
the third country that has acknowledged the joint project in accordance
with paragraph (d) of sub-regulation (5).
(1)
Within twelve (12) months of the end of each year
falling within the period specified under paragraph (c) of sub-
regulation (5) of regulation 29, the Minister shall issue a letter of
notification stating
(a)
the total amount of electricity produced from
renewable sources during that year by the installation which
was the subject of the notification in accordance with regulation
29;
(b)
the amount of electricity produced from
renewable sources during that year by such installation which is
to count towards Malta’s renewable energy share in accordance
with the terms of the notification in accordance with regulation
29; and
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(c)
proof of compliance with the
conditions
established in sub-regulation (2) of regulation 29.
(2)
The Minister shall submit the letter of notification
referred to in sub-regulation (1) to the Commission and to the third
country that has acknowledged the project in accordance with
paragraph (d) of sub-regulation (5) of regulation 29.
(3)
For the purposes of calculating the renewable energy
shares under these regulations, the amount of electricity from
renewable sources notified in accordance with paragraph (b) of sub-
regulation (1) shall be added to the amount of energy from renewable
sources that is taken into account in calculating Malta’s renewable
energy shares.
(1)
Without prejudice to the obligations of the
Minister under regulation 24, the Minister may agree with the relevant
authorities of one or more other Member States, on a voluntary basis,
to join or partly coordinate their national support schemes.
(2)
Where an agreement is reached for the joining or partial
coordination of national support schemes, a certain amount of energy
from renewable sources produced in Malta may count towards the
renewable energy share of another participating Member State, or
vice-versa, provided that Malta and any other Member State
concerned
(a)
make a statistical transfer of specified amounts of
energy from renewable sources in accordance with regulation
26; or
(b)
set up a distribution rule agreed by Malta and any
participating Member State that allocates amounts of energy
from renewable sources between them.
(3)
A distribution rule as referred to in paragraph (b) of sub-
regulation (2) shall be notified by the Minister to the Commission not
later than three (3) months after the end of the first year in which it
takes effect.
(4)
Within three (3) months of the end of each year, where a
notification has been made in accordance with sub-regulation (3), the
Minister shall issue a letter of notification stating the total amount of
electricity or heating or cooling from renewable sources produced
during the year which is to be the subject of the distribution rule.
(5)
For the purposes of calculating the renewable energy
shares under these regulations, the amount of electricity or heating or
cooling from renewable sources notified in accordance with sub-
regulation (4), shall be reallocated between Malta and any Member
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State concerned in accordance with the notified distribution rule.
(6)
The Minister may request the Commission to facilitate
the establishment of joint support schemes between Malta and any
other Member State.
PART V
Administrative and Permitting Procedures for the Deployment of New
Renewable Capacity.
(1)
Any national rules concerning the authorisation,
certification and licensing procedures that are applied to
(a)
plants and associated transmission and
distribution networks for the production of electricity, heating
or cooling from renewable sources;
(b)
the process of transformation of biomass into
biofuels, bioliquids, biomass fuels or other energy products;
and
(c)
renewable transport fuels of non-biological origin;
shall be proportionate and necessary and shall
contribute to the implementation of the energy efficiency first
principle.
(2)
The relevant authorities shall, in particular and to the
extent that this is within the scope of each of their legally established
remits, take the appropriate steps to ensure that
(a)
administrative procedures are streamlined and
expedited at the appropriate administrative level and
predictable timeframes are established for the procedures
referred to in the sub-regulation (1);
(b)
rules concerning authorisation, certification and
licensing are objective, transparent and proportionate, do not
discriminate between applicants and take fully into account the
particularities of individual renewable energy technologies;
(c)
administrative charges paid by consumers,
planners, periti, builders and equipment and system installers
and suppliers are transparent and cost-related; and
(d)
simplified and less burdensome authorisation
procedures, including a simple-notification procedure, are
established for decentralised devices and for producing and
storing energy from renewable sources.
(3)
Pilot projects involving the testing in a real-world
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environment and for a limited period, of innovative renewable energy
technology for producing, sharing and storing of renewable energy
shall be promoted and supported in line with Malta’s National Strategy
for Research and Innovation in Energy and Water 2021-2030.
(4)
All relevant authorities shall ensure that provisions are
included for the integration and deployment of renewable energy,
including for renewables self-consumption and renewable energy
communities, and for the use of unavoidable waste heat and cold when
planning, including early spatial planning, designing, building and
renovating urban infrastructure, industrial, commercial or residential
areas and energy and transport infrastructure, including electricity,
district heating and cooling, natural gas and alternative fuel networks.
(5)
Local and regional administrative bodies are encouraged
to include heating and cooling from renewable sources in the planning
of city infrastructure where appropriate, and to consult the network
operators to reflect the impact of energy efficiency and demand-
response programmes as well as specific provisions on renewables
self-consumption and renewable energy communities, on the
infrastructure development plans of the network operators.
(1)
Existing spatial planning documents and plans
shall form the basis for the coordinated mapping for the deployment of
renewable energy to identify the domestic potential and the available
land surface that is necessary for the installation of renewable energy
plants required in order to meet the national contribution towards the
2030. overall Union renewable energy target for 2030
Provided that the relative related infrastructure, such as
grid and storage facilities, including thermal storage shall be included
in such mapping.
(2)
The areas included in the coordinated mapping exercise
referred to in sub-regulation (1), including the existing renewable
energy plants and cooperation mechanisms shall be
(a)
commensurate with the estimated trajectories and
total planned installed capacity of renewable energy technology
established in Malta’s national energy and climate plans; and
(b)
periodically reviewed and, where necessary,
updated in parallel with the updates of Malta’s national energy
and climate plans.
(3)
For the purposes of identifying the areas referred to in
sub-regulation (1), the following in particular shall be taken into
account
(a)
the availability of energy from renewable sources
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and the potential for renewable energy production of the
different types of technology in the land surface areas;
(b)
the projected demand for energy, whilst taking
into account the potential flexibility of the active demand
response, expected efficiency gains and energy system
integration; and
(c)
the availability of relevant energy infrastructure,
including grids, storage and other flexibility tools or the
potential to create or upgrade such grid infrastructure and
storage.
(4)
Renewable energy projects shall be compatible with the
pre-existing uses of the areas referred to in sub-regulation (1), with
multiple uses being favoured.
(5)
All relevant authorities and local authorities, including
network operators, shall contribute to the coordinated mapping
exercise referred to in sub-regulation (1) and the subsequent updates
thereof referred to in sub-regulation (2)(1)(b) as appropriate, within
the extent of their functions as outlined in their legal remits
Provided that sub-surface and sea or inland water areas
may, where relevant, be considered for inclusion within such updates.
(1)
Areas designated as
(a)
Principal Urban Areas;
(b)
Regional Urban Settlements;
(c)
Small Urban Settlements; and
(d)
Enterprise Hubs,
as spatially identified in the Sixth Schedule and
established in the 2015 Strategic Plan for Environment and
Development shall be deemed to constitute renewables
acceleration areas.
(2)
The designation referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall,
without prejudice to the exclusions established in sub-regulation (3),
apply exclusively to solar photovoltaic systems installed on artificial
and built surfaces, including rooftops of existing buildings or
structures.
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(3)
The designation referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall not
apply to any buildings or structures which
(a)
have been listed or designated as scheduled
buildings or scheduled property under the Development
Planning Act; or
(b)
have been commended for scheduling by the
Superintendent of Cultural Heritage on the grounds of being
considered to constitute cultural property as defined in the
Cultural Heritage Act.
(4)
All renewable installations which are installed within the
areas listed in sub-regulation (1), shall comply with the guidelines and
standards applicable to such installations as established in the
Development Control Design Policy, Guidance and Standards
document, as may be amended from time to time, or as defined in the
Development Notification Order.
(5)
The permit-granting procedures applicable to
installations located within the areas listed in sub-regulation (1), shall
be subject to the time frames established in regulation 38
Provided that where any other provision in these
regulations prescribes a shorter time frame, that shorter time frame
shall apply.
(6)
This regulation shall be without prejudice to the potential
designation by the relevant competent authorities of renewable
acceleration areas, including areas which may be located offshore,
intended to be applicable to solar photovoltaic installations or to other
renewable technologies.
(1)
The designating of renewables acceleration areas
referred to in regulation 34(1), shall include public participation in
accordance with regulation 7 of the Strategic Environmental
Assessment Regulations, including identifying the public affected or
likely to be affected.
(2)
The public acceptance of renewable energy projects shall
be promoted by means of direct and indirect participation of local
communities in those projects.
(1)
One (1) or more plans may be adopted to
designate dedicated infrastructure areas for the development of grid
and storage projects that are necessary to integrate renewable energy
into the electricity system, in cases where such development is not
expected to have a significant environmental impact, such an impact
can be duly mitigated or, where such mitigation is not possible,
compensated for.
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(2)
The aim of the areas referred to in sub-regulation (1)
shall be to support and complement the renewables acceleration areas.
(3)
The plans referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall
(a)
for grid projects, avoid Natura 2000 sites and
areas designated under national protection schemes for nature
and biodiversity conservation, unless there are no proportionate
alternatives for their deployment, taking into account the
objectives of the site;
(b)
for storage projects, exclude Natura 2000 sites
and areas designated under national protection schemes;
(c)
ensure synergies
with
the
designation
of
renewables acceleration areas;
(d)
be subject to a strategic environmental assessment
pursuant to the Strategic Environmental Assessment
Regulations and, where applicable, to an assessment in
accordance with regulation 19 of the Flora, Fauna and Natural
Habitats Protection Regulations;
(e)
establish appropriate and proportionate rules,
including on proportionate mitigation measures which shall be
adopted for the development of grid and storage projects in
order to avoid adverse effects on the environment that may arise
or, where it is not possible to avoid such effects, to significantly
reduce them; and
(f)
be drawn up following consultation with the
relevant infrastructure system operators.
(4)
Grid and storage projects which are necessary to
integrate renewable energy into the electricity system may, under
justified circumstances, including where needed to accelerate the
deployment of renewable energy in order to achieve the climate and
renewable energy targets, be exempted from
(a)
the environmental impact assessment pursuant to
regulation 6(1) of the Environmental Impact Assessment
Regulations;
(b)
an assessment of the implications of the grid and
storage projects for Natura 2000 sites in accordance with
regulation 19 of the Flora, Fauna and Natural Habitats
Protection Regulations; and
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(c)
the assessment of the implications of the grid and
storage projects on species protection in accordance with
regulations 24 and 25 of the Flora, Fauna and Natural Habitats
Protection Regulations and regulation 4(1) of the Conservation
of Wild Birds Regulations
Provided that such grid or storage projects are located in
a dedicated infrastructure area designated in accordance with sub-
regulation (1) and that these shall comply with the rules established,
including on proportionate mitigation measures which shall be adopted
in accordance with paragraph (e) of sub-regulation (3), by way of
derogation from regulations 6(1) and 10(2) of the Environmental
Impact Assessment Regulations and from items 3.4.1.1., 3.4.2.1. and
10.0.2.7 of Schedule I to the said regulations, and by way of
derogation from regulation 19 of the Flora, Fauna and Natural Habitats
Protection Regulations.
(5)
Where grid and storage projects are located in dedicated
infrastructure areas and exempt from the assessments referred to in
sub-regulation (4), they shall be subject to a screening process which
shall be based on existing data from the strategic environmental
assessment pursuant to the Strategic Environmental Assessment
Regulations, provided that project applicants may be requested to
provide additional available information.
(6)
The screening process referred to in sub-regulation (5)
shall be finalised within thirty (30) days from its commencement and
shall aim to identify if projects are highly likely to give rise to
significant unforeseen adverse effects, in view of the environmental
sensitivity of the geographical areas where they are located, which
adverse effects were not identified during the environmental
assessment of the plans designating dedicated infrastructure areas
carried out pursuant to the Strategic Environmental Assessment
Regulations and, where relevant, to the Flora, Fauna and Natural
Habitats Protection Regulations.
(7)
Where the screening process referred to in sub-regulation
(5) identifies a project as being highly likely to give rise to significant
unforeseen adverse effects as referred to in sub-regulation (6),
appropriate and proportionate mitigation measures shall be applied, on
the basis of existing data, to address those effects.
(8)
Where it is not possible to apply the mitigation measures
required in accordance with sub-regulation (7), the operator of the
installation shall be required to adopt appropriate compensatory
measures to address those effects which, if other proportionate
compensatory measures are not available, may take the form of a
monetary compensation for species protection programmes, in order to
ensure or improve the conservation status of the species affected.
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(9)
Where the integration of renewable energy into the
electricity system requires a project to reinforce the grid infrastructure,
within or outside dedicated infrastructure areas, and such a project is
subject to a screening process carried out pursuant to sub-regulation
(5), or to a determination whether the project requires an
environmental impact assessment, or an environmental impact
assessment pursuant to regulation 10 of the Environmental Impact
Assessment Regulations, such a screening process, determination or
environmental impact assessment shall be limited to the potential
impact arising from the change or extension compared to the original
grid infrastructure.
(1)
The permit-granting procedure shall cover all
relevant administrative permits to build, repower and operate
renewable energy plants, including those combining different
renewable energy sources, heat pumps and co-located energy storage,
including power and thermal facilities, as well as assets necessary for
the connection of such plants, heat pumps and storage to the grid and
to integrate renewable energy into heating and cooling networks,
including grid connection permits and where required, environmental
assessments.
(2)
The permit-granting procedure shall comprise all
administrative stages, from the acknowledgment of the completeness
of the permit application in accordance with sub-regulation (3), up to
the notification of the final decision on the outcome of the permit-
granting procedure by the relevant competent authority or authorities.
(3)
Every relevant authority which is responsible for the
issuing of any administrative permit associated with renewable energy
plants, shall acknowledge the completeness of the application or, if the
applicant has not sent all the information required to process the
application, shall request that the applicant submit a complete
application without undue delay
Provided that such acknowledgement or request as the
case may be, shall be provided within thirty (30) days, for renewable
energy plants located in renewables acceleration areas, and within
forty-five (45) days, for renewable energy plants located outside
renewables acceleration areas, from receipt of an application for a
permit.
(4)
The date of acknowledgement of the completeness of the
application by the relevant authority shall indicate the commencement
of the permit-granting procedure.
(5)
An ad hoc set-up made up of the relevant permitting
authorities of which the Regulator of energy services and the
competent authority for development permitting shall be permanent
members, shall act as a single contact point for the entire
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administrative permit application and permit-granting procedure
Provided that any other relevant permitting authority
may be added to the set-up as required.
(6)
The contact point designated in line with sub-regulation
(5) shall, upon the request of the applicant, guide and facilitate the
applicant during the entire administrative permit-application and
permit-granting procedure and the applicant shall not be required to
contact more than one (1) contact point during the entire procedure.
(7)
The contact point designated in line with sub-regulation
(5) shall guide the applicant through the administrative permit-
application procedure, including the steps relating to the protection of
the environment, in a transparent manner until the delivery of one or
more decisions by the competent authorities at the end of the permit-
granting procedure, provide the applicant with all necessary
information and where appropriate, involve other administrative
authorities.
(8)
The contact point designated in line with sub-regulation
(5) shall ensure that the deadlines for the permit-granting procedures
established in these regulations are met.
(9)
All relevant authorities shall allow applicants to submit
relevant documents digitally, provided that by the 21st November
2025, all permit-granting procedures referred to in sub-regulation (1)
shall be carried out in electronic format.
(10) The contact point designated in line with sub-regulation
(5) shall make available a manual of procedures for developers of
renewable energy plants and shall provide such information online,
addressing also distinctly small-scale renewable energy projects,
renewables self-consumers projects and renewable energy
communities.
(11) Should more than one (1) contact point be designated in
line with sub-regulation (5), online information shall indicate the
contact point relevant to the application in question.
(12) Every relevant authority shall ensure that applicants and
the general public have easy access to simple procedures for the
settlement of disputes concerning the permit-granting procedure and
the issuance of permits to build and operate renewable energy plants,
including where applicable, alternative dispute resolution mechanisms.
(13) Administrative and judicial appeals in the context of a
project for the development of a renewable energy plant, the
connection of such plant to the grid, and the assets necessary for the
development of the energy infrastructure networks required to
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integrate energy from renewable sources into the energy system,
including appeals related to environmental aspects, shall be ensured to
be subject to the most expeditious administrative and judicial
procedure that is available.
(14) Every relevant authority shall take into account the
planned installed renewable energy generation capacity provided for in
Malta’s integrated national energy and climate plans submitted in
accordance with Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 to
ensure its staff complement is suitably qualified and to make any plans
for upskilling and reskilling which may be deemed necessary.
(15) Except when it coincides with other administrative stages
of the permit-granting procedure, the duration of the permit-granting
procedure shall not include
(a)
the time during which the renewable energy
plants, their grid connections and, with a view to ensuring grid
stability, grid reliability and safety, the time during which the
related necessary grid infrastructure, is being built or
repowered;
(b)
the time for the administrative stages necessary
for significant upgrades to the grid required for ensuring grid
stability, grid reliability and grid safety;
(c)
the time for any judicial appeals and remedies,
other proceedings before a court or tribunal and alternative
dispute resolution mechanisms, including complaint procedures
and non-judicial appeals and remedies.
(16) All relevant authorities shall make publicly available the
decisions resulting from the permit-granting procedures.
(1)
The permit-granting procedure referred to in
regulation 37 shall not exceed twelve (12) months for renewable
energy projects in a renewables acceleration area and shall not exceed
two (2) years for offshore renewable energy projects in a renewables
acceleration area.
(2)
The time frames referred to in sub-regulation (1) may, on
the ground of extraordinary circumstances, be extended by up to six
(6) months.
(3)
The permit-granting procedure for the following shall not
exceed six (6) months when located in a renewables acceleration area
(a)
the repowering of renewable energy power plants;
(b)
new installations with an electrical capacity of
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less than one hundred and fifty kilowatts (150 kW);
(c)
co-located energy storage, including power and
thermal facilities;
(d)
the grid connection of all of the above
Provided that where justified on the grounds of
extraordinary circumstances, this period may be extended by up
to three (3) months.
(4)
The permit-granting procedure for offshore wind energy
projects located in a renewables acceleration area shall not exceed
twelve (12) months
Provided that where justified on the grounds of
extraordinary circumstances, this period may be extended by up to six
(6) months.
(5)
For the purposes of sub-regulations (2), (3) and (4)
extraordinary circumstances shall include grounds of overriding safety
reasons where the repowering project has a substantial impact on the
grid or on the original capacity, size or performance of the installation,
and where time frames are so extended the relevant authority shall
clearly inform the project developer of the extraordinary
circumstances that justify such an extension.
(6)
Without prejudice to sub-regulations (9) to (16), by way
of derogation from regulation 10(2) of the Environmental Impact
Assessment Regulations and from and from items 3.1.2.1, 10.0.2.7,
3.4.1.1, 3.4.2.1, 10.0.2.2, 3.3.2.1, 3.3.2.2, and 10.0.1.2 and 10.0.2.3
alone or in conjunction with item 10.0.1.1 of Schedule I to the said
regulations, with regard to renewable energy projects, new
applications for renewable energy plants, including plants combining
different types of renewable energy technology and the repowering of
renewable energy power plants in designated renewables acceleration
areas for the relevant technology and co-located energy storage, as
well as the connection of such plants and storage to the grid, shall be
exempt from the requirement to carry out a dedicated environmental
impact assessment pursuant to regulation 6(1) of the said regulations,
provided that those projects comply with paragraph (b) of regulation
34(2).
(7)
The derogation referred to in sub-regulation (6) shall not
apply to projects which are likely to have significant effects on the
environment in another Member State or where a Member State that is
likely to be significantly affected so requests, in accordance with
regulation 25 of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations.
(8)
By way of derogation from to regulation 19 of the Flora,
Fauna and Natural Habitats Protection Regulations, the renewable
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energy plants referred to in sub-regulation (6) shall not be subject to an
assessment of their implications for Natura 2000 sites provided that
those renewable energy projects comply with the rules and measures
established in accordance with paragraph (b) of regulation 34(2).
(9)
The relevant competent authority shall carry out a
screening process of the applications referred to in sub-regulation (6)
which shall aim to identify if any of the renewable energy projects is
highly likely to give rise to significant unforeseen adverse effects in
view of the environmental sensitivity of the geographical areas where
they are located, which were not identified during the environmental
assessment of the plans designating renewables acceleration areas
referred to in sub-regulations (1) and (2) of regulation 34, carried out
pursuant to the Strategic Environmental Assessment Regulations and,
where relevant, to the Flora, Fauna and Natural Habitats Protection
Regulations.
(10) The screening process referred to in sub-regulation (9)
shall also aim to identify if any of such renewable energy projects falls
within the scope of regulation 25 of the Environmental Impact
Assessment Regulations due to its likelihood of significant effects on
the environment in another Member State or due to the request of a
Member State which is likely to be significantly affected.
(11) For the purpose of the screening process referred to in
sub-regulation (9), the project developer shall provide information on
the characteristics of the renewable energy project, on its compliance
with the rules and measures identified pursuant to paragraph (b) of
regulation 34(2), for the specific renewables acceleration area, on any
additional measures adopted by the project developer and on how
those measures address environmental impact
Provided that the relevant competent authorities may
request the project developer to provide additional available
information.
(12) The screening process relating to applications for new
renewable energy plants shall be finalised within forty-five (45) days
from the date of submission of sufficient information necessary for
that purpose
Provided that this time frame shall be reduced to thirty
(30) days in the case of applications for installations with an electrical
capacity of less than one hundred and fifty kilowatts (150 kW) and of
new applications for the repowering of renewable energy power
plants.
(13) Following the screening process referred to in sub-
regulation (9), the applications referred to in sub-regulation (6) shall
be authorised from an environmental perspective without requiring
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any express decision from the competent authority, unless the
competent authority adopts an administrative decision, setting out due
reasons on the basis of clear evidence, to the effect that a specific
project is highly likely to give rise to significant unforeseen adverse
effects in view of the environmental sensitivity of the geographical
area where the project is located that cannot be mitigated by the
measures identified in the plans designating acceleration areas or
proposed by the project developer.
(14) The renewable energy projects likely to give rise to
significant unforeseen adverse effects referred to in sub-regulation
(13) shall be subject to an environmental impact assessment pursuant
to the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations and, if
applicable, to an assessment pursuant to the Flora, Fauna and Natural
Habitats Protection Regulations, which shall be carried out within six
(6) months of the administrative decision identifying a high likelihood
of significant unforeseen adverse effects
Provided that the six (6) month period may, where duly
justified on the grounds of extraordinary circumstances, be extended
by up to a maximum of a further six (6) months.
(15) In the event of justified circumstances, including where
needed to accelerate the deployment of renewable energy to achieve
the climate and renewable energy targets, wind and solar photovoltaic
projects may, without prejudice to sub-regulation (16), be exempt from
the assessments referred to in sub-regulation (14).
(16) Where wind and solar photovoltaics projects are exempt
from the assessments referred to in sub-regulation (14), the operator
shall adopt proportionate mitigation measures or, where such
mitigation measures are not available, compensatory measures which,
in the absence of the latter, may take the form of monetary
compensation, in order to address any adverse effects
Provided that where those adverse effects have an impact
on species protection, the operator shall pay a monetary compensation
for species protection programmes for the duration of the operation of
the renewable energy plant in order to ensure or improve the
conservation status of the species affected.
(17) In the permit-granting procedure referred to in sub-
regulations (1) to (5), the absence of a reply by any relevant competent
authority within the established deadline shall result in the relevant
intermediary administrative steps being deemed approved, but only
where administrative tacit approval is provided for by such competent
authority for that part of the permit-granting procedure
Provided that tacit approval shall in no case be applicable
where the specific renewable energy project is subject to an
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environmental impact assessment pursuant to sub-regulations (13) and
(14) and shall furthermore not apply to final decisions on the outcome
of the permit-granting procedure, which shall be explicit.
(18) The decisions related to the permit-granting procedure
referred to in sub-regulations (13) and (17) shall be made publicly
available.
(1)
The permit-granting procedure referred to in
regulation 37(1) shall not exceed two (2) years for renewable energy
projects located outside renewables acceleration areas provided that in
the case of offshore renewable energy projects, the permit-granting
procedure shall not exceed three (3) years.
(2)
The time frames referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall be
subject to the project developer complying with reasonable time
frames established by each relevant authority for the submission of
any required documentation, provided that, where duly justified on the
grounds of extraordinary circumstances, including the extension of
periods required for assessments in accordance with the applicable
Union environmental legislation, any of those periods may be
extended by up to a maximum of six (6) months, and in such case the
project developer shall be clearly informed of the extraordinary
circumstances that justify such an extension.
(3)
Where an environmental assessment is required pursuant
to the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations or the Flora,
Fauna and Natural Habitats Protection Regulations as part of the
permit-granting procedure for renewable energy projects located
outside renewables acceleration areas, it shall be carried out in a single
procedure that combines all relevant assessments for the given
renewable energy project, and the relevant authority, taking into
account the information provided by the project developer, shall issue
an opinion on the scope and level of detail of the information to be
included by the project developer in the environmental impact
assessment report, of which the scope shall not be subsequently
extended.
(4)
Where a renewable energy project has adopted the
necessary mitigation measures, any killing or disturbance of the
species protected in accordance with regulations 24 and 25 of the
Flora, Fauna and Natural Habitats Protection Regulations and
regulation 4(1) of the Conservation of Wild Birds Regulations shall
not be considered to be deliberate.
(5)
Where novel mitigation measures to prevent, to the
extent possible, the killing or disturbance of species protected under
the Flora, Fauna and Natural Habitats Protection Regulations and the
Conservation of Wild Birds Regulations, or to prevent any other
environmental impact, have not been widely tested as regards their
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effectiveness, their use may be allowed for one (1) or several pilot
projects for a limited time period, provided that the effectiveness of
such mitigation measures is closely monitored and appropriate steps
are immediately taken if they do not prove to be effective.
(6)
The permit-granting procedure shall not exceed twelve
(12) months for land-based, or two (2) years for offshore projects of
the following types when located outside renewables acceleration
areas
(a)
the repowering of renewable energy power plants;
(b)
new installations with an electrical capacity of
less than one hundred and fifty kilowatts (150 kW);
(c)
co-located energy storage;
(d)
the connection to the grid for the projects
described in paragraphs (a) to (c).
(7)
The time frames established in sub-regulation (6) shall
include any environmental assessments which may be required by the
relevant law and either one may, where duly justified on the grounds of
extraordinary circumstances, be extended by up to a maximum of (3)
three months subject to the project developer being clearly informed of
the extraordinary circumstances that justify such an extension.
(1)
Where the repowering of a renewable energy
power plant does not result in an increase of the capacity of said
renewable energy power plant beyond fifteen percent (15%), and
without prejudice to any assessment of potential environmental impact
required pursuant to sub-regulations (2) and (3), the applicable time
frame for granting connections to the transmission or distribution grid
shall not exceed three (3) months following notification to the relevant
authority unless there are justified safety concerns or there is technical
incompatibility of the system components.
(2)
Where the repowering of a renewable energy power plant
is subject to the screening process provided for in regulation 38(9), to
a determination as to whether the project requires an environmental
impact assessment, or to an environmental impact assessment pursuant
to regulation 10 of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations,
such a determination or environmental impact assessment shall be
limited to the potential impact arising from a change or extension
compared to the original project.
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(3)
Where the repowering of a solar installation does not
entail the use of additional space and complies with the applicable
environmental mitigation measures established for the original solar
installation, the project shall be exempt from any applicable
requirements to carry out a screening process provided for in
regulation 38(9), to determine whether the project requires an
environmental impact assessment, or the carrying out of an
environmental impact assessment pursuant to regulation 10 of the
Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations.
(1)
The relevant authorities shall ensure that the
permit-granting procedure referred to in regulation 37 for the
installation of solar energy equipment and co-located energy storage,
including building-integrated solar installations, in existing or future
artificial structures, with the exclusion of artificial water surfaces,
shall not exceed three (3) months, provided that the primary aim of
such artificial structures is not solar energy production or energy
storage.
(2)
Certain areas or structures may be excluded from the
application of the time frame established in sub-regulation (1) for the
purpose of protecting cultural or historical heritage, national defence
interests, or safety reasons.
(3)
By way of derogation from regulation 10(2) of the
Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations, and from items
3.1.2.1, 3.4.2.1 and 10.0.2.7, alone or in conjunction with item
13.0.1.1 of Schedule I to the said regulations, the installation of solar
equipment referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall be exempt from the
requirement, if applicable, to carry out a dedicated environmental
impact assessment pursuant to regulation 6(1) of the said regulations.
(4)
The relevant authorities shall ensure that the permit-
granting procedure for the installation of solar energy equipment with
a capacity of one hundred kilowatts (100 kW) or less, including for
renewables self-consumers and renewable energy communities, shall
not exceed one (1) month.
(5)
In respect of the permit-granting procedure referred to in
sub-regulation (4), the lack of reply by the relevant authorities or
entities within the established deadline following the submission of a
complete application shall result in the permit being considered as
granted, provided that the capacity of the solar energy equipment does
not exceed the existing capacity of the connection to the distribution
grid.
(6)
Where the application of the capacity threshold referred
to in sub-regulation (4) leads to a significant administrative burden or
to constraints to the operation of the electricity grid, a lower capacity
threshold may be applied, which shall in all cases, remain above ten
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point eight kilowatts (10.8 kW).
(1)
The relevant authorities shall ensure that any
permit-granting procedure which may be applicable to the installation
of heat pumps below fifty megawatts (50 MW) shall not exceed one
(1) month, provided that in the case of ground source heat pumps, any
applicable permit-granting procedure shall not exceed three (3)
months.
(2)
The relevant authorities shall ensure that connections to
the transmission or distribution grid shall be permitted within two (2)
weeks of the notification to the relevant entity for
(a)
heat pumps of up to twelve kilowatts (12 kW)
electrical capacity; and
(b)
heat pumps of up to fifty kilowatts (50 kW)
electrical capacity installed by renewables self-consumers,
provided that the electrical capacity of a renewables self-
consumer’s renewable electricity generation installation
amounts to at least sixty percent (60%) of the electrical capacity
of the heat pump.
(3)
The time frame established in sub-regulation (2) shall not
be applicable where
(a)
there are justified safety concerns; or
(b)
further works are required for grid connections; or
(c)
there is technical incompatibility of the system
components.
(4)
Relevant authorities may exclude certain areas or
structures from the application of sub-regulations (1) and (2) for the
purpose of protecting cultural or historical heritage, national defence
interests or safety reasons.
(5)
Relevant authorities shall make all decisions resulting
from the permit-granting procedure referred to in this regulation
publicly available in accordance with any applicable laws.
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(1)
Until climate neutrality is achieved, the relevant
authorities shall ensure that, in the permit-granting procedure, the
planning, construction and operation of renewable energy plants, the
connection of such plants to the grid, the related grid itself and storage
assets are presumed as being in the overriding public interest and
serving public health and safety when balancing legal interests in
individual cases for the purposes of regulations 19(2), 19(3) and 44(c)
of the Flora, Fauna and Natural Habitats Protection Regulations,
regulation 5(7) of the Water Policy Framework Regulations, and
paragraphs (a) to (d) of regulation 9(1) of the Conservation of Wild
Birds Regulations.
(2)
In duly justified and specific circumstances, the
application of sub-regulation (1) may be restricted to certain parts of
the Maltese territory, to certain types of technology or to projects with
certain technical characteristics in accordance with the priorities
established in Malta’s integrated national energy and climate plans
submitted pursuant to Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/
1999, subject to the Commission being informed of such restrictions,
together with the reasons therefore.
(1)
The Regulator shall establish a simple-notification
procedure for grid connections by which installations or aggregated
production units of renewables self-consumers and demonstration
projects, with an electrical capacity of ten point eight kilowatts (10.8
kW) or less, or of a capacity which is equivalent thereto for
connections other than three-phase connections, shall be connected to
the grid following a notification to the distribution system operator.
(2)
The distribution system operator may, within a limited
period following the notification referred to in sub-regulation (1),
reject the requested grid connection or propose an alternative grid
connection point on justified grounds of safety concerns or technical
incompatibility of the system components
Provided that the installation or aggregated production
unit may be connected in the case of a positive decision by the
distribution system operator, or in the absence of a decision by the
distribution system operator within one month following the
notification.
(3)
The Regulator may allow a simple-notification procedure
for installations or aggregated production units with an electrical
capacity of above ten point eight kilowatts (10.8 kW) and up to fifty
kilowatts (50 kW), provided that grid stability, grid reliability and grid
safety are maintained.
(1)
Where relevant, the Regulator shall require
transmission system operators and distribution system operators in
Malta to publish technical rules in accordance with regulation 10 of
SOURCES
the Natural Gas Market Regulations, in particular regarding network
connection rules that include gas quality, gas odoration and gas
pressure requirements.
(2)
The Regulator shall require transmission and distribution
system operators to publish the connection tariffs to connect gas from
renewable sources based on objective, transparent and non-
discriminatory criteria.
(3)
Subject to the assessment included in the integrated
national energy and climate plans submitted pursuant to Articles 3 and
14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 and in accordance with Annex I to
the said Regulation on the necessity to build new infrastructure for
district heating and cooling from renewable sources in order to achieve
the overall Union target referred to in regulation 3(1) the Minister
shall, where relevant, take the necessary steps with a view to
developing efficient district heating and cooling infrastructure to
promote heating and cooling from renewable sources, such as solar
thermal energy, solar photovoltaic energy, renewable electricity driven
heat pumps using ambient energy and geothermal energy, other
geothermal energy technology, biomass, biogas, bioliquids and waste
heat and cold, where possible in combination with thermal energy
storage, demand-response systems and power to heat installations.
(1)
The distribution system operator designated in
accordance with regulation 27 of the Electricity Regulations shall
make available data on the share of renewable electricity and the
greenhouse gas emissions content of the electricity supplied, as
accurately as possible in intervals of not more than one (1) hour, with
forecasting where available.
(2)
The Minister shall provide incentives for upgrades of
smart grids for better grid balance monitoring and for real time data
availability.
(3)
Where this is technically available, the distribution
system operator shall also make available anonymised and aggregated
data on the demand response potential and the renewable electricity
generated and injected to the grid by self-consumers and renewable
energy communities.
(4)
The data referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall be made
available digitally in a manner that ensures interoperability on the
basis of harmonised data formats and standardised data sets so that it
can be used in a non-discriminatory manner by electricity market
participants, aggregators, consumers and end-users, and that it can be
read by electronic communication devices such as smart metering
systems, electric vehicle recharging points, heating and cooling
systems and building energy management systems.
SOURCES
(5)
In addition to the requirements stipulated in Regulation
(EU) 2023/1804, non-publicly accessible normal power recharging
points which are new or being replaced shall support smart recharging
functionalities and, where appropriate, the interface with smart metering
systems, and bi-directional recharging functionalities in accordance with
the requirements of Article 15(3) and (4) of the said Regulation.
(6)
In addition to the requirements stipulated in Regulation
(EU) 2019/943 and the Electricity Regulations, small or mobile
systems such as domestic batteries and electric vehicles and other
small, decentralised energy sources shall be entitled to participate in
the electricity markets, including congestion management and the
provision of flexibility and balancing services, including through
aggregation
Provided that to this end the Minister in cooperation with
all market participants and regulatory authorities, shall establish the
technical requirements for participation in the electricity markets, on
the basis of the technical characteristics of those systems
Provided further that this shall be without prejudice to
Malta’s exercise of the derogations from Articles 4 and 6 of Directive
(EU) 2019/944.
(7)
A level playing field and non-discriminatory
participation in the electricity markets shall be ensured for small,
decentralised energy assets or mobile systems.
(8)
This regulation shall apply without prejudice to Malta’s
right to exercise the derogations granted pursuant to Article 66 of
Directive (EU) 2019/944.
(1)
The deployment of renewable electricity to a level
that is consistent with Malta’s contribution to the Union’s targets and
at a pace that is consistent with the indicative trajectories referred to in
point (a)(2) of Article 4 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 shall, without
prejudice to Malta’s exercise of the derogations from Articles 4 and 6
of Directive (EU) 2019/944, be enabled by the applicability of
regulation 54A of the Electricity Regulations which shall, subject to
the conditions therein, provide for the purchase of all renewable
electricity produced in Malta and exported to the grid.
(2)
A summary of the policies and measures addressing
barriers to a high level of renewable electricity supply, including those
related to permit-granting procedures and to the development of the
necessary transmission, distribution and storage infrastructure,
including co-located energy storage, where such barriers are not
associated with the exercise of the derogations referred to in sub-
regulation (1), together with an assessment of their implementation,
SOURCES
shall be included in the integrated national energy and climate plans
submitted pursuant to Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999
and in the integrated national energy and climate progress reports
submitted pursuant to Article 17 of the said Regulation.
(3)
The policies and measures referred to in sub-regulation
(2) shall take into account the additional renewable electricity required
to meet demand in the transport, industry, building and heating and
cooling sectors and for the production of renewable fuels of non-
biological origin.
(4)
Based on the outcome of the relative assessments of any
existing regulatory and administrative barriers to long-term renewable
energy purchase agreements, where such regulatory and administrative
barriers are independent of Malta’s exercise of the derogations from
Articles 4 and 6 of Directive (EU) 2019/944, the Minister shall,
without prejudice to the continued exercise of such derogations,
remove unjustified barriers to, and promote the uptake of, such
agreements, including by exploring how to reduce the financial risks
associated with them, in particular by using credit guarantees
Provided that during the subsistence of the exercise of
such derogations, regulation 54A of the Electricity Regulations shall
continue to apply to the purchase of all renewable electricity produced
in Malta and exported to the grid, subject to the conditions therein.
(5)
The agreements referred to in sub-regulation (4) shall not
be subject to disproportionate or discriminatory procedures or charges,
and any associated guarantees of origin shall be transferable to the
buyer of the renewable energy under the renewable energy purchase
agreement.
(6)
Any policies and measures promoting the uptake of the
renewable energy purchase agreements referred to in sub-regulation
(4) shall be described in Malta’s integrated national energy and climate
plans submitted pursuant to Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU)
2018/1999 and the integrated national energy and climate progress
reports submitted pursuant to Article 17 of the said Regulation.
(7)
The progress reports referred to in sub-regulation (6)
shall also provide an indication of renewable energy generation that is
supported by renewable energy purchase agreements.
(8)
Sub-regulations (4) and (5) shall be without prejudice to
the exercise of the derogations granted under Article 66 of Directive
(EU) 2019/944.
PART VI
Miscellaneous
SOURCES
(1)
The Regulator may impose an administrative
penalty upon any person who infringes any provision of these
regulations or who fails to comply with any directive or decision given
by the Regulator in ensuring compliance with these regulations.
(2)
An administrative penalty imposed under sub-regulation
(1) shall not exceed one hundred thousand euro (€100,000) for each
breach.
(3)
An administrative penalty imposed under sub-regulation
(1) shall follow the procedure applicable thereto in accordance with
article 13 of the Act and any appeal therefrom shall be made in
accordance with Part VI of the Act.
2
fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
sugar beet ethanol (with biogas from slop, lignite as
27.6
33.9
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in
48.5
8
conventional boiler)
corn (maize) ethanol, (natural gas as process fuel in CHP
42.5
48.5
plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (lignite as process fuel in CHP
56.3
5
żejt veġetali safi miż-żejt tal-palm (proċess bil-qbid tal-metan fil-mitħna taż-
38.5
40.3
żejt)
żejt safi mill-iskart taż-żejt tat-tisjir
2.0
( *1 ) Valuri awtomatiċi għall-ipproċessar bl-użu tas-CHP huma validi biss jekk is-sħana tal-proċess hija fornuta
kollha bis-CHP.
( *2 ) Nota: tapplika biss għal bijokarburanti prodotti minn prodotti sekondarji tal-annimali kklassifikat bħala
materjal tal-kategorija 1 u 2 skont ir-Regolament (KE) Nru 1069/2009, li għalihom l-emissjonijiet relatati mal-
iġenizzazzjoni bħala parti mit-tħin fin (rendering) mhumiex ikkunsidrati.
Taqsima E.
VALURI AWTOMATIĊI DIŻAGGREGATI STMATI GĦALL-BIJOKARBURANTI U L-BIJOLIKWIDI
FUTURI LI MA KINUX FIS-SUQ JEW LI KIENU FIS-SUQ FI KWANTITAJIET NEGLIĠIBBLI BISS FL-
Valuri awtomatiċi diżaggregati għall-kultivazzjoni: “e ec ” kif definit fit-Taqsima Ċ ta' din l-Iskeda, inkluż l-
emissjonijiet tan-N 2 O (inkluż it-tqattigħ tal-iskart tal-injam u l-injam ikkoltivat)
Mogħdija tal-produzzjoni tal-bijokarburanti u bijolikwidi
Emissjonijiet ta' Emissjonijiet ta'
gassijiet serra - gassijiet serra -
valur tipiku valur awtomatiku
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
etanol tat-tiben tal-qamħ
1.8
1.8
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
3.3
3.3
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
8.2
8.2
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f’impjant awtonomu
3.3
3.3
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f’impjant awtonomu
8.2
8.2
dimetileter (DME) mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
3.1
3.1
dimetileter DME mill-injam ikkoltivat f'impjant awtonomu
7.6
7.6
metanol mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
3.1
3.1
metanol mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
7.6
7.6
diżil Fischer Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-
2.5
2.5
polpa
petrol Fischer Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-
2.5
2.5
polpa
dimetileter DME mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-polpa
2.5
2.5
Metanol mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-polpa
2.5
2.5
il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta' MTBE
Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata
għall-produzzjoni ta' metanol
Valuri diżaggregati awtomatiċi għall-emissjonijiet tal-N 2 O tal-ħamrija (inklużi l-valuri diżaggregati awtomatiċi
għall-emissjonijiet tal-kultivazzjoni fit-tabella “e ec ”)
Mogħdija tal-produzzjoni tal-bijokarburanti u bijolikwidi
etanol tat-tiben tal-qamħ
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
dimetileter (DME) mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
dimetileter DME mill-injam ikkoltivat f'impjant awtonomu
metanol mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
metanol mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-polpa
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-
polpa
dimetileter DME mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-polpa
Metanol mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-polpa
il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta' MTBE
Valuri awtomatiċi diżaggregati għall-ipproċessar: “e p ” kif definit fit-Taqsima Ċ ta' din l-Iskeda
Mogħdija tal-produzzjoni tal-bijokarburanti u bijolikwidi
etanol tat-tiben tal-qamħ
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
dimetileter (DME) mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
dimetileter (DME) mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
metanol mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
metanol mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
diżil Fischer - Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-
polpa
petrol Fischer Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-
polpa
dimetileter DME mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-polpa
Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata għall-produzzjoni ta' metanol
il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta' MTBE
Valuri diżaggregati awtomatiċi għat-trasport u d-distribuzzjoni: “e td ” kif definit fit-Taqsima Ċ ta' din l-Iskeda
Mogħdija tal-produzzjoni tal-bijokarburanti u bijolikwidi
Emissjonijiet ta' Emissjonijiet ta'
gassijiet serra - gassijiet serra -
etanol tat-tiben tal-qamħ
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f’impjant awtonomu
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f’impjant awtonomu
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
dimetileter (DME) mill-iskart tal-injam f’impjant awtonomu
dimetileter (DME) mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
metanol mill-iskart tal-injam f’impjant awtonomu
metanol mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
diżil Fischer - Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-
polpa
petrol Fischer Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-
polpa
dimetileter (DME) mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-polpa
Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata għall-produzzjoni ta' metanol
il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta' MTBE
Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata
għall-produzzjoni ta' metanol
Valuri diżaggregati awtomatiċi għat-trasport u d-distribuzzjoni ta' karburanti finali biss. Dawn diġà huma inklużi
fit-tabella ta' “emissjonijiet tat-trasport u d-distribuzzjoni e td ” kif definita fit-Taqsima Ċ ta' din l-Iskeda, iżda l-
valuri li ġejjin huma utli jekk operatur ekonomiku jixtieq jiddikjara emissjonijiet tat-trasport attwali għat-trasport
tal-materja prima biss).
Mogħdija tal-produzzjoni tal-bijokarburanti u bijolikwidi
Emissjonijiet ta'
gassijiet serra -
valur tipiku
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
etanol tat-tiben tal-qamħ
1.6
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
1.2
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
1.2
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
1.2
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
1.2
dimetileter (DME) mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
2.0
dimetileter (DME) mill-injam ikkoltivat f'impjant awtonomu
2.0
metanol mill-iskart tal-injam f'impjant awtonomu
2.0
metanol mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
2.0
diżil Fischer Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal- 2.0
polpa
petrol Fischer Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat 2.0
mal-polpa
dimetileter (DME) mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal- 2.0
polpa
Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata għall-produzzjoni ta' metanol
2.0
il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta' MTBE
Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata għall-
produzzjoni ta' metanol
Total għall-kultivazzjoni, l-ipproċessar, it-trasport u d-distribuzzjoni
Mogħdija tal-produzzjoni tal-bijokarburanti u bijolikwidi
Emissjonijiet ta'
etanol tat-tiben tal-qamħ
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f’impjant awtonomu
diżil Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-iskart tal-injam f’impjant awtonomu
petrol Fischer-Tropsch mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
dimetileter (DME) mill-iskart tal-injam f’impjant awtonomu
dimetileter (DME) mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
metanol mill-iskart tal-injam f’impjant awtonomu
metanol mill-injam imkabbar f'impjant awtonomu
diżil Fischer - Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat
mal-polpa
petrol Fischer Tropsch mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat
mal-polpa
dimetileter DME mill-gassifikazzjoni tal-likur iswed integrat mal-
polpa
Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata għall-produzzjoni ta' metanol
Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata għall-
il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta' MTBE
produzzjoni ta' metanol
8
plant ( *1 ))
corn (maize) ethanol (forest residues as process fuel in
29.5
30.3
CHP plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (natural gas as
50.2
58.5
process fuel in conventional boiler)
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (natural gas as
44.3
50.3
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (lignite as process
59.5
7
fuel in CHP plant ( *1 ))
other cereals excluding maize ethanol (forest residues as
30.7
31.4
process fuel in CHP plant ( *1 )
sugar cane ethanol
28.1
28.6
the part from renewable sources of ETBE
Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway
used
the part from renewable sources of TAEE
Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway
used
rape seed biodiesel
45.5
50.1
sunflower biodiesel
40.0
44.7
soybean biodiesel
42.2
47.0
palm oil biodiesel (open effluent pond)
63.3
5
palm oil biodiesel (process with methane capture at oil
46.1
51.4
mill)
waste cooking oil biodiesel
11.2
14.9
*1
animals fats from rendering biodiesel ( )
15.2
20.7
hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed
45.8
50.1
hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower
39.4
43.6
hydrotreated vegetable oil from soybean
42.2
46.5
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (open effluent
62.1
73.2
pond)
hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process with
44.0
47.9
methane capture at oil mill)
hydrotreated oil from waste cooking oil
11.9
16.0
*2
hydrotreated oil from animal fats from rendering ( )
16.0
21.8
pure vegetable oil from rape seed
38.5
40.0
pure vegetable oil from sunflower
32.7
34.3
pure vegetable oil from soybean
35.2
36.9
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (open effluent pond)
56.4
65.5
pure vegetable oil from palm oil (process with methane
38.5
40.3
capture at oil mill)
pure oil from waste cooking oil
2.0
2.2
*1
( ) Default values for processes using CHP are valid only if all the process heat is supplied by CHP.
( *2 ) Note: applies only to biofuels produced from animal by-products classified as category 1 and 2 material in
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009, for which emissions related to hygenisation as part of the
rendering are not considered.
Part E.
ESTIMATED DISAGGREGATED DEFAULT VALUES FOR FUTURE BIOFUELS AND BIOLIQUIDS
THAT WERE NOT ON THE MARKET OR WERE ONLY ON THE MARKET IN NEGLIGIBLE
QUANTITIES IN 2016
Disaggregated default values for cultivation: ‘e ec ’ as defined in Part C of this Schedule, including N 2 O emissions
(including chipping of waste or farmed wood)
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions –
typical value
default value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
wheat straw ethanol
1.8
1.8
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-standing
3.3
3.3
plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-standing
8.2
8.2
plant
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-standing
3.3
3.3
plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-standing
8.2
8.2
plant
waste wood dimethylether (DME) in free-standing
3.1
3.1
plant
farmed wood dimethylether (DME) in free-standing
7.6
7.6
plant
waste wood methanol in free-standing plant
3.1
3.1
farmed wood methanol in free-standing plant
7.6
7.6
Fischer-Tropsch diesel from black-liquor gasification
2.5
2.5
integrated with pulp mill
Fischer-Tropsch petrol from black-liquor gasification
2.5
2.5
integrated with pulp mill
dimethylether (DME) from black-liquor gasification
2.5
2.5
integrated with pulp mill
Methanol from black-liquor gasification integrated
2.5
2.5
with pulp mill
the part from renewable sources of MTBE
Equal to that of the methanol production pathway
used
Disaggregated default values for soil N 2 O emissions (included in disaggregated default values for cultivation
emissions in the ‘e ec ’ table)
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions –
typical value
default value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
wheat straw ethanol
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-
standing plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-
4.4
4.4
standing plant
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-
standing plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-
4.4
4.4
standing plant
waste wood dimethylether (DME) in free-
standing plant
farmed wood dimethylether (DME) in free-
4.1
4.1
standing plant
waste wood methanol in free-standing plant
farmed wood methanol in free-standing plant
4.1
4.1
Fischer-Tropsch diesel from black-liquor
gasification integrated with pulp mill
Fischer-Tropsch petrol from black-liquor
gasification integrated with pulp mill
dimethylether (DME) from black-liquor
gasification integrated with pulp mill
Methanol from black-liquor
gasification
integrated with pulp mill
the part from renewable sources of MTBE
Equal to that of the methanol production pathway used
Disaggregated default values for processing: ‘e p ’ as defined in Part C of this Schedule
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions – default
typical value
value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
wheat straw ethanol
4.8
6.8
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-
0.1
0.1
standing plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-
0.1
0.1
standing plant
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-
0.1
0.1
standing plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-
0.1
0.1
standing plant
waste wood dimethylether (DME) in free-
standing plant
farmed wood dimethylether (DME) in free-
standing plant
waste wood methanol in free-standing plant
farmed wood methanol in free-standing plant
Fischer-Tropsch diesel from black-liquor
gasification integrated with pulp mill
Fischer-Tropsch petrol from black-liquor
gasification integrated with pulp mill
dimethylether (DME) from black-liquor
gasification integrated with pulp mill
methanol from black-liquor
gasification
integrated with pulp mill
the part from renewable sources of MTBE
Equal to that of the methanol production pathway used
Disaggregated default values for transport and distribution: ‘e td ’ as defined in Part C of this Schedule
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions –
typical value
default value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
wheat straw ethanol
7.1
7.1
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-standing
12.2
12.2
plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-standing
8.4
8.4
plant
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-standing
12.2
12.2
plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-standing
8.4
8.4
plant
waste wood dimethylether (DME) in free-standing plant
12.1
12.1
farmed wood dimethylether (DME) in free-standing
8.6
8.6
plant
waste wood methanol in free-standing plant
12.1
12.1
farmed wood methanol in free-standing plant
8.6
8.6
Fischer-Tropsch diesel from black-liquor gasification
7.7
7.7
integrated with pulp mill
Fischer-Tropsch petrol from black-liquor gasification
7.9
7.9
integrated with pulp mill
dimethylether (DME) from black-liquor gasification
7.7
7.7
integrated with pulp mill
methanol from black-liquor gasification integrated with
7.9
7.9
pulp mill
the part from renewable sources of MTBE
Equal to that of the methanol production pathway
used
Disaggregated default values for transport and distribution of final fuel only. These are already included in the
table of ‘transport and distribution emissions e td ’ as defined in Part C of this Schedule, but the following values
are useful if an economic operator wishes to declare actual transport emissions for feedstock transport only).
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions –
typical value
default value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
wheat straw ethanol
1.6
1.6
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-standing
1.2
1.2
plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-standing
1.2
1.2
plant
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-standing
1.2
1.2
plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-standing
1.2
1.2
plant
waste wood dimethylether (DME) in free-standing
2.0
2.0
plant
farmed wood dimethylether (DME) in free-standing
2.0
2.0
plant
waste wood methanol in free-standing plant
2.0
2.0
farmed wood methanol in free-standing plant
2.0
2.0
Fischer-Tropsch diesel from black-liquor gasification
2.0
2.0
integrated with pulp mill
Fischer-Tropsch petrol from black-liquor gasification
2.0
2.0
integrated with pulp mill
dimethylether (DME) from black-liquor gasification
2.0
2.0
integrated with pulp mill
methanol from black-liquor gasification integrated
2.0
2.0
with pulp mill
the part from renewable sources of MTBE
Equal to that of the methanol production pathway
used
Total for cultivation, processing, transport and distribution
Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway
Greenhouse gas emissions –
Greenhouse gas emissions –
typical value
default value
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
(g CO 2 eq/MJ)
wheat straw ethanol
13.7
15.7
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-standing
15.6
15.6
plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch diesel in free-standing
16.7
16.7
plant
waste wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-standing
15.6
15.6
plant
farmed wood Fischer-Tropsch petrol in free-standing
16.7
16.7
plant
waste wood dimethylether (DME) in free-standing
15.2
15.2
plant
farmed wood dimethylether (DME) in free-standing
16.2
16.2
plant
waste wood methanol in free-standing plant
15.2
15.2
farmed wood methanol in free-standing plant
16.2
16.2
Fischer-Tropsch diesel from black-liquor gasification
10.2
10.2
integrated with pulp mill
Fischer-Tropsch petrol from black-liquor gasification
10.4
10.4
integrated with pulp mill
dimethylether (DME) from black-liquor gasification
10.2
10.2
integrated with pulp mill
methanol from black-liquor gasification integrated with
10.4
10.4
pulp mill
the part from renewable sources of MTBE
Equal to that of the methanol production pathway
used