Biofuels (Sustainability Criteria) Regulations, 2010

B

L.N. 553 of 2010

MALTA RESOURCES AUTHORITY ACT

(CAP. 423)

Biofuels (Sustainability Criteria) Regulations, 2010

IN EXERCISE of the powers conferred by article 28 (1) and

article 32 of the Malta Resources Authority Act, the Minister for

Resources and Rural Affairs, after consultation with the Malta

Resources Authority has made the following regulations:-

(1) The title of these regulations is the Biofuels

(Sustainability Criteria) Regulations, 2010.

(2) These regulations give effect to Articles 17, 18, 19

and 21 of Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of

the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy

from renewable sources, and amending and subsequently repealing

Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC. These regulations

also give effect to paragraphs (b), (c), (d) and (e) of article 7 of

Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council

of 13 October 1998 relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels

as amended by Directive 2009/30/EC.

(3) These regulations have been notified in terms

of Directive 98/34/EC, as amended by Directive 98/48/EC, as

transposed by the Notification Procedure Regulations, 2003.

(1) For the purposes of these regulations, and unless the

context otherwise requires

“actual value” means the greenhouse gas emission

saving for some or all of the steps of a specific biofuel

production process calculated in accordance with the

methodology laid down in Part C of the Schedule to these

regulations;

“aerothermal energy” means energy stored in the form

of heat in the ambient air;

“the Authority” means the Malta Resources Authority;

“biofuels” means liquid or gaseous fuel for transport

produced from biomass;

B

“bioliquids” means liquid fuel for energy purposes other

than for transport, including electricity, heating and cooling

produced from biomass;

“biomass” means the biodegradable fraction of products,

waste and residues from biological origin from agriculture,

including vegetal and animal substances, forestry and related

industries including fisheries and aquaculture, as well as the

biodegradable fraction of industrial and municipal waste;

“the Community” means the European Community

established by the Treaty establishing the European Economic

Community signed on March 25th, 1957;

“default value” means a value derived from a typical

value by the application of pre-determined factors and that

may in circumstances specified in these regulations, be used

in place of an actual value;

“energy” means all forms of available energy, including

electricity, heating, cooling, liquefied petroleum gas, any fuel

for heating and cooling, coal and transport fuels;

“energy content” means the lower calorific value of fuel;

“energy consumer” means a natural or legal person,

who consumes or purchases energy for own use and not for

wholesale or retail purposes;

“energy from renewable sources” means energy

from renewable non-fossil sources, namely wind, solar,

aerothermal, geothermal, hydrothermal and ocean energy,

hydropower, biomass, landfill gas, sewage treatment plant gas

and biogases;

“energy producer” means a generator which produces

energy;

“energy supplier” means an authorised supplier

wholesaling or retailing energy or products thereof;

“geothermal energy” means energy stored in the form of

heat beneath the surface of solid earth;

“green certificate” means a tradeable comodity

representing the environmental attributes of a specific

quantity of energy produced from renewable energy sources

issued upon compliance with environmental quality and

sustainability criteria;

“gross final consumption of energy” means the energy

commodities delivered for energy purposes to industry,

transport, households, services including public services,

agriculture, forestry and fisheries, including the consumption

of electricity and heat by the energy branch for electricity and

heat production and including losses of electricity and heat in

distribution and transmission;

“hydrothermal energy” means energy stored in the form

of heat in surface water;

“the Minister” means the minister responsible for

resources;

“renewable energy obligation” means a national

support scheme requiring energy producers to include a

given proportion of energy from renewable sources in their

production, requiring energy suppliers to include a given

proportion of energy from renewable sources in their supply,

or requiring energy consumers to include a given proportion

of energy from renewable sources in their consumption. This

includes schemes under which such requirements may be

fulfilled by using green certificates;

“support scheme” means any instrument, scheme or

mechanism applied by the State or a group of EU Member

States, that promotes the use of energy from renewable

sources by reducing the cost of that energy, increasing the

a renewable energy obligation or otherwise, the volume of

such energy purchased. This includes, but is not restricted to,

investment aid, tax exemptions or reductions, tax refunds,

renewable energy obligation support schemes including those

using green certificates, and direct price support schemes

including feed-in tariffs and premium payments;

“typical value” means an estimate of the representative

greenhouse gas emission saving for a particular biofuel

production pathway.

B

(1) Irrespective of whether the raw materials were

cultivated inside or outside the territory of the Community, for the

purposes referred to in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c), energy from

biofuels and bioliquids shall be taken into account only if they

fulfill the sustainability criteria set out in sub-regulations (2) to (5)

hereof

(a) measuring compliance concerning national targets

for the share of energy from renewable sources in gross final

consumption of energy in 2020, and for the share of energy

from renewable sources in all forms of transport in 2020;

(b) measuring compliance with renewable energy

obligations;

(c) eligibility for financial support for the consumption

of biofuels and bioliquids

Provided that, biofuels and bioliquids produced from

waste and residues, other than agricultural, aquaculture,

fisheries and forestry residues, shall only fulfil the

sustainability criteria set out in sub-regulation (2) of this

regulation in order to be taken into account for the purposes

referred to in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c).

(2) The calculations regarding the greenhouse gas

emission saving from the use of biofuels and bioliquids shall be

calculated in accordance with sub-regulation (1) of regulation

(1) Meta l-biokarburanti u biolikwidi jkunu ser

jingħataw importanza għall-finijiet msemmija fil-paragrafi (a),

(b) u (ċ) tas-subregolament (1) ta’ dan ir-regolament, operaturi

ekonomiċi għandhom juru li l-kriterji ta’ sostenibbiltà stabbiliti fis-

subregolamenti (2) sa (5) tar-regolament 3 ta’ dawn ir-regolamenti

jkunu ntlaħqu. Għal din il-fini l-operaturi ekonomiċi għandhom

jużaw sistema ta’ bilanċ tal-massa li

(a) tkun tippermetti li kunsinni ta’ materja prima jew

biokarburant b’karatteristiċi ta’ sostenibbiltà differenti jiġu

mħallta;

(b) tkun teħtieġ li informazzjoni dwar il-karatteristiċi

tas-sostenibbiltà u d-daqs tal-kunsinni msemmija fil-paragrafu

(a) ta’ dan ir-regolament tibqa’ tapplika għat-taħlita; u

(ċ) tkun tipprovdi li s-somma tal-kunsinni kollha

meħuda mit-taħlita tiġi deskritta bħala li jkollha l-istess

karatteristiċi ta’ sostenibbiltà, fl-istess kwantitajiet, bħas-

somma tal-kunsinni kollha miżjuda mat-taħlita.

(2) (a) Operaturi ekonomiċi għandhom jippreżentaw

lill-Awtorità informazzjoni affidabbli u jagħmlu disponibbli, fuq

talba, d-data li tkun ntużat biex tiġi żviluppata l-informazzjoni.

Operaturi ekonomiċi għandhom ukoll jagħmlu arranġament għal

standard xieraq ta’ verifika indipendenti tal-informazzjoni li

tkun ġiet ppreżentata, u li jippreżentaw provi li dan ikun sar. Il-

valutazzjoni għandha tivverifika li s-sistemi li jkunu ntużaw mill-

operaturi ekonomiċi jkunu preċiżi, affidabbli u mħarsa kontra

l-frodi. Il-verifika għandu tevalwa l-frekwenza u l-metodoloġija

ta’ kampjuni u l-affidabbiltà tad-data.

(b) L-informazzjoni msemmija fil-paragrafu (a)

ta’ dan is-subregolament għandha jkollha b’mod partikolari

informazzjoni dwar il-konformità mal-kriterji ta’ sostenibbiltà

stabbiliti fis-subregolamenti (2) sa (5) tar-regolament 3 ta’

dawn ir-regolamenti, informazzjoni xierqa u rilevanti dwar

il-miżuri li jkunu ttieħdu għall-protezzjoni tal-ħamrija, tal-

ilma u tal-arja, ir-restawr tal-art degradata, u l-prevenzjoni ta’

konsum eċċessiv ta’ ilma f’zoni fejn l-ilma jkun skars.

(3) L-Awtorità għandha tippreżenta lill-Ministru, fil-

forma aggregata, l-informazzjoni msemmija fis-subregolament

(2) ta’ dan ir-regolament, u dik l-informazzjoni għandha tigi

ppublikata fil-forma ta’ sommarju li tkun iżżomm il-kunfidenzjalità

ta’ informazzjoni sensittiva b’mod kummerċjali.

(4) Meta operatur ekonomiku jippreżenta provi

jew data li tkun inkisbet skont ftehim jew skema li jkunu is-

suġġett ta’ deċiżjoni mill-Kummissjoni, u sa fejn ikunu koperti

minn dik id-deċiżjoni, l-Awtorià m’għandhiex tkun teħtieġ li

l-fornitur jippreżenta provi ulterjuri ta’ konformità mal-kriterji ta’

sostenibbiltà stabbiliti fis-subregolamenti (2) sa (5) tar-regolament

3 ta’ dawn ir-regolamenti, u lanqas informazzjoni dwar miżuri

msemmija fil-paragrafu (b) tas-subregolament (2) ta’ dan ir-

regolament.

The greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuels

and bioliquids taken into account for the purposes referred to in

paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of sub-regulation (1) of this regulation

shall be at least 35 % and 50% with effect from the 1 st of January

2017

Provided that, the lower limit for installations which

were in operation on the 23 rd January 2008 shall come into effect

from the 1 st of April 2013

Provided further, that for installations which started

production on or after the 1st January 2017, the greenhouse gas

emission saving from the use of biofuels and bioliquids taken into

account for the purposes referred to in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c)

of sub-regulation (1) hereof shall be at least 60% with effect from

the 1st of January 2018.

(3) Biofuels and bioliquids taken into account for the

purposes referred to in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of sub-regulation

(1) hereof shall not be made from raw material obtained from

land with high biodiversity value, namely land that had one of the

following statuses in or after January 2008, whether or not the land

continues to have that status

(a) primary forest and other wooded land, namely

forest and other wooded land of native species, where there

is no clearly visible indication of human activity and the

ecological processes are not significantly disturbed;

(b) areas designated

(i) by law or by the relevant competent authority

for nature protection purposes; or

(ii) for the protection of rare, threatened or

endangered ecosystems or species recognised by

international agreements or included in lists drawn up

by intergovernmental organisations or the International

Union for the Conservation of Nature, subject to their

recognition by the Community when it has concluded

bilateral or multilateral agreements with third countries

containing provisions relating to matters covered by the

sustainability criteria,

unless evidence is provided that the production

of that raw material did not interfere with those nature

protection purposes;

(c) highly biodiverse grassland that is

(i) natural, namely grassland that would remain

grassland in the absence of human intervention and

which maintains the natural species composition and

ecological characteristics and processes; or

(ii) non-natural, namely grassland that would

cease to be grassland in the absence of human

intervention and which is rich in species and not

degraded, unless evidence is provided that the harvesting

of the raw material is necessary to preserve its grassland

status.

B

(4) Biofuels and bioliquids taken into account for the

purposes referred to in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of sub-regulation

(1) hereof shall not be made from raw material obtained from land

with high carbon stock, namely land that had any one status as

follows in January 2008 and which now no longer has that status

(a) wetlands, namely land that is covered with or

saturated by water permanently or for a significant part of the

year;

(b) continuously forested areas, namely land spanning

more than one hectare with trees higher than five metres and

a canopy cover of more than 30%, or trees able to reach those

thresholds in situ;

(c) land spanning more than one hectare with trees

higher than five metres and a canopy cover of between 10 %

and 30 %, or trees able to reach those thresholds in situ, unless

evidence is provided that the carbon stock of the area before

and after conversion is such that, when the methodology

laid down in part C of the Schedule to these regulations is

applied, the conditions laid down in sub-regulation (2) of this

regulation would be fulfilled

Provided that the provisions of this sub-regulation shall

not apply if, at the time the raw material was obtained, the

land had the same status as it had in January 2008.

(5) Biofuels and bioliquids taken into account for the

purposes referred to in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of sub-regulation

(1) of this regulation shall not be made from raw material obtained

from land that was peatland in January 2008, unless evidence is

provided that the cultivation and harvesting of that raw material

does not involve drainage of previously undrained soil.

(6) Agricultural raw materials cultivated in the

Community and used for the production of biofuels and bioliquids

taken into account for the purposes referred to in paragraphs (a), (b)

and (c) of sub-regulation (1) hereof shall be obtained in accordance

with the requirements and standards under the provisions referred

to under the heading ‘Environment’ in part A and in paragraph 9

of Annex II to Council Regulation (EC) No 73/2009 establishing

common rules for direct support schemes for farmers under

the common agricultural policy and establishing certain support

schemes for farmers and in accordance with the minimum

B

requirements for good agricultural and environmental condition

defined pursuant to Article 6(1) of that Regulation.

(7) For the purposes referred to paragraphs (a), (b) and

(c) of sub-regulation (1) hereof, the Authority shall not refuse to

take into account biofuels and bioliquids obtained in compliance

with this regulation, on other sustainability grounds.

4. (1) Where biofuels and bioliquids are to be taken into

account for the purposes referred to in paragraphs (a), (b) and

(c) of sub-regulation (1) hereof, economic operators shall show

that the sustainability criteria set out in sub-regulations (2) to (5)

of regulation 3 of these regulations have been fulfilled. For this

purpose economic operators shall use a mass balance system

which

(a) allows consignments of raw material or biofuel

with differing sustainability characteristics to be mixed;

(b) requires information about the sustainability

characteristics and size of the consignments referred to in

paragraph (a) hereof to remain assigned to the mixture; and

(c) provides for the sum of all consignments

withdrawn from the mixture to be described as having the

same sustainability characteristics, in the same quantities, as

the sum of all consignments added to the mixture.

(2) (a) Economic operators shall submit to the

Authority reliable information and shall also make available, on

request, the data that was used to develop the information. Economic

operators shall also arrange for an adequate standard of independent

auditing of the information submitted, and to provide evidence to

the Authority that this has been done. The auditing shall verify that

the system used by the economic operators is accurate, reliable and

protected against fraud. The auditing shall evaluate the frequency

and methodology of sampling and the robustness of the data.

(b) The information referred to in paragraph (a)

of this sub-regulation shall include in particular information

on compliance with the sustainability criteria set out in sub-

regulations (2) to (5) of regulation 3 of these regulations,

appropriate and relevant information on measures taken for

soil, water and air protection, the restoration of degraded

land, and the avoidance of excessive water consumption, in

areas where water is scarce.

B

(3) The Authority shall submit to the Minister, in

aggregated form, the information referred to in sub-regulation

(2), and such information shall be published in summary

form preserving the confidentiality of commercially sensitive

information.

(4) When an economic operator provides proof or

data obtained in accordance with an agreement or scheme that has

been the subject of a decision by the Commission, and to the extent

covered by that decision, the Authority shall not require the supplier

to provide further evidence of compliance with the sustainability

criteria set out in sub-regulations (2) to (5) of regulation 3 of these

regulations, nor information on measures referred to in paragraph

(b) of sub-regulation (2) of this regulation.

5. (1) For the purposes of sub-regulation (2) of regulation

3 of these regulations, the greenhouse gas emission saving from the

use of biofuel and bioliquids shall be calculated as follows

(a) where a default value for greenhouse gas emission

saving for the production pathway is laid down in Part A or

B of the Schedule to these regulations and where the e 1 value

for those biofuels or bioliquids calculated in accordance with

item 7 of Part C of the Schedule to these regulations is equal

to or less than zero, by using that default value;

(b) by using an actual value calculated in accordance

with the methodology laid down in Part C of the Schedule to

these regulations; or

(c) by using a value calculated as the sum of the factors

of the formula referred to in item 1 of Part C of the Schedule

to these regulations, where disaggregated default values in

Part D or E of the Schedule to these regulations may be used

for some factors, and actual values, calculated in accordance

with the methodology laid down in Part C of the Schedule to

these regulations, for all other factors.

(2) The default values in Part A of the Schedule to

these regulations for biofuels, and the disaggregated default values

for cultivation in Part D of the Schedule to these regulations for

biofuels and bioliquids, may be used only when their raw materials

are

(a) cultivated outside the Community;

(b) cultivated in the Community in areas included in

the list of those areas classified as level 2 in the nomenclature

of territorial units for statistics (NUTS) or as a more

disaggregated NUTS level in accordance with Regulation

(EC) No 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of

the Council of the 26 th May 2003 on the establishment of

a common classification of territorial units for statistics

(NUTS), where the typical greenhouse gas emissions from

cultivation of agricultural raw materials can be expected to

be lower than or equal to the emissions reported under the

heading ‘Disaggregated default values for cultivation’ in Part

D of the Schedule to these regulations;

(c) waste or residues other than agricultural, aquaculture

and fisheries residues.

(3) For biofuels and bioliquids not falling under

paragraphs (a), (b) or (c) of sub-regulation (2) hereof, actual values

for cultivation shall be used.

B

Schedule

Rules for calculating the greenhouse gas impact of biofuels, other bioliquids

and their fossil fuel comparators

Part A. Typical and default values for biofuels if produced with no net

carbon emissions from land use change

typical

default

greenhouse

greenhouse

Biofuel production

gas

gas

pathway

emission

emission

saving

saving

sugar beet ethanol

61 %

52 %

wheat

ethanol

(process

fuel

32 %

16 %

not specified)

wheat

ethanol

(lignite

as

32 %

16 %

process fuel in

CHP plant)

wheat

ethanol

(natural

gas

as

45 %

34 %

process

fuel

in

conventional boiler)

wheat

ethanol

(natural

gas

as

53 %

47 %

process fuel in CHP

plant)

wheat ethanol (straw

as process fuel

69 %

69 %

in CHP plant)

B

corn

(maize)

ethanol, Community

56 %

49 %

produced

(natural

gas as process fuel

in CHP plant)

sugar cane ethanol

71 %

71 %

the

part

from

renewable

sources

Equal to that of the ethanol production

pathway used

of ethyl-tertio-butyl-

ether (ETBE)

the

part

from

renewable

sources

Equal to that of the ethanol production

pathway used

of

tertiary-amyl-

ethyl-ether (TAEE)

rape seed biodiesel

45 %

38 %

sunflower biodiesel

58 %

51 %

soybean biodiesel

40 %

31 %

palm oil biodiesel

36 %

19 %

(process

not

specified)

palm oil biodiesel

62 %

56 %

(process

with

methane capture at

oil mill)

waste vegetable or

88 %

83 %

animal*

oil

biodiesel

hydrotreated

51 %

47 %

vegetable

oil

from rape seed

hydrotreated

65 %

62 %

vegetable

oil

from

sunflower

B

hydrotreated

40 %

26 %

vegetable oil from

palm oil (process

not specified)

hydrotreated

68 %

65 %

vegetable oil from

palm oil (process

methane

capture at oil mill)

pure vegetable oil

58 %

57 %

from rape seed

biogas

from

80 %

73 %

municipal

organic

waste as compressed

natural gas

biogas

from

wet

84 %

81 %

manure

as

compressed

natural gas

biogas

from

dry

86 %

82 %

manure

as

compressed

natural gas

Not including animal oil produced from animal by products classified as

category 3 material in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1774/2002

of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 October 2002 laying

down health rules on animal by-products not intended for human

consumption 1 .

OJ L 273, 10.10.2002, p. 1.

B

Part B. Estimated typical and default values for future biofuels that were

not on the market or were on the market only in negligible

quantities in January 2008, if produced with no net carbon

emissions from land use change

typical

default

greenhouse

greenhouse

Biofuel production

gas

gas

pathway

emission

emission

saving

saving

wheat straw ethanol

87 %

85 %

waste wood ethanol

80 %

74 %

farmed

wood

76 %

70 %

ethanol

waste

wood

Fischer-

95 %

95 %

Tropsch

diesel

farmed

wood

Fischer-

93 %

93 %

Tropsch

diesel

waste

wood

dimethylether

95 %

95 %

(DME)

farmed wood DME

92 %

92 %

waste

wood

94 %

94 %

methanol

farmed

wood

91 %

91 %

methanol

the

part

from

Equal to that of the methanol production

renewable sources

pathway used

B

of

methyl-tertio-

butyl-ether

(MTBE)

Part C. Methodology

1. Greenhouse gas emissions from the production and use of transport

fuels, biofuels and other bioliquids shall be calculated as

E = e ec + e l + e p + e td + e u - e sca – e ccs - e ccr – e ee ,

where

E = total emissions from the use of the fuel;

e ec = emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials;

e l = annualised emissions from carbon stock changes caused by land use

change;

e p = emissions from processing;

e td = emissions from transport and distribution;

e u = emissions from the fuel in use;

e sca = emission savings from soil carbon accumulation via improved

agricultural management;

e ccs = emission savings from carbon capture and geological storage;

e ccr = emission savings from carbon capture and replacement; and

e ee = emission savings from excess electricity from cogeneration.

Emissions from the manufacture of machinery and equipment shall not

be taken into account.

2. Greenhouse gas emissions from fuels, E, shall be expressed in terms of

grams of CO 2 equivalent per MJ of fuel, gCO 2eq /MJ.

3. By derogation from item 2, for transport fuels, values calculated in terms

of gCO 2eq /MJ may be adjusted to take into account differences between

fuels in useful work done, expressed in terms of km/MJ. Such

adjustments shall be made only where evidence of the differences in

useful work done is provided.

4. Greenhouse gas emission savings from biofuels and other bioliquids

shall be calculated as

B

SAVING

= (E F – E B )/E F ,

where

E B

= total emissions from the biofuel or other bioliquid; and

E F

= total emissions from the fossil fuel comparator.

5. The greenhouse gases taken into account for the purposes of item 1 shall

be CO 2 , N 2 O and CH 4 . For the purpose of calculating CO 2 equivalence,

these gases shall be valued as follows

CO 2

N 2 O

CH 4

Emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials, e ec , shall

include emissions from the extraction or cultivation process itself; from

the collection of raw materials; from waste and leakages; and from the

production of chemicals or products used in extraction or cultivation.

Capture of CO 2 in the cultivation of raw materials shall be excluded.

Certified reductions of greenhouse gas emissions from flaring at oil

production sites anywhere in the world shall be deducted. Estimates of

emissions from cultivation may be derived from the use of averages

calculated for smaller geographical areas than those used in the

calculation of the default values, as an alternative to using actual values.

Annualised emissions from carbon stock changes caused by land use

change, e l , shall be calculated by dividing total emissions equally over

20 years. For the calculation of these emissions the following rule shall

be applied

e l = (CS R – CS A ) x 3,664 x 1/20 x 1/P -e B ,

where

e l =

annualised greenhouse gas emissions from carbon stock change

due to land use change (measured as mass of CO 2 -equivalent per unit

biofuel energy);

CS R

=

the carbon stock per unit area associated with the

reference land use (measured as mass of carbon per unit area, including

both soil and vegetation). The reference land use shall be the land use in

January 2008 or 20 years before the raw material was obtained,

whichever was the later;

CS A

=

the carbon stock per unit area associated with the actual

land use (measured as mass of carbon per unit area, including both soil

and vegetation). In cases where the carbon stock accumulates over more

than one year, the value attributed to CS A shall be the estimated stock

per unit area after twenty years or when the crop reaches maturity,

whichever the earlier;

P

=

the productivity of the crop (measured as biofuel or

other bioliquid energy per unit area per year); and

=

bonus of 29 gCO 2eq /MJ biofuel or other bioliquid if biomass is

obtained from restored degraded land under the conditions provided for

in item 8.

The bonus of 29 gCO 2eq /MJ shall be attributed if evidence is

provided that the land

(a)

was not in use for agriculture or any other activity in January

2008; and

(b)

falls into one of the following categories

(i)

severely degraded land, including such land that was

formerly in agricultural use;

(ii)

heavily contaminated land.

The bonus of 29 gCO 2eq /MJ shall apply for a period of up to 10 years

from the date of conversion of the land to agricultural use, provided

that a steady increase in carbon stocks as well as a sizable reduction

in erosion phenomena for land falling under sub-item (i) are ensured

and that soil contamination for land falling under sub-item (ii) is

reduced.

The categories mentioned in item 8(b) are defined as follows

B

(a)

“severely degraded land” means land that, for a significant

period of time, has either been significantly salinated or

presented significantly low organic matter content and has been

severely eroded;

(b)

“heavily contaminated land” means land that is unfit for the

cultivation of food and feed due to soil contamination.

Such land shall include land that has been the subject of a

Commission decision in accordance with the fourth subparagraph of

Article 18(4) of Directive 2009/28/EC.

Emissions from processing, e p , shall include emissions from the

processing itself; from waste and leakages; and from the production of

chemicals or products used in processing.

In accounting for the consumption of electricity not produced within

the fuel production plant, the greenhouse gas emission intensity of the

production and distribution of that electricity shall be assumed to be

equal to the average emission intensity of the production and

distribution of electricity in a defined region. By derogation from this

rule, producers may use an average value for an individual electricity

production plant for electricity produced by that plant, if that plant is

not connected to the electricity grid.

Emissions from transport and distribution, e td , shall include emissions

from the transport and storage of raw and semi-finished materials and

from the storage and distribution of finished materials. Emissions

from transport and distribution to be taken into account under item 6

shall not be covered by this item.

Emissions from the fuel in use, e u , shall be taken to be zero for

biofuels and other bioliquids.

Emission savings from carbon capture and geological storage e ccs ,

that have not already been accounted for in e p, shall be limited to

emissions avoided through the capture and sequestration of emitted

CO 2 directly related to the extraction, transport, processing and

distribution of fuel.

Emission savings from carbon capture and replacement, e ccr , shall be

limited to emissions avoided through the capture of CO 2 of which the

carbon originates from biomass and which is used to replace

fossil-derived CO 2 used in commercial products and services.

Emission savings from excess electricity from cogeneration, e ee , shall

be taken into account in relation to the excess electricity produced by

fuel production systems that use cogeneration except where the fuel

used for the cogeneration is a co-product other than an agricultural

crop residue. In accounting for this excess electricity, the size of the

cogeneration unit shall be assumed to be the minimum necessary for

the cogeneration unit to supply the heat that is needed to produce the

fuel. The greenhouse gas emission savings associated with this

excess electricity shall be taken to be equal to the amount of

greenhouse gas that would be emitted when an equal amount of

electricity was generated in a power plant using the same fuel as the

cogeneration unit.

Where a fuel production process produces, in combination, the fuel

for which emissions are being calculated and one or more other

products ("co-products"), greenhouse gas emissions shall be divided

between the fuel or its intermediate product and the co-products in

proportion to their energy content (determined by lower heating

value in the case of co-products other than electricity).

B

For the purposes of the calculation referred to in paragraph 17, the

emissions to be divided shall be e ec + e l , + those fractions of e p, e td

and e ee that take place up to and including the process step at which a

co-product is produced. If any allocation to co-products has taken

place at an earlier process step in the life-cycle, the fraction of those

emissions assigned in the last such process step to the intermediate

fuel product shall be used for this purpose instead of the total of those

emissions.

In the case of biofuels and other bioliquids, all co-products, including

electricity that does not fall under the scope of item 16, shall be taken

into account for the purposes of this calculation, except for

agricultural crop residues, including straw, bagasse, husks, cobs and

nut shells. Co-products that have a negative energy content shall be

considered to have an energy content of zero for the purpose of the

calculation.

Wastes, agricultural crop residues, including straw, bagasse, husks,

cobs and nut shells, and residues from processing, including crude

glycerine (glycerine that is not refined), shall be considered to have

zero life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions up to the process of

collection of these materials.

In the case of fuels produced in refineries, the unit of analysis for the

purposes of the calculation referred to in item 17 shall be the

refinery.

For biofuels, for the purposes of the calculation referred to in item 4,

the fossil fuel comparator E F shall be the latest available actual

average emissions from the fossil part of petrol and diesel consumed

in the Community as reported under Directive 98/70/EC. If no such

data are available, the value used shall be 83.8 gCO 2eq /MJ.

For bioliquids used for electricity production, for the purposes of the

calculation referred to in item 4, the fossil fuel comparator E F shall be

91 gCO 2eq /MJ.

For bioliquids used for heat production, for the purposes of the

calculation referred to in item 4, the fossil fuel comparator E F shall be

77 gCO 2eq /MJ.

For bioliquids used for cogeneration, for the purposes of the

calculation referred to in item 4, the fossil fuel comparator E F shall be

85 gCO 2eq /MJ.

B

Part D. Disaggregated default values for biofuels and bioliquids

Disaggregated default values for cultivation: 'e ec ' as defined in Part C of

this Schedule

Biofuel

and

Typical

Default

other bioliquids

greenhouse

greenhouse

production

gas

gas

pathway

emissions

emissions

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

sugar

beet

ethanol

wheat ethanol

corn

(maize)

ethanol,

Community

produced

sugar

cane

ethanol

the

part

from

Equal to that of the ethanol production

renewable

pathway used

sources of ETBE

the

part

from

Equal to that of the ethanol production

renewable

pathway used

sources of TAEE

rape

seed

biodiesel

sunflower

biodiesel

soybean

biodiesel

palm

oil

biodiesel

waste vegetable

or animal * oil

B

biodiesel

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from rape seed

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from sunflower

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from palm oil

pure

vegetable

oil

from

rape

seed

biogas

from

municipal

organic waste as

compressed

natural gas

biogas from wet

manure

as

compressed

natural gas

biogas from dry

manure

as

compressed

natural gas

*

Not including animal oil produced from animal by products classified

as category 3 material in accordance with Regulation (EC) No

1774/2002.

Disaggregated default values for processing (including excess electricity)

'e p - e ee ' as defined in Part C of this Schedule

B

Typical

Default

Biofuel

and

greenhouse

greenhouse

other bioliquids

gas

gas

production

emissions

emissions

pathway

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

sugar

beet

ethanol

wheat

ethanol

(process fuel not

specified)

wheat

ethanol

(lignite

as

process fuel in

CHP plant)

wheat

ethanol

(natural gas as

process fuel in

conventional

boiler)

wheat

ethanol

(natural gas as

process fuel in

CHP plant)

wheat

ethanol

(straw as process

fuel

in

CHP

plant)

corn

(maize)

ethanol,

Community

produced

(natural gas as

process fuel in

B

CHP plant)

sugar

cane

ethanol

the

part

from

Equal to that of the ethanol production

renewable

pathway used

sources of ETBE

the

part

from

Equal to that of the ethanol production

renewable

pathway used

sources of TAEE

rape

seed

biodiesel

sunflower

biodiesel

soybean

biodiesel

palm

oil

biodiesel

(process

not

specified)

palm

oil

biodiesel

(process

with

methane capture

at oil mill)

waste vegetable

or

animal

oil

biodiesel

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from rape seed

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from sunflower

B

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from palm oil

(process

not

specified)

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from palm oil

(process

with

methane capture

at oil mill)

pure

vegetable

oil

from

rape

seed

biogas

from

municipal

organic waste as

compressed

natural gas

biogas from wet

manure

as

compressed

natural gas

biogas from dry

manure

as

compressed

natural gas

Disaggregated default values for transport and distribution: ' e td ' as

defined in Part C of this Schedule

Biofuel

and

Typical

Default

other bioliquid

greenhouse

greenhouse

B

production

gas

gas

pathway

emissions

emissions

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

sugar

beet

ethanol

wheat ethanol

corn

(maize)

ethanol,

Community

produced

sugar

cane

ethanol

the

part

from

Equal to that of the ethanol production

renewable

pathway used

sources of ETBE

the

part

from

Equal to that of the ethanol production

renewable

pathway used

sources of TAEE

rape

seed

biodiesel

sunflower

biodiesel

soybean

biodiesel

palm

oil

biodiesel

waste vegetable

or

animal

oil

biodiesel

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from rape seed

hydrotreated

B

vegetable

oil

from sunflower

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from palm oil

pure

vegetable

oil

from

rape

seed

biogas

from

municipal

organic waste as

compressed

natural gas

biogas from wet

manure

as

compressed

natural gas

biogas from dry

manure

as

compressed

natural gas

Total for cultivation, processing, transport and distribution

Typical

Default

Biofuel

and

greenhouse

greenhouse

other bioliquid

gas

gas

production

emissions

emissions

pathway

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

sugar

beet

ethanol

wheat

ethanol

(process fuel not

B

specified)

wheat

ethanol

(lignite

as

process fuel in

CHP plant)

wheat

ethanol

(natural gas as

process fuel in

conventional

boiler)

wheat

ethanol

(natural gas as

process fuel in

CHP plant)

wheat

ethanol

(straw as process

fuel

in

CHP

plant)

corn

(maize)

ethanol,

Community

produced

(natural gas as

process fuel in

CHP plant)

sugar

cane

ethanol

the

part

from

Equal to that of the ethanol production

renewable

pathway used

sources of ETBE

the

part

from

Equal to that of the ethanol production

renewable

pathway used

sources of TAEE

B

rape

seed

biodiesel

sunflower

biodiesel

soybean

biodiesel

palm

oil

biodiesel

(process

not

specified)

palm

oil

biodiesel

(process

with

methane capture

at oil mill)

waste vegetable

or

animal

oil

biodiesel

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from rape seed

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from sunflower

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from palm oil

(process

not

specified)

hydrotreated

vegetable

oil

from palm oil

(process

with

B

methane capture

at oil mill)

pure

vegetable

oil

from

rape

seed

biogas

from

municipal

organic waste as

compressed

natural gas

biogas from wet

manure

as

compressed

natural gas

biogas from dry

manure

as

compressed

natural gas

B

Part E. Estimated disaggregated default values for future

biofuels and bioliquids that were not on the market or were only

on the market in negligible quantities in January 2008

Disaggregated default values for cultivation: 'e ec ' as defined in Part C of this

Schedule

Typical

Default

Biofuel

and

greenhouse

greenhouse

other bioliquids

gas

gas

production

emissions

emissions

pathway

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

wheat

straw

ethanol

waste

wood

ethanol

farmed

wood

ethanol

waste

wood

Fischer-

Tropsch

diesel

farmed

wood

Fischer-

Tropsch

diesel

waste

wood

DME

farmed

wood

DME

waste

wood

methanol

farmed

wood

B

methanol

the

part

from

Equal to that of the methanol production

renewable

sources

of

pathway used

MTBE

Disaggregated default values for processing (including excess electricity)

e p - e ee ' as defined in Part C of this Schedule

Typical

Default

Biofuel

and

greenhouse

greenhouse

other bioliquids

gas

gas

production

emissions

emissions

pathway

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

wheat

straw

ethanol

wood ethanol

wood

Fischer-

Tropsch

diesel

wood DME

wood methanol

the

part

from

renewable

Equal to that of the methanol production

sources

of

pathway used

MTBE

Disaggregated default values for transport and distribution: ' e td ' as

defined in Part C of this Schedule

Typical

Default

Biofuel

and

greenhouse

greenhouse

other bioliquids

gas

gas

production

emissions

emissions

pathway

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

B

wheat

straw

ethanol

waste

wood

ethanol

farmed

wood

ethanol

waste

wood

Fischer-

Tropsch

diesel

farmed

wood

Fischer-

Tropsch

diesel

waste

wood

DME

farmed

wood

DME

waste

wood

methanol

farmed

wood

methanol

the

part

from

renewable

Equal to that of the methanol production

pathway used

sources

of

MTBE

Total for cultivation, processing, transport and distribution

Typical

Default

Biofuel

and

greenhouse

greenhouse

other bioliquids

gas

gas

production

emissions

emissions

pathway

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

(gCO 2eq /MJ)

B

wheat

straw

ethanol

waste

wood

ethanol

farmed

wood

ethanol

waste

wood

Fischer-

Tropsch

diesel

farmed

wood

Fischer-

Tropsch

diesel

waste

wood

DME

farmed

wood

DME

waste

wood

methanol

farmed

wood

methanol

the

part

from

renewable

Equal to that of the methanol production

pathway used

sources

of

MTBE

B

€2.98

Għall-biokarburanti, għall-fini tal-kalkolu msemmi fil-punt 4, l-element ta’

paragun tal-karburant fossili EF għandu jkun l-aħħar emissjonijiet medji attwali

disponibbli mill-parti fossili tal-konsum tal-petrol u d-diżil fil-Komunità kif

irrappurtat fid-Direttiva 98/70/KE. Jekk din id-data ma tkunx disponibbli, il-valur

użat għandu jkun 83,8gĊO2eq/MJ.

Għall-biolikwidi użati fil-produzzjoni tal-elettriku, għall-fini tal-kalkolu msemmi

fil-punt 4, l-element ta’ paragun tal-karburant fossili EF għandu jkun 91

gCO2eq/MJ. Għall-biolikwidi użati fil-produzzjoni tas-sħana, għall-fini tal-

kalkolu msemmi fil-punt 4, l-element ta’ paragun EF għandu jkun 77

gCO2eq/MJ. Għall-biolikwidi użati fil-koġenerazzjoni, għall-fini tal-kalkolu

msemmi fil-punt 4, l-element ta’ paragun EF għandu jkun 85 gCO2eq/MJ.

B

Parti D. Valuri awtomatiċi diżaggregati għall-biokarburanti u l-biolikwidi

Valuri awtomatiċi diżaggregati għall-kultivazzjoni: “eeċ” kif definit fil-

Parti Ċ ta’ din l-Iskeda

Valuri awtomatiċi diżaggregati għall-ipproċessar (inkluż elettriku żejjed): “ep –

eee” kif definit fil-Parti Ċ ta’ din l-Iskeda

B

Valuri awtomatiċi diżaggregati għat-trasport u d-distribuzzjoni: “etd” kif mfisser

fil-Parti Ċ ta’ din l-Iskeda

etanol

tal-pitrava

taz- 2

zokkor

etanol tal-qamħ

etanol

tal-qamħirrum 2

(maize),

prodott

fil-

Komunità

etanol tal-kannamiela

il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta’ Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata

ETBE

għall-produzzjoni ta’ etanol

il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta’ Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata

TAEE

għall-produzzjoni ta’ etanol

biodiżil taż-żerriegħa tal- 1

kolza

biodiżil tal-ġirasol

B

biodiżil mis-soybean

biodiżil taż-żejt tal-palm

biodiżil mill-iskart taż- 1

żejt veġetali jew tal-

annimali

żejt veġetali idrotrattat 1

miż-żerriegħa tal-kolza

żejt veġetali idrotrattat 1

mill-ġirasol

żejt veġetali idrotrattat 5

miż-żejt tal-palm

żejt veġetali pur miż- 1

żerriegħa tal-kolza

biogass

mill-iskart 3

orġaniku

muniċipali

bħala

gass

naturali

kkompressat

biogass

minn

demel 5

niedi bħala gass naturali

kkompressat

biogass

minn

demel 4

niexef bħala gass naturali

kkompressat

Total għall-kultivazzjoni, l-ipproċessar, it-trasport u d-distribuzzjoni

etanol tal-pitrava taz- 33

zokkor

etanol

tal-qamħ 57

(karburant tal-proċess

mhux speċifikat)

etanol

tal-qamħ 57

(linjite

bħala

B

karburant tal-proċess

fl-impjant ĊHP)

etanol tal-qamħ (gass 46

naturali

bħala

karburant tal-proċess

f’bojler

konvenzjonali)

etanol tal-qamħ (gass 39

naturali

bħala

karburant

f’impjant

ĊHP)

etanol tal-qamħ (tiben 26

bħala

karburant

f’impjant ĊHP)

etanol

tal-qamħirrun 37

(maize), prodott fil-

Komunità,

(gass

naturali

bħala

karburant tal-proċess

f’impjant ĊHP)

etanol tal-kannamiela

il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta’ Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija

ETBE

użata għall-produzzjoni ta’ etanol

il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta’ Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija

TAEE

użata għall-produzzjoni ta’ etanol

biodiżil taż-żerriegħa 46

tal-kolza

biodiżil tal-ġirasol

biodiżil tas-soybean

biodiżil taż-żejt tal- 54

palm (proċess mhux

speċifikat)

biodiżil taż-żejt tal- 32

B

palm

(proċess

bil-

qbid

tal-metan

fil-

mitħna taż-żejt)

biodiżil

mill-iskart 10

taż-żejt veġetali jew

tal-annimali

żejt

veġetali 41

idrotrattat

miż-

żerriegħa tal-kolza

żejt

veġetali 29

idrotrattat mill-ġirasol

żejt

veġetali 50

idrotrattat

miż-żejt

tal-palm

(proċess

mhux speċifikat)

żejt

veġetali 27

idrotrattat

miż-żejt

tal-palm (proċess bil-

qbid

tal-metan

fil-

mitħna taż-żejt)

żejt veġetali pur miż- 35

żerriegħa tal-kolza

biogass

mill-iskart 17

orġaniku

muniċipali

bħala

gass

naturali

kkompressat

biogass minn demel 13

niedi

bħala

gass

naturali kkompressat

biogass minn demel 12

niexef

bħala

gass

naturali kkompressat

B

Parti E. Valuri awtomatiċi diżaggregati li jkunu stmati għall-biokarburanti

u l-biolikwidi futuri li ma kinux fis-suq jew li kienu fis-suq fi kwantitajiet

negliġibbli biss f’Jannar 2008

Valuri awtomatiċi diżaggregati għall-kultivazzjoni: “eeċ” kif definit fil-Parti Ċ ta’

din l-Iskeda

Mogħdija

tal- Emissjonijiet tipiċi ta’ Valur awtomatiku tal-

produzzjoni

tal- gass b’effett serra

emissjonijiet

ta’

gass

biokarburant

u (gCO2eq/MJ)

b’effett serra

biolikwidu

(gCO2eq/MJ)

etanol tat-tiben tal-qamħ

etanol

mill-iskart

tal- 1

injam

etanol

mill-injam 6

ikkoltivat

diżil

Fisċher-Tropsċh 1

mill-iskart tal-injam

diżil

Fisċher-Tropsċh 4

mill-injam ikkoltivat

DME

mill-iskart

tal- 1

injam

DME

mill-injam 5

ikkoltivat

metanol mill-iskart tal- 1

injam

metanol

mill-injam 5

ikkoltivat

il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta’ Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata

MTBE

għall-produzzjoni ta’ metanol

Valuri awtomatiċi diżaggregati għall-ipproċessar (inkluż elettriku żejjed): “ep –

eee” kif definit fil-Parti Ċ ta’ din l-Iskeda

B

Mogħdija

tal- Emissjonijiet tipiċi ta’ Valur awtomatiku tal-

produzzjoni

tal- gass b’effett serra

emissjonijiet

ta’

gass

biokarburant

u (gCO2eq/MJ)

b’effett serra

biolikwidu

(gCO2eq/MJ)

etanol tat-tiben tal-qamħ

etanol mill-injam

diżil

Fischer-Tropsch 0

mill-injam

DME mill-injam

metanol mill-injam

il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta’ Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata

MTBE

għall-produzzjoni ta’ metanol

Valuri awtomatiċi diżaggregati għat-trasport u distribuzzjoni: “etd” kif definit fil-

Parti Ċ ta’ dan l-Anness

Mogħdija

tal- Emissjonijiet tipiċi ta’ Valur awtomatiku tal-

produzzjoni

tal- gass b’effett serra

emissjonijiet

ta’

gass

biokarburant

u (gCO2eq/MJ)

b’effett serra

biolikwidu

(gCO2eq/MJ)

etanol tat-tiben tal-qamħ

etanol

mill-iskart

tal- 4

injam

etanol

mill-injam 2

ikkoltivat

diżil

Fischer-Tropsch 3

mill-iskart tal-injam

diżil Fischer-Tropsch

mill-injam ikkoltivat

DME

mill-iskart

tal- 4

injam

DME

mill-injam 2

ikkoltivat

B

metanol mill-iskart tal- 4

injam

metanol

mill-injam 2

ikkoltivat

il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta’ Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata

MTBE

għall-produzzjoni ta’ metanol

Total għall-kultivazzjoni, l-ipproċessar, it-trasport u d-distribuzzjoni

Mogħdija

tal- Emissjonijiet tipiċi ta’ Valur awtomatiku tal-

produzzjoni

tal- gass b’effett serra

emissjonijiet

ta’

gass

biokarburanti

u (gĊO2eq/MJ)

b’effett serra

biolikwidi

(gĊO2eq/MJ)

etanol tat-tiben tal-qamħ

etanol

mill-iskart

tal- 17

injam

etanol

mill-injam 20

ikkoltivat

diżil

Fisċher-Tropsċh 4

mill-iskart tal-injam

diżil

Fisċher-Tropsċh 6

mill-injam ikkoltivat

DME

mill-iskart

tal- 5

injam

DME

mill-injam 7

ikkoltivat

metanol mill-iskart tal- 5

injam

metanol

mill-injam 7

ikkoltivat

il-parti minn sorsi rinnovabbli ta’ Ugwali għal dik tal-mogħdija użata

MTBE

għall-produzzjoni ta’ metanol