Hot Rolled Steel flan for the Reinforcement of Concrete Order, 1988

L. N. 47 oft'J88

QUALITY CONTROL (EXPORTS, IMPORTS AND

LOCAL GOODS) ACT, tonl

(ACT NO. XIll OF 1971)

Hot Rolled Steel flan for the Reinforcement of Concrete Order, 1988

(Order No. MI of 1988)

IN exercise of the powers conferred by section 3 of the Quality

Control (Expons, Imports and Local qoods) Act, 1971 , the Malta

Board of Standards has made the following order:-

This order may be cited as the Hot Rolled Steel Bars fOT the

1

Reinforcement of Concrete Order, 1988, and may be referred 10 as

Order No. Ml of 1988.

1.2 This order shall become operative on a date after the lapse

of 20 days from the day on which it is laid on the Table of the House

of Representatives which date shall be notified by the Board in the

Gazette.

1 This order applies 10 steel bars in the hot rolled condition

and covers only plain round steel bars in grade 250 and deformed high

yie ld steel bars in grade 460.

1

In this order -

3. 1.1 "bar" means a bar of steel as rolled and shall be held

to include a rod of steel;

3.1.2 "bateh~ means any quantity of bars of one size and

material type presented for examination and test at anyone time;

3.1.3 ~deform ed bar" means a bar, the surface of which is

provided with lugs, protrusions or deformations which inhibit

longitudinal movement of the bar relative to the concrete which

surrounds it in such construction , such thal the bond with concrete

is increased by al leas! 25 % over Iha! of plain bars;

3.1.4 "gauge lcng!h~ means Ihe prescribed pan of the

cylindrical portion of Ihe test piece on which elongation is

measured during Ihe tensile test;

3.1.5 "killed steel" and "balanced steel" shall have the

meaning defined in Brilish Standard 2094: Part 2;

3.1.6 "lcngth~ means a piece of st raight bar, with oul joint

or we ld , cut to a specified length;

3.1.7 "load al yield point" means Ihe load measured during

the te nsile test when total extension of the gauge length is the

amoun l specified in Table V;

3. 1.8 "nominal sizc" means the diameter of a nominally

round bar, o r, for deformed bars, the diameter of a circle derived

from the effective cross· sectional area in accordance with article

5 of this order;

3.1.9 "specified characteristic strength" means the value of

the yield stress of the steel below which shall fall not more than

5% of the results of the material complying wilh this order;

3, J.1O "tensile strength" means the maximum load during

the tensile test divided by the original cross-sectional area of the

test piece. In the case of deformed bars, the effective cross-

sectional area determined as described in article 5 of this order

shall be used in lieu of the original cross-sectional area men tioned

above;

3.1.11 "yield stress-' means the load at yield point divided

by the original cross--sectiona! area of the test piece. In the case

of deformed bars, the effective cross· sectional area determined as

described in article 5 of this order shall be used in lieu of the

original cross-sectional area mentioned above.

1 The dimensions, weights and tolerances of the bars shall be Dimc .. iuo> •

as follows

4.1.1 if bars are specified to be cut to certain lengths, each

bar shall be cut within deviations of ± 25mm on the specified

length, but if minimum lengths are specified the deviations shall

be +50mm and - Omm, while if maximum lengths are specified

the deviations shall be -5Omm + Omm;

4.1.2 the maximum deviation of any dimension from the

specified shape of the bar sha ll not exceed ±8% of the principal

nominal dimensions;

4.1.3 the rolling tolerances over and under the nominal mass

shall be as laid down in Tahle 11 of this order; for bars whose

effective cross-sectional area is determined as in article 5 of this

order, the nominal rolling mass per metre run shall correspond

to th e gross mass per metre run.

1 For bars whose pattern of deformation is such that by visual Effecti.-e c:roso

inspection the cross-sectional area is substantially uniform along th e O<X"Iional oreo

length of the bar, the effective cross-sectiona! area shall be the gross

cross-seetional area determined by weighing and measuring to a

predsion of ±O.5% a length of not less than O.5m when

Gross cross-sectional area in mm'

Effective cross-sectional area

m

: ~=

O.OO785L

where m .. mass in kg

and

L .. length in m.

S.2 For bars whose pattern of deformatiOll is such that by visual

inspection the cross-sectional area is not substantially uniform along

the Icngth of the bar, a sample not lcss than O.5m longshall be weighed

(m) and measured 10 a precision of ± O.5% in the as rolled condition,

and after the transverse ribs have bee n removed it shall be re-weighed

(m').

5.3 Where the diffe rence between the two masses (m- m') is less

than 3% of rn ' the effective crOss-sectional area shaH he obtained as

in paragraph 5.1 of this ord er.

S.4 Where the difference is equal \0, o r greater than, 3% the

effective cross-sectional area in square millimetres shall be taken as

1.03m'

O.0078SL

where rn ' "" mass in kgofthe bar with transverse ribsremovcd,

and

L "" length in m.

5.S For rout in e purposes, a nominal ratio of effective cross-

sectional area of bars covered by paragraph 5.4 shall be stated and

used by the manufacturer.

1 When ordering material which falls within the scope of this

or<l<ri",P"I'J'OS"'_ order. the purchaser shall give his requiremen ts as to bar sixe, and

material grade.

1 Test samples of su fficient length for the specified test sha ll

be selected from each batch at a frequency of notlcss than that specified

in Table IV of this order. If a batch comprises bars from more than

onc cast at least onc test sample shall be selected to represent each cast.

1 Steel reinforcing rods shall be deemed to comp ly with this

order if they conform to the following requ irements

8.1.1 The bars shall be hot rolled steel made by any process

except that the air and mixed air-oxygen. bottom-blown basic

converte r processes shall not be used. In the case of the oxygen

proccsso:s (both top and bottom blown) the free nit rogen contetll

as detennin ed in the cast analysis of grade 250 shall not exceed

0 '()08% .

8.1.2 The chemical composition of the steel based on the

cast analysis shall meet the requi rements given in Table VI. while

the ca rbo n equivalent value based on the ladle analysi s, and

calculated in accordance with paragraph 9.1.1. shall not exceed

0.42% for grade 250 and 0.51% for grade 460.

The chemical composition of the steel based on

8.1.2.1

the product analysis may exceed the maximum give n in Table

VI by

(a) 0.03% carbon, 0.008% sulph ur and 0.008%

phosphorus in th e case of killed steel;

(b) 0.05% carbon, 0.008% sul phur and 0.008%

phosphoru s in the case of balanced steel.

The carbon eq uivalent value derived from

8.1.2.2

product analysis, calculated in accordance with paragraph

1.1 shall not exceed 0.45% for grade 250 and 0.54 % for

grade 460;

8.1.2.3 In the case of deviations from the specified

maximum , the manufacturer shall be given the opportunity to

analyse the same selected bars as the purchaser. If any sample

fails, two additional test samples shall be taken from the same

batch and subjected to the test or tests in which the original

sam ple failed. If both additional samples pass the test, the

batch from which they were taken shall be deemed to comply

with this order. If either of them fails, the batch shaH be

deemed not to comply with this o rder. These subsequen t

ana lytical checks shall be carried out in accordance wi th

paragraph 9.1 of this order.

8.1.3 All bars shall be well and cleanly rolled and shall be Ow.lityof

sound and free from hannful surface defects and pipe.

8 .1.4 When tested in accordance with the method laid down

in pamgmph 9.2, the specified characteristic strength and the

pe rcentage elongation of the steel shall comply with Table III of

this order, provided that , for each type and size of bar, -

8.1.4. 1 no more than two lest results of yield st ress out

of the last 40 consecutive results are less than the specified

cha racteristic st rength;

8.1.4.2 no resul ts are less than 0.93 o f the specified

cha racteristic st rength;

8 . 1.4.3 When tested in accordance with the method laid

down in paragraph 9.2 of this order, the tensile strength of

any bar shall be at least 15% greater than the actual yield

stress measured in the tensile test. For steel of grade 250, the

yield stress shall not exceed 460N/mm'.

8.1.5 The material shall wit hstand without fracture the test s.nd .. ".

referred to in paragmph 9.3 of this order.

8. 1.5.1 If any sample fails. two additional samples from

the same batch from whieh the first sample had been taken

shall be tested. If both additional samples pass the lest, the

batch shall be deemed to comply with this order. If either of

them fails , the batch shall be deemed not to comply with this

order.

1 L-Ordni ta' 1- 1976 dwar Vireg ta' I-Azzar 'H ot Rollcd' ghar-

Rinfurzar tal·Konkrit huwa b'dan imhassar.

TABELLI

TABEU.A I

Area tal-'CI"OIS!l-Seclion' u MasSa

Area tal-Cross·$ection

Massa kull Mctru tul

(mm)

(mm' )

(kg)

28. 3 0.222

50. 3 0.395

1 The product analysis checks shall be carried out by sampling

in accordance with British Standard 1837 and analysed in accordance

with the appropriate method in British Standards Handbook 19.

9.1.1 The carbon equivalent value shall be calculated

using the following fonn ula

Mn

Cr + Mo + V

Ni+Cu

C+ - - +

+

where C is the percentage of Carbon comem,

Mo is the percentage of Manganese coment,

C, is the percentage of Chromium content,

Mo is the percentage of Molybdenum content ,

is the pc rcenlage of Vanadium content,

V

N; is the percentage of Nickel content,

and

Cu is the percentage of Copper content.

11.2 The tensile strength, yield stress and the elongation of the

steel shall be detennined in accordance with British Standard 18, Part

2, of 1971. The rate of loading when approaching the yield stress shall

not exceed Ih ba r (10 MN/m') per second. Samples for this test shall

be in accordance with paragraph 9.4 of t his order.

9.3 The test pieces shall be bent through 18(f. by a continuous

and uniform production of bending deformation at every section of

the bend around a former Ilaving a diamete r as specified in sub-

paragraph 9.3,2. o f this orde r. Samples for this test shall be in

accordance with pa ragraph 9.4 of this order.

9.3.1 The bend test shall be carried out o n -

9.3.1, J a test piece havirig a temperat ure of between

5'C and 2lfe;

9.3.1.2 apparatus whiCh ensures close contact between

the teSt piece and the former;

9.3.\.3 a test piece which is adequately supported by

plain smooth surfaces or rolls which do not offer resistance

to longitudinal movemen t of th e test piece.

9.3.2 The diameter of the former shall be twice the nominal

diameter of the mate rial under test in the case of grade 250, and

t hree times the diameter of the material under test in the case of

grade 460.

9, 4 The tensile and bend tests on deformed bars shall be carried

out on straight pieces in the as rolled condition without machining or

prior heat treatment. For tensile tests on plain mild steel bars of siles

larger tha n 4Omm, the test samples may be turned concentrically with

the bar to 40mm diameter.

10.1 The Hot Rolled Steel Bars for the Reinforcement of

Concrete Order, 1976 is hereby repealed.

TABLES

T AIlI..£ I

CI'U$S·Stdionlll Art a and Mass

Cross-Sectional Area

Mass permetre run

(kg)

(mm)

(mm')

3

0.222

SO.3

0.395

0.6[6

78.5

113.1

0.888

1.579

20J.]

2.466

314.2

490.9

3.854

804.2

6.3]3

1256.6

9.864

]963.5

15.413

B

T A8LE II

Deviations Ovtr and Undtr Nominal Mass

Deviatiorts Over and Under the Nominal Mass per Metre run

Nominal Size

~~)h

Indiv~~)1 Bar

(mm)

-,

+6

-,

-6

Sand 10

+4.5

- 3.5

± 2.5

- 4

12andover

TABLE III

Tensile Propert1es

Nominal Size of Bar

Specified Characteristic

Min. Elongation

Grade

Strength (N/mm' )

(mm)

on 5.65 VSo·

2SO

All sizes

All sizes

• So= the original cross-sectional area of the test piece.

T A BLE I V

Frequency of Tensile and Jkond Tests

Nominal size

Quantit~

(mm)

Under 10

I sample from each 25 metric tonnes or part

the reof

lOup toand including 16

I sample from each 35 metric tonnes or part

thereof

Over 16and up to and including32

I sample from each45 metric tonnes or part

thereof

Over 32

1 sample from each 55 metric tonnes or part

thereof

TABLE V

PeN:totage Total Strain

Specified Characteristic Strengt h

Percentage Total Strain

(N/mm' )

(%)

0.33

25Q

0.43

""

TAB L E VI

Chemical Composition of Steel Grades

Grade 250

Gradc460

Element

(%ma:\.)

(%max.)

0.25

0.30

Carbon

Sulphur

0.060

0.050

0.050

Phosphorus

0.060

..

5

0.616

B.888

113.1

201.1

1.579

314.2

2.466

3.854

490.9

6.313

804.2

1256.6

9.864

1963.5

15.413

T Al.IELLA 11

Devjaujonijltt Fuq u Tallt il-Massa Nomlnali

Devjazzjonijict Fuq u Tab! i1-Massa Nominali gI'IaJ kill] Mctro tu!

DaqsNominali

(mm)

Virga Wahda

M=

(%)

(%)

-,

+6

- 4

- 6

+4.5

~3.5

- 4

12ufuqhom

±2.5

"

T ABEI.I.A III

Proprjetajlet Tenslll

5<lh1'la Karatteristika

L-anqas

D aqs Nominali taJ-Virga

Orad

(mm)

Specifikata (N/m m')

Elongazzjoni fuq

5.65 v'Su'

2.10

2.10

Kulldaqs

Kulldaqs

• So- Area originali taJ-cross-section tal-pani tal-prova.

T ABEllA IV

Frckwcn:u. ta' Provl T cnslll u l.a1_T agllwJ.g

D aqs Nominah

Kwantitll

(= )

Tahtl0

kampjun wiehed minn kulllS t uooeHa

mClrika jtW pan i mionha

kampj un wieTted minn kuU 35 tunnellata

Minn iO sa u in kl ut 16

me tri kajew pan i minnha

'11 fuq minn 16 u sa u inklut32

ka mpjun wiehed minn kull45 tunnellata

metrikajew pan i minnha

'Il fuq min n32

ka mpjun wiched minn ku1l 55 tunneUata

metrikajew parti minnha

T ABELLA V

PerientwaU TotalI ta' Strain

(Nfmm')

(%)

0.33

0.43

T ABELLA V I

KompoiluJonl Kimika tal-Gradl ta ' I-Anar

Grad250

Element

Grad460

(% massima)

(% massima)

Karbonj u

0.25

0.30

0.0.50

0.0<;0

K uuri!

Fosfru

00<;0

0.050