S.I. No. 294/1989 - European Communities (Quality of Surface Water Intended For The Abstraction of Drinking Water) Regulations, 1989.

1. pH

—

0.1

0.2

—Electrometry.

Measured in situ at the time of sampling without prior treatment of the sample.

2. Colouration

(after simple filtration)

5

10%

20%

—Filtering through a glass fibre membrane.

Photometric method using the plantinum-cobalt scale.

3. Total suspended solids

—

5%

10%

—Filtering through a 0.45 µm filter membrane, drying at 105°C and weighing.

—Centrifuging (for at least 5 mins with mean acceleration of 2800 to 3200 g), drying at 105°C and weighing.

4. Temperature

—

0.5

1

—Thermometry.

Measured in situ at the time of sampling without prior treatment of the sample.

5. Conductivity at 20°C

—

5%

10%

—Electrometry.

6. Odour

—

—

—

—By successive dilutions. (Glass container recommended.)

7. Nitrates

2

10%

20%

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

8. Fluorides

0.05

10%

20%

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry after distillation if necessary.

—Ion selective electrodes.

9. Dissolved iron

0.02

10%

20%

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry after filtering through a filter membrane (0.45 µm).

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry after filtering through 0.45 µm filter membrane.

10. Manganese

0.01

10%

20%

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

0.02

(1)

10%

20%

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

11. Copper

(2)

0.005

10%

20%

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

—Polarography.

0.02

(3)

10%

20%

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

—Polarography.

12. Zinc

(2)

0.02

10%

20%

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

13. Boron

(2)

0.1

10%

20%

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

(Materials for container not to contain boron in any significant quantities.)

14. Arsenic

(2)

0.01

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

15. Cadmium

(2)

0.001

30%

30%

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

—Polarography.

16. Total chromium

(2)

0.01

20%

30%

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

17. Lead

(2)

0.01

20%

30%

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

—Polarography.

18. Selenimu

(2)

0.005

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

19. Mercury

(2)

0.002

30%

30%

—Flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry (cold vaporization).

20. Barium

(2)

0.02

15%

30%

—Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

21. Cyanide

0.01

20%

30%

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

22. Sulphates

10

10%

10%

—Gravimetric analysis.

—EDTA compleximetry.

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

23. Chlorides

10

10%

10%

—Titration (Mohr's method).

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

24. Surfactants (reacting with methylene blue)

0.05

20%

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

25. Phosphates

0.02

10%

20%

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

26. Phenols (phenol index)

0.0005

0.0005

0.0005

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry

4-aminoantipyrine method.

0.001

(1)

30%

50%

—Paranitraniline method.

(Glass container recommended.)

27. Dissolved or emulsified hydrocarbons.

0.01

20%

30%

—Infra-red spectrometry after extraction by

carbon tetrachloride.

0.04

(1)

—Gravimetry after extraction by petroleum ether. (Glass container recommended.)

28. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonds

(2)

0.00004

50%

50%

—Measurement of fluorescene in the UV after thin layer chromatography. Comparative measurement in relation to a mixture of six control substances with the same concentration

(4)

.

(Glass or aluminium container recommended.)

29. Total pesticides (parathion, hexachlorocyclohexane, dieldrin)

(2)

0.0001

50%

50%

—Gas or liquid chromatography after extraction by suitable solvents and purification. Identification of the constituents of the mixture. Quantitative analysis.

(5)

(Glass container recommended).

30. Chemical oxygen demand (COD)

15

20%

20%

—Potassium dichromate method.

31. Dissolved oxygen saturation rate

5

10%

10%

—Winkler's method. (Glass containerrecommended.)

—Electrochemical method.

32. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD

5

) at 20°C without nitrification

2

1.5

2

—Determination of dissolved oxygen before and after five-day incubation at 20°C ± 1°C, in complete darkness.

—Addition of a nitrification inhibitor.

33. Nitrogen by Kjeldahl method (except in NO

2

and NO

3

)

0.03

0.5

0.5

—Mineralization, distillation by Kjeldahl method and ammonium determination by means ofmolecular absorption spectrophotometry ortitration.

34. Ammonium

0.1

10%

20%

—Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

35. Substances extractable with chloroform

—Extraction at neutral pH value by purified chloroform, evaporation in vacuum at room temperature, weighing of residue.

36. Total coliforms

500

—Membrane filtration and culture at 37°C on an appropriate medium (such as Tergitol lactose agar, Endo agar, 0.4% Teepol broth) and colony count.

—Samples must be diluted or, where appropriate, concentrated in such a way as to contain between 10 and 100 colonies. If necessary, identification by gasification.

500

—Method of dilution with fermentation in liquid substrates in at least three tubes in three dilutions. Sub-culturing of the positive tubes on a confirmation medium. Count according to MPN (most probable number). Incubation temperature 37°C + 1°C.

(Sterilized glass container recommended.)

37. Faecal coliforms

100

—Membrane filtration and culture at 44°C on an appropriate medium (such as Tergitol lactose agar, Endo agar, 0.4% Teepol broth) and colony count. Samples must be diluted or, where appropriate, concentrated in such a way as to contain between 10 and 100 colonies. If necessary, identification by gasification.

100

—Method of dilution with fermentation in liquid substrates in at least three tubes in three dilutions. Subculturing of the positive tubes on a confirmation medium. Count according to MPN (most probable number). Incubation temperature 44°C ± 0.5°C.

(Sterilized glass container recommended.)

38. Faecal streptococci

20

—Membrane filtration and culture at 37°C on an appropriate medium (such as sodium azide) and colony count. Samples must be diluted or, where appropriate, concentration in such a way as to contain between 10 and 100 colonies.

20

—Method of dilution in sodium azide broth in at least three tubes with three dilutions. Count according to MPN (most probable number). (Sterilized glass container recommended.)

39. Salmonella

1/500ml

—Concentration by filtration (on membrane or appropriate filter).

1/1000ml

—Innoculation into pre-enrichment medium. Enrichment and transfer into isolating gelese — Identification.

(Sterilized glass container recommended.)

(1)

For surface water of categories A2 and A3.

(2)

If the samples contain so much suspended matter as to require special preliminary treatment, the accuracy values shown in this part of the Schedule may, as an exception, be exceeded and shall be regarded as a target. These samples shall be treated so as to ensure that the analysis covers the largest quantity of substances to be measured.

(3)

For surface water of category A3.

(4)

Mixture of six standard substances all of the same concentration to be taken into consideration: fluoranthene; 3, 4-benzofluoranthene; 11, 12-benzofluoranthene; 3, 4-benzopyrene; 1, 12-benzoperylene; indeno (1, 2, 3-cd) pyrene.

(5)

Mixture of three substances all of the same concentration to be taken into consideration: parathion, hexachlorocyclohexane, dieldrin.

GIVEN under the Official Seal of the Minister for the Environment

this 10th day of November 1989.

PADRAIG FLYNN,

Minister for the Environment.

EXPLANATORY NOTE.

These Regulations prescribe quality standards and methods and frequencies of analysis for surface fresh water used or intended for use in the abstraction of drinking water. The Regulations give effect to Council Directives No. 75/440/EEC (O.J. No. L194/26) of 16th June, 1975, and No. 79/869/EEC (O.J. No. L271/44) of 9th October, 1979.

The Minister for the Environment in exercise of the powers conferred on him by

section 3

of the

European Communities Act, 1972

(No. 27 of 1972) and for the purpose of giving effect to the Council Directives of 16th June, 1975 (No. 74/440/EEC)

(1)

and 9th October, 1979 (No. 79/869/EEC)

(2)

hereby makes the following Regulations

(1)

O.J. No. L194/26. 25th July, 1975.

(2)

O.J. No. L271/44. 29th October, 1979.