S.I. No. 154/1949 - Standard Specification (Ready Mixed Oil Paints) Order, 1949.

1. This specification covers the requirements of ready mixed oil paints suitable for use as priming, undercoating or finishing oil paints.

DESCRIPTION

2. The paint shall be thoroughly ground and in such condition that stirring readily produces a smooth uniform mixture of such consistency that the paint works well under the brush and satisfies the requirements of Clause 8.

COMPOSITION

3. The composition shall conform to the requirements set out in the appropriate tables.

Table 1. Priming oil paints.

Table 2. Undercoating oil paints.

Table 3. Finishing oil paints.

QUALITY OF MATERIALS

4. The materials used in the paints shall conform to the appropriate Standards as set out in Table 4.

Stand oil, if used, shall consist of refined, or raw, linseed oil and/or tung oil, which have been polymerised. The oils shall conform to I.S. 14 : 1949 " Linseed Oil for Paints ", and B.S. 391 : 1936 " Tung Oil ", respectively.

DRIERS

5. Liquid driers may be added when necessary, in order that the paint may conform to the requirements for drying time specified in Clause 6.

Such driers shall not contain volatile matter other than white spirit and/or turpentine.

Where a rosinate drier is used the paint shall not contain more than 0·5 per cent. of rosin.

DRYING TIME

6. The paint when tested in the manner described in Appendix A, shall become " surface dry " in not less than 8 hours, and shall become " hard dry " in not more than 24 hours.

The surface drying time clause shall not apply to undercoating paints.

For the purpose of this clause the term " surface dry " shall mean a condition such that clean dry silver sand sprinkled on to the surface of the paint film and kept there for one minute, can be removed by means of a camel-hair brush without injury to the paint film. The sand used shall be graded so as to pass a No. 44 British Standard test sieve conforming to B.S. 410 : 1943, but to be retained on a No. 100 British Standard test sieve conforming to B.S. 410 : 1943.

For the purpose of this clause the term " hard dry " shall mean a condition such that a second coat of the paint can be satisfactorily applied.

COLOURS OF PAINTS

7. The colours of paints shall be agreed between the Purchaser and Vendor. It is desirable that there shall be a distinct variation in colour between undercoats and finishes.

COLOUR, OPACITY, FINISH AND CONSISTENCY

8. The paint film prepared in the manner described in Appendix A shall, after drying for 48 hours, match in colour, opacity and finish (i.e., degree of gloss, smoothness of surface, freedom from runs, specks, etc.) a film prepared in the same way and at the same time from an agreed sample.

FASTNESS TO LIGHT (FINISHING PAINTS ONLY)

9. The change in colour of the dried paint film when tested in the manner described in Appendix B, shall not be greater than that of a film of an agreed sample tested in the same way and at the same time. The method, conditions and duration of the exposure test shall be agreed between the Purchaser and the Vendor.

WATER CONTENT

10. The paint shall not contain more than 0·5 per cent. of water, when tested in the manner described in Appendix C.

FLASH POINT

11. The flash point (Abel's closed test) shall not be below 90°F

KEEPING PROPERTIES

12. The paint, when stored in the original sealed containers, shall retain the properties detailed above for a period to be agreed between the Purchaser and the Vendor. In all such cases the conditions of storage shall be defined by the Purchaser.

MARKING

13. Containers of paint conforming to this specification shall be marked distinctly with the Manufacturer's name or mark.

SAMPLING AND SIZE OF SAMPLE

14. Representative samples, each weighing not less than 1 lb., shall be taken in triplicate from one or more original and previously unopened containers.

The contents of each container so used shall be thoroughly mixed by shaking and/or stirring as may be necessary to obtain a representative sample. After mixing, the material shall be freed from coarse skins by passing through a No. 10 British Standard test sieve conforming to B.S. 410 : 1943.

The samples of the mixed and sieved paint shall be placed in clean dry, air-tight, non-absorbent containers made of material on which the sample has no action. The containers shall be of such size that they are nearly filled by the sample. Each container so filled shall be sealed and shall be marked with the date of sampling, and with sufficient information to identify the sample.

They shall be stored, prior to examination, in such a manner that the temperature of the sample shall not vary unduly from the normal.

AGREED SAMPLE

15. Except where otherwise agreed between the Purchaser and the Vendor, the agreed sample referred to in this specification shall be one and the same sample and shall comply in all respects with the requirements of this specification. The sample shall weigh not less than 1 lb. and shall be packed in the manner described in Clause 14.

APPENDIX A

Method for the Determination of Drying Time

The paint, after complete removal of any surface skin, shall be well mixed by shaking and/or stirring as may be necessary. The mixed paint shall then be brushed out on a clean non-absorbent surface approximately 15 cm. by 15 cm. and exposed in a vertical position in a well-ventilated room at 16°C. to 20°C. The painted surface shall be illuminated by diffused daylight for at least six hours during the drying period. In order to avoid interference through excessive humidity, care shall be taken that throughout the drying process the temperature of the room is above the dewpoint.

APPENDIX B

Fastness to Light

The method, conditions and duration of the exposure test shall be agreed between purchaser and vendor. The following notes are suggestive of a method which may be used.

Direct exposure (that is, glass or other transparent medium not intervening) to bright summer sunlight for 100 hours is usually a sufficiently good test.

In the absence of such sunlight the paint film may be exposed to the standard lamp described below for 80 hours.

The standard lamp shall be an enclosed vertical arc lamp burning solid pure carbons of 13mm. diameter and consuming approximately 13 amperes with a voltage drop across the carbons of 90 to 100 volts. The arc shall be enclosed in a cylindrical globe of clear colourless " Hysil " heat-resisting boro-silicate glass not less than 180 mm. in diameter, and 1·5mm. in thickness.

The paint films to be tested shall be 10 cm. by 5 cm. the portion exposed being approximately 5 cm. by 5cm., the remainder being covered by a metal shield during the exposure. They shall be fixed vertically at a distance of 280 mm. from the arc so that a line drawn from the centre of any paint film to the mean centre of the arc shall make an angle of not more than 15° with the horizontal. The lower carbon must be raised, before 38 mm. has been consumed. The globe shall be cleaned during the exposure at intervals of not more than twelve hours.

APPENDIX C

Method for the Determination of Water

(i)

Apparatus required

(

see fig.

1)

a.

Boiling or extraction flask 250 ml. capacity.

b.

Reflux condenser. Length of jacket 300 mm. but having plain tube lower end.

c.

2 ml. Graduated receiver.

d.

Spray tube 500 mm. long.

e.

Oil bath with suitable heater.

The apparatus shall be assembled according to fig. 1 using tight fitting corks (not rubber stoppers).

Alternatively to the above, similar apparatus complete with standard ground glass joints may be employed, the parts being as follows

f.

Boiling flask 250 ml. capacity, B 34 neck, conforming to B.S. 572 : 1934.

g.

Reflux condenser conforming to B.S. 756 : 1939, fig. 2. Length of jacket 300 mm.

h.

2 ml. graduated receiver conforming to B.S. 756 : 1939, fig. 4, but with B 34 ground glass joint for fitting into, flask, conforming to B.S. 572 : 1934.

j.

Spray tube 500 mm. long, conforming to B.S. 756 : 1939, fig. 3.

k.

Oil bath with suitable heater.

(ii)

Method

: 100 g. of the paint shall be weighed in the flask (see fig. 1), 100 ml. petroleum spirit and 1 ml. dry amyl or ethyl acetate added, and the contents of the flask well mixed. Petroleum spirit shall be poured into the receiver up to the level of the side tube. After connecting the flask to the apparatus, the oil bath, which should contain sufficient heavy mineral oil to cover the flask nearly to the neck, shall be heated to a temperature such as will keep the contents of the flask boiling briskly. Distillation shall be continued until no further water collects in the receiver. At the conclusion of the determination, and before moving the apparatus, any water still clinging to the condenser tube shall be washed down with petroleum spirit by means of the spray tube, which shall be inserted at the top of the condenser, the spray tube being fed from a small reservoir by means of a blowing ball. The condenser shall then be removed, and any further quantities of water on the sides of the receiver shall be rinsed down into the graduated section.

The petroleum spirit used in this test shall have a boiling point between 75°C. and 85°C. The petroleum spirit used can be recovered for further use by distillation.

Note : It is important that the receiver and condenser should be thoroughly clean. They should, therefore, be treated with a mixture of potassium dichromate and sulphuric acid or other suitable cleansing agent prior to use. When the apparatus is in constant use it is usually sufficient to clean it after every third determination.

TABLE 1. PRIMING OIL PAINTS

Paint No.

Description

Paint

Pigment

Solid Content

Turpentine and/or White Spirit and Driers

Varnish and/or Gold Size

Linseed Oil refined, raw or boiled

White or Red Pigment

Tinting Pigment and Extender

per cent.

per cent. max.

per cent. max

per cent.

per cent. min.

per cent.

P.1

Genuine white lead primer for woodwork

70-80

9

Nil

Remainder

White lead 100

Nil

P.2

` White lead ' primer for woodwork

70-80

9

Nil

Remainder

White lead 50

Remainder

P.3

Other primers for woodwork

70-80

9

Nil

Remainder

Lithopone 40,

or

Zinc Oxide 40,

or

Leaded zinc oxide 40.

or

Titanium pigment as TiO

2

P.4

Primer for metal

75 min.

5

5

Remainder

Red lead and/or white lead 75

Remainder

TABLE 2. UNDERCOATING OIL PAINTS

Paint No.

Description

Paint

Pigment

Solid Content

Turpentine and/or White Spirit and Driers

Linseed Oil refined, raw or boiled and/or stand Oil

White Pigment

Tinting Pigment

Extender

per cent.

per cent. max.

per cent.

per cent. min.

per cent.

per cent.

U.1

Genuine white lead undercoating

80-82

9

Remainder

White lead 100

nil

nil

U.2

` White lead ' undercoating

75-80

10

Remainder

White lead 60

nil

Remainder

U.3

White undercoating ; titanium base

70-75

10

Remainder

Titanium pigment as TiO

2

12

nil

Remainder

U.4

Other white undercoating

70-75

10

Remainder

Lithopone, or Zinc oxide, or leaded zinc oxide 50

Remainder

Remainder

U.5

Pale tinted undercoating ; titanium base

70-75

10

Remainder

Titanium pigment as TiO

2

2

Remainder

Remainder

U.6

Green undercoating

70-75

10

Remainder

nil

Pure lead chromate and prussian blue 7·5 min.

Remainder

U.7

Bright red undercoating

70-75

10

Remainder

nil

Pure red toner 6 min.

Remainder

U.8

Dark undercoating

65-70

10

Remainder

White pigment and pure tinting pigment not less than 50, of which white pigment shall be not more than one-tenth.

Remainder

TABLE 3. FINISHING OIL PAINTS

Paint No.

Description

Paint

Pigment

Solid Content

Turpentine and/or White Spirit and Driers

Linseed Oil refined, raw or boiled and/or Stand Oil

White Piment

Tinting Pigment

Extender

per cent.

per cent. max.

per cent.

per cent. min.

per cent.

per cent.

F.1

Genuine white lead finishing paint

75-80

5

Remainder

White lead 100

nil

nil

F.2

White and tinted finishing paints on white lead base

70-80

5

Remainder

White lead 75

Remainder

Remainder

F.3

White and tinted finishing paints on leadless base

65-70

6

Remainder

Lithopone, or zinc oxide 65, or titanium pigment as TiO

2

15

Remainder

Remainder

F.4

Green finishing paint

65-70

6

Remainder

nil

Pure lead chromate and pure prussian blue 10·0 min.

Remainder

F.5

Chrome yellow finishing paint

65-70

6

Remainder

nil

Pure lead chromate 20 min.

Remainder

TABLE 3. FINISHING OIL PAINTS—

contd.

Paint No.

Description

Paint

Pigment

Solid Content

Turpentine and/or White Spirit and Driers

Linseed Oil refined, raw or boiled and/or Stand Oil

White Pigment

Tinting Pigment

Extender

per cent.

per cent. max.

per cent.

per cent. min.

per cent.

per cent.

F.6

Brown finishing paints based on yellow, red, brown, purple and maroon oxides of iron

65-70

6

Remainder

nil

As Fe

2

O

3

25 min.

Remainder

F.7

Bright red finishing paint

65-70

6

Remainder

nil

Pure red toner 7·5 min.

Remainder

F.8

Dark blue finishing paint

75-80

5

Remainder

nil

Pure prussian blue 7·5 min.

Remainder

F.9

Black finishing paint

65-70 min.

8

Remainder

nil

Carbon black 3 min. and drop or bone black 10 min.

Remainder

TABLE 4

Materials

Standards

a. Thinners

Turpentine

I.S. 12 : 1949, Turpentine, types 1 and 2.

White spirit

I.S. 11 : 1949, White spirit.

b. Oils

Linseed oil refined, raw or boiled

I.S. 14 : 1949, Linseed oil.

Tung oil

B.S. 391 : 1936, Tung oil, type F.

c. Extenders

B.S. 255 : 1938, Asbestine for paints.

B.S. 260 : 1938, Barytes for paints.

B.S. 281 : 1938, Blanc fixe for paints.

B.S. 301 : 1938, Silica for paints.

B.S. 926 : 1940, Whiting (paris white).

d. White pigments

White lead

B.S. 239 : 1935, Genuine white lead for paints.

Zinc oxide

B.S. 254 : 1935, Zinc oxide (types 1 and 2) for paints.

Lithopone

B.S. 296 : 1935, Lithopone for paints.

Titanium pigment

B.S. 392 : 1935, Titanium dioxide for paints.

B.S. 636 : 1935, Titanium white for paints (types 1, 2, 3 and 4).

B.S. 1269 : 1945, Titanium pigments for paints, rutile type, antimony or zinc modified for improved resistance to chalking, and titanium white (types 6 and 7).

e. Coloured pigments

Earth colours

B.S. 312 : 1937,Natural sienna (raw and burnt) for paints.

B.S. 313 : 1937,Natural umber (raw and burnt) for paints.

B.S. 337 : 1937,Ochre for paints.

Yellow and Orange Oxides of Iron—red, brown, purple and maroon

B.S. 282 : 1938, Lead chromes for paints.

B.S. 272 : 1936, Natural red oxides of iron for paints (grades A and B)

B.S. 305 : 1936, Manufactured red oxides of iron for paints (excluding venetian red).

Type 1. Indian and turkey reds.

Type 2. Other manufactured oxides.

B.S. 694 : 1936, Blended red oxides of iron for paints.

B.S. 339 : 1937, Purple oxides of iron for paints.

B.S. 370 : 1938, Venetian red for paints.

B.S. 851 : 1939, Chemically prepared oxides and hydrated oxides of iron (marigold, maroon and yellow) pure, and reduced.

TABLE 4—

contd.

Materials.

Standards.

Green

B.S. 303 : 1938, Brunswick or chrome greens (pure, and reduced) for paints.

Blue

B.S. 283 : 1938, Prussian blue for paints.

Red

B.S. 333 : 1938, Red pigment (red lakes, toner or pigment dyestuff) for paints.

Black

B.S. 284 : 1937, Carbon black for paints.

B.S. 285 : 1936, Drop or bone black for paints.

Red lead, non-setting

B.S. 217 : 1936, Red lead for paints.

GIVEN under my Official Seal this 23rd day of December, 1949.

DANIEL MORRISSEY,

Minister for Industry and Commerce.

S.I. No. 154 of 1949.

STANDARD SPECIFICATION (READY MIXED OIL PAINTS) ORDER, 1949.

I, DANIEL MORRISSEY, Minister for Industry and Commerce, in exercise of the power conferred on me by subsection (3) of

section 20

of the

Industrial Research and Standards Act, 1946

, (No. 25 of 1946), hereby order as follows