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Art. 492 Bundesgesetz vom 30. März 1911 betreffend die Ergänzung des Schweizerischen Zivilgesetzbuches (OR)
OR; Zweite Abteilung: Die einzelnen Vertragsverhältnisse; Zwanzigster Titel: Die Bürgschaft; A. Voraussetzungen; I. Begriff
Art. 492 OR
Durch den Bürgschaftsvertrag verpflichtet sich der Bürge gegenüber dem Gläubiger des Hauptschuldners, für die Erfüllung der Schuld einzustehen.
Jede Bürgschaft setzt eine zu Recht bestehende Hauptschuld voraus. Für den Fall, dass die Hauptschuld wirksam werde, kann die Bürgschaft auch für eine künftige oder bedingte Schuld eingegangen werden.
Wer für die Schuld aus einem wegen Irrtums oder Vertragsunfähigkeit für den Hauptschuldner unverbindlichen Vertrag einzustehen erklärt, haftet unter den Voraussetzungen und nach den Grundsätzen des Bürgschaftsrechts, wenn er bei der Eingehung seiner Verpflichtung den Mangel gekannt hat. Dies gilt in gleicher Weise, wenn jemand sich verpflichtet, für die Erfüllung einer für den Hauptschuldner verjährten Schuld einzustehen.
Soweit sich aus dem Gesetz nicht etwas anderes ergibt, kann der Bürge auf die ihm in diesem Titel eingeräumten Rechte nicht zum voraus verzichten.
Gerichtsentscheide zu dieser Bestimmung (36)
C/16811/2022 · ge (art. 492 ss CO)
Appellant's Guarantee Obligation Upheld in Commercial Payment Dispute
These articles concern suretyship (cautionnement), the legal classification of which the appellant argued for, contrasting with the court's finding that the contract was a suretyship agreement (porte-fort).
CACIV.2024.58 · ne (Art. 492 al. 1 CO)
Managing Partners' Joint and Several Debt Assumption and Subsequent Release Claim
Cited when contrasting the suretyship contract with the cumulative assumption of debt.
C/18752/2021 · ge (art. 492 CO)
Owner v. Occupant Lease Validity Dispute
Cited in the reasoning regarding the concept of a guarantee (caution) in relation to the lease agreement.
RT220001 · zh (Art. 492 OR)
Appellate Court Ruling on Provisional Enforcement of Document Classified as Guarantee Versus Suretyship.
The court addressed the nature of the obligation, specifically contrasting it with suretyship (Bürgschaft) regulated by Art. 492 OR, leading to the conclusion that the agreement was not a suretyship.
C/24902/2020 · ge (art. 492 al. 1 CO)
Creditor Debt Enforcement Provisional Lifting Opposition Appeal Decision Upheld
Cited in the context of defining a suretyship contract.
CC 2021 54 · ju (Art. 492 al. 2 CO)
Sub-guarantor's Debt Time-Barred
Cited to explain the accessory nature of a surety's obligation to the principal debt, relevant to the arguments on prescription.
RBOG.2019.Nr.8 · tg (Art. 492 OR)
Affirmation of Rejection of Provisional Enforcement Based on Void Suretyship Lacking Notarization
The court determined the secured obligation was a suretyship under this article, leading to its invalidity due to lack of formal notarization.
RBOG.2019.Nr.08 · tg (Art. 492 OR)
Provisional Enforcement of Debt Acknowledgment and Summary Review of Contractual Distinction
The final decision rests on the assumption that the agreement constitutes a suretyship (Bürgschaft) under this article, leading to its nullity due to lack of public deed.
RBOG.2019.Nr.8 · tg (Art. 492 OR)
Enforcement Proceedings: Summary Review of Contract Interpretation in Debt Collection
The court determined that the contractual commitment should be qualified as a suretyship under this article, which, due to lack of required form, led to the dismissal of the claim for provisional legal remedy.
ML.2018.175 · vd (Art. 492 CO)
Creditor's Provisional Release Granted on Personal Indemnity Guarantee Against Company Default
Cited in the introductory section, this article concerning the security contract (cautionnement) is used by the court to distinguish the obligation from a suretyship.
ML.2018.146 · vd (Art. 492 al. 1 CO)
Appeal Against Provisional Release Based on Debt Acknowledgment Agreement
Cited in the background section while distinguishing the upheld joint and several obligation from a suretyship (cautionnement) contract.
ML.2016.133 · vd (Art. 492 al. 1 CO)
Appeal Regarding Provisional Lifting of Opposition to Payment Order Based on Lease Agreements
This article, concerning the contract of suretyship, was discussed in relation to the appellant's argument that his commitment was a suretyship requiring authentic form, but ultimately rejected as the court found the commitment to be solidary liability.
LB140077 · zh (Art. 492 Abs. 1 OR)
Plaintiff's Abuse of Rights Claim Regarding Invalid Suretyship Dismissed, but Debt Annulled Due to Full Repayment
Defines a suretyship as an agreement where a surety undertakes to the creditor to be liable for the fulfillment of the principal debt.
LB140077 · zh (Art. 492 Abs. 2 OR)
Plaintiff's Abuse of Rights Claim Regarding Invalid Suretyship Dismissed, but Debt Annulled Due to Full Repayment
States that the surety's obligation is accessory to the principal debt.
BVGE-2015-15 (Art. 492 OR)
Guarantor's Obligations: Civil Lawsuit Required, Not Administrative Order
Cited as the general provision for surety contracts in the Swiss Civil Code, relevant as subsidiarily applicable law.