220 ORCO

CH

Art. 38 Bundesgesetz vom 30. März 1911 betreffend die Ergänzung des Schweizerischen Zivilgesetzbuches (OR)

OR; Erste Abteilung: Allgemeine Bestimmungen; Erster Titel: Die Entstehung der Obligationen; Erster Abschnitt: Die Entstehung durch Vertrag; G. Stellvertretung; II. Ohne Ermächtigung; 1. Genehmigung

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Art. 38 OR

Hat jemand, ohne dazu ermächtigt zu sein, als Stellvertreter einen Vertrag abgeschlossen, so wird der Vertretene nur dann Gläubiger oder Schuldner, wenn er den Vertrag genehmigt.

Der andere ist berechtigt, von dem Vertretenen innerhalb einer angemessenen Frist eine Erklärung über die Genehmigung zu verlangen und ist nicht mehr gebunden, wenn der Vertretene nicht binnen dieser Frist die Genehmigung erklärt.

← Art. 37 OR Bundesgesetz vom 30. März 1911 betreffend die Ergänzung des Schweizerischen Zivilgesetzbuches (OR) Art. 39 OR →

Gerichtsentscheide zu dieser Bestimmung (92)

KE 5 2025 · ai (Art. 38 OR)

Insurance Waiver of Statute of Limitations Defense in Time-Barred Tort Claims

The court addressed the possibility of ratification (Genehmigung) of the representative's actions by the represented party.

C/28057/2024 · ge (art. 38 al. 1 CO)

Appeal Regarding Provisional Lifting of Opposition to Payment Order Based on Invoices Lacking Signed Offers

Cited in reasoning regarding the retroactive ratification of acts performed without explicit power of attorney, which influenced the final decision on the merits.

C/7286/2021 · ge (art. 38 CO)

Bank Liability for Unauthorized Asset Manager Transactions Despite Contractual Clauses

Cited regarding ratification of acts done without internal powers.

ZB.2024.23 · bs (Art. 38 Abs. 1 OR)

Tenant Eviction Reversed Due to Revoked Agent Mandates

Cited analogously in the reasoning regarding the retroactive approval of procedural acts by an unauthorized representative.

HG200263 · zh (Art. 38 OR)

Claimant v. Defendant: Mini Future Transaction Dispute and Apparent Authority Ruling

Cited regarding the possibility of ratification, which was found not to have occurred.

C/9506/2021 · ge (art. 38 al. 1 CO)

Apparent Authority of Architect in Fee Negotiation Upheld

Cited in the legal analysis of civil representation concerning ratification of the contract.

B.2023.204 · sg (Art. 38 OR)

Appeal Dismissed for Lack of Procedural Capacity and Invalid Representation

Cited in the reasoning section regarding the validation of an agent's actions by the represented party (posthumous approval).

B.2023.217 · sg (Art. 38 OR)

Dismissal for Lack of Representative Authority and Improper Joinder of Unincorporated Association

Cited in the reasoning section in relation to the retrospective effect of powers of attorney (ratification).

B.2023.217 · sg (Art. 38 OR)

Association Representative's Lack of Standing and Power of Attorney in Administrative Appeal

Cited in the reasoning regarding the possibility of subsequent ratification of the representative's actions, but not in the final orders (1-3).

KK.2021.00037 · zh (Art. 38 Abs. 1 OR)

Insurance Contract Act - Approval Fiction and Statute of Limitations Apply to Policy Exclusion Claims

Requirement of ratification for a contract concluded by an unauthorized representative.

KK.2021.00037 · zh (Art. 38 Abs. 1 OR)

Implied Acceptance of Insurance Coverage Exclusion Upheld

This provision was used to determine that even if the plaintiff's son acted without proper authorization, the insurance contract was deemed approved by the plaintiff due to her knowledge of the policy content and the lack of timely objection.

95----------- · vd (Art. 38 al. 1 CO)

Contract Ratification in Provisional Payment Order Appeal

Cited in the reasoning sections concerning ratification of a contract made without authority, which supported the implicit ratification leading to the rejection of the appeal.

ZSU.2022.275 · ag (Art. 38 OR)

Creditor's Provisional Seizure Upheld Despite Pending Federal Appeal

Cited as the provision allowing for the subsequent approval of actions taken by a representative.

C/13071/2020 · ge (Art. 38 al. 1 CO)

Employment Contract Validity and Subsequent Ratification in Dissolved Collective Company

Cited to explain the principle of ratification for acts performed without proper representation, which was relevant to the validity of the initial dismissal.

C/13362/2019 · ge (art. 38 CO)

Sole Proprietor Liable for Kitchen Furniture Debt Despite Claim of Representation

Cited as a condition under which a representation act binds the represented party (ratification), relevant to the substantive analysis.