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Art. 31 Bundesgesetz vom 30. März 1911 betreffend die Ergänzung des Schweizerischen Zivilgesetzbuches (OR)
OR; Erste Abteilung: Allgemeine Bestimmungen; Erster Titel: Die Entstehung der Obligationen; Erster Abschnitt: Die Entstehung durch Vertrag; F. Mängel des Vertragsabschlusses; IV. Aufhebung des Mangels durch Genehmigung des Vertrages
Art. 31 OR
Wenn der durch Irrtum, Täuschung oder Furcht beeinflusste Teil binnen Jahresfrist weder dem anderen eröffnet, dass er den Vertrag nicht halte, noch eine schon erfolgte Leistung zurückfordert, so gilt der Vertrag als genehmigt.
Die Frist beginnt in den Fällen des Irrtums und der Täuschung mit der Entdeckung, in den Fällen der Furcht mit deren Beseitigung.
Die Genehmigung eines wegen Täuschung oder Furcht unverbindlichen Vertrages schliesst den Anspruch auf Schadenersatz nicht ohne weiteres aus.
Gerichtsentscheide zu dieser Bestimmung (168)
CCC.1998.7547 · ne (Art. 31 al.1 CO)
Insurance Disclosure and Contract Rescission Based on Essential Error
Used to confirm that the defendant respected the one-year deadline for resolving the contract based on error (mistake).
4A_326/2025 (Art. 31 CO)
Declaratory action on assignment of loan claims — inadmissibility due to availability of performance action
Used to address potential grounds for contract invalidity.
C/2965/2021 · ge (Art. 31 al. 1 CO)
Appeal Regarding Purchase Price Payment for Medical Practice Based on Alleged Fraud
Cited in the reasoning regarding the ratification of the contract despite the alleged deceit, which made the timing of the invalidation claim irrelevant.
C/2314/2019 · ge (art. 31 CO)
Lessor v. Lessee: Rent Arrears and Contract Validity
Cited concerning the deadline for declaring contract invalidation due to error or fraud.
HG210167 · zh (Art. 31 Abs. 1 OR)
Plaintiff v. Bank Regarding Unauthorized Account Debits
Used to state the one-year deadline for challenging the instruction due to a vitiated declaration of intent.
HG210167 · zh (Art. 31 Abs. 2 OR)
Plaintiff v. Bank Regarding Unauthorized Account Debits
Used to determine when the one-year period for challenging the instruction due to vitiated declaration of intent begins.
A/2396/2023 · ge (art. 31 al. 1 CO)
Registration Duty Liability on Voidable Real Estate Option Agreement
Cited in the reasoning regarding the ratification of a contract affected by error or dolus.
AC/163/2018 · ge (art. 31 al. 1 CO)
Legal Aid Denial Overturned in Settlement Validity Challenge
Cited in the reasoning section regarding the ratification of a contract tainted by fraudulent misrepresentation if the affected party allows a year to pass without declaring their intent not to maintain it.
HG230134 · zh (Art. 31 OR)
Claimant v. Defendant: Repayment of Advance Due to Mistake of Fact Regarding Importability
Cited in the reasoning to confirm that the challenge to the contract was declared within the required time limit.
ZOR.2023.37 · ag (Art. 31 Abs. 2 OR)
Divorce Judgment Revision Denied Due to Untimely Filing and Lack of Proof
Establishes that the revision period begins when the duress ceases.
HG200190 · zh (Art. 31 OR)
Assignee of Foreign Entity v. Swiss Bank (Loan Conversion, Retrocessions, and AGB Validity)
Cited as the relevant article for contesting a declaration of intent due to error (Willensmangel) by the plaintiff.
Jug.2023.237 · vd (Art. 31 CO)
Policyholder's Fraud and Error Claim Against Pension Insurer Dismissed Due to Adequate Disclosure and Untimely Challenge
The claim for invalidation due to vitiated consent was rejected because the deadline for raising the issue had lapsed according to this article.
2023.02.07.zr.01.rm · bl (Art. 31 Abs. 1 und 2 OR)
Intentional Deception in Eviction Proceedings Upheld on Appeal
Cited in the reasoning as the basis for the appellee challenging the lease agreements within the one-year period due to intentional deception.
400.22.251 · bl (Art. 31 Abs. 1 und 2 OR)
Tenant's False Debt Enforcement Extract Justifies Eviction
These provisions were applied to determine the time limits for challenging the rental agreements as being non-binding due to intentional misrepresentation.
ZK2 2021 29 · gr (Art. 31 Abs. 1 OR)
State Liability for Unrecorded Property Encumbrance and Misinformation
Cited as the legal basis for the consequence of not challenging the contract (ratification by omission), which is central to the final decision not to award damages.