Legislator Jurisprudence & Législation
ATAS/925/2004 • CJ GE ATAS/925/2004 Généré par l'IA

Contract Breach and Timeliness of Accounting Claim in Fiduciary Relationship

Numéro de cause ATAS/925/2004
Autorité / Tribunal
Juridiction Suisse · Canton de Genève (CH-GE)
Date de la décision
Issue du litige Admis (Allowed)
Frais judiciaires à la charge de l'autorité

Synthèse Legislator

Généré par l'IA

A party sued an organization for breach of contract and asserted a claim for an accounting based on a written agreement granting the party an exclusive right to exploit a resource in exchange for fixed payments and a share of the net profits, with the defense asserting that the claim for accounting was time-barred under the applicable statute of limitations because the party was aware of the relevant transactions, which was refuted because the claim for an accounting arises from a fiduciary relationship, which tolls the statute of limitations until the fiduciary duty is repudiated or there is an open disavowal of the relationship, and since the organization did not provide a clear renunciation of its fiduciary obligations, the court held that the cause of action for accounting accrued at the time of the final accounting, not when the initial breach or transaction occurred, thereby affirming the lower court's finding that the claim was timely filed.

Regeste Legislator

Généré par l'IA

Art. 66 al. 1 LTF; Contract Breach and Timeliness of Accounting Claim in Fiduciary Relationship: A party sued an organization for breach of contract and asserted a claim for an accounting based on a written agreement granting the party an exclusive right to exploit a resource in exchange for fixed payments and a share of the net profits, with the defense asserting that the claim for accounting was time-barred under the applicable statute of limitations because the party was aware of the relevant transactions, which was refuted because the claim for an accounting arises from a fiduciary relationship, which tolls the statute of limitations until the fiduciary duty is repudiated or there is an open disavowal of the relationship, and since the organization did not provide a clear renunciation of its fiduciary obligations, the court held that the cause of action for accounting accrued at the time of the final accounting, not when the initial breach or transaction occurred, thereby affirming the lower court's finding that the claim was timely filed.

Mots-clés

Généré par l'IA
contrat fiduciaire manquement au devoir délai de prescription droit au gain cause de la demande dommages-intérêts contractuels

Dispositions légales citées

Généré par l'IA
Généré par l'IA

Questions juridiques clés extraites par Legislator

Généré par l'IA
Art. 66 al. 1 LTF

Cited in the dispositive regarding the distribution of court costs.

Vous souhaitez savoir comment cet arrêt s'applique à votre dossier ?

Analysez cette décision avec la législation fédérale, le droit cantonal, la doctrine et la jurisprudence subséquente dans Legislator AI.

Ouvrir dans Legislator →

Texte complet

               #$%$#&''( #%&)#&''(



 *+ +  * +

,-  .  ! /) 01  &''( 



0! 2222222222 ! ""#$%&'!(  ! ()#'#!(##



! 

33 +  +4*5+ ( #!#' *+,-./



                !"

   410564  

 3

57 "#  8888888888  !#!  !9# '  :# 5+;1 !  #/'  <#  ='/ #  5+6>7   ? '   =# ( @ -  A8888888888 (  #? ( 5  :/#  5++5  B5 :#! 5++>7   99'  5++; >BCB33 = 7 ;2 5B.#  #D=7)!##  &* (+!E 5++,F7< !* # #!99'5++,>;C262= 7E !7

17  (! ( 11 G! 5++, & '  (''  (( (  !!# ( & 4#/#(#!' #((#!H#'!9'E# !(&#!#) 9H /#! -   #!!#  =# ! -  ! (  / =#7

B7 & '  (''  (! ( 16 !E  5++6  (?#. (( (  !!# ( & 4#/#(#!'    I ==!# /   (  /#9#!/#!!: - !(/ =#7

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

;7    ! #! '(##  ( > :#! 1222    8888888888  '  (#9!# #/!L E9# !  /#9# '#(#/!M *(  94 #!#= ; (#!H# B43  !H  34; ! ;4<5 ! E ( &H  ( !* (' #= ! ! E (   !# (  7 &'!! ( !' '!#! :9'

  0,+,01223  4B0564   !!## 7 ! #!! !#!( < !!9#)##) (!#4 ('  7&##!''!#!!: !!(#5 !E 5++6  ( '#('! #'7'(# '#')&#'!#!##!)! !# !)!#!'!#!!#/'   # ! =#7 & '/#!!# #!##(!1H  : ! !  #!# (E! (! > H    :   ! M &!  ( #!##0(E!&! (#!##0(E!0 H    -#( /# B$##)/! ''!#!#=(E (( '!#!#EM&!##!#((?E !((?#'!#!.!!# /#!/  ! (' (H 9(;$97  /H#/#! !#   I #!# (   (! 9! #  #!# - 9?   #M&###(E!=#!(E# ! /#H!    'H ## )  ('!    # '9#    ! '!#!  H#E'7=#!'9!'/#! /# ! !(#. 7  =#'(!#  !(H 9'!#!(!'7

>7   (?#.  ! #! '(##  ( 5+ :# 1225    8888888888  #(#)')&'!!(!'(!#!'!#!!!##  !##H9'7  (#9!# '!#!  #/!L E9#  /#9# ! ! E (   !# (  7 &'!! ( !'  &'!#!  (#=#' ( =@ !E  #&'!#!!#!#&*/#!E (!  #! ! &? ##)7  ! #!!     !#! &(##! !# (&!#('  (& <!(* ?!7! E*H#) '!'  #!'#!' #H 9*H#! #))# !#!(&#!' I!HN !#!)#'!#! # !#/'   #(! /#7

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

67   ! ( 55 ='/ #  122B    T8888888888 '(# # ( & 4#/#(#!'!')&#&*/#!(! E*H#! #)!E (H (*( ( ?)#IH#!& '(! /# 7 /#! 

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

527    #  ( 16 # 122B & '  = ' #!# !  !! ('## '9! )  &? !# ( "  #  /#! ?    !#/#!' (!' -  ##!!# =!# )&- ;2 P7   '9! !!'  / /! !  . #/#(#!' !   &      # ( /7< /#/#(#!' #!'/'->,C,22= 7!  //#/#(#!'-15C1;2= 7)#  '!#!!?(&#/#(#!'( >++ P / ! ( #! -  ! !#.  (&#/#(#!'7   !  :#! -  #!# # ( 8888888888(5+#122B) #! /!#H#  9#  H ## /#!'!'('#('7&'!!(' #=

  0,+,01223  4>0564   (!#!&'!#!'9!': '! (!!#(5>#122B# /#! #=!' ( #(' ##(# 7   (#!#   #  H 9 *H#! #)&##!!& '/#! !#' !#=7 !##! )#!'(! /#(!#!&'/#!?#-;2P7

557   /# '(# ( 1; !E  122B  < /# '(# '9# ( & 4#/#(#!'D#4 .<" 'F#9')&! 5++>!1222 (! E!#)/#!'!'' :!#=# (&##!'( ! /# ( & ' (   =#M (!  !  #  #! / I#& ''!#!!#/'7 &'!#!)&:#!1222)&/#!'!'!' (! E(&H (!*(' #=!)&! #!!#/#!'!' ' #  '(# /#! /' )  # &'!#!  !#7  :#! 1221 ( " ! E(' #=/#!(# 9 S! #!!7 (!#& '/#!! #!' !!(.(' !! E*H#) ( #  #! #(!'# '7 ##' #(V&##!' ( ! /#  #!  I!  !! '!#! !  1222 ! 12257   &9##! (  (& ==!# ( E )# :!#=#S! (& ##!' ( ! /#  9'7  ? ! ( <" ' !   ' )    "   *(  ( ? ! /#! #E!   #9# ( &. *H#  )'    #  ! /#  ' !  !!   ( ' !# =## /'''!)# /#!(& 4#/#(#!'7 !!  . =(&! #( !!#(& 4#/#(#!'& ' '9##!   /(&/'!!(' #=!!'5>#122B )  ! #!! '!#!  '#'7  &9##! (& '!#     ))& )# ' #! /#   ! !#.  ( & 4#/#(#!'7   )#  #! &' !# (  H #  EE! #9  / ( )!  - #? # '!#! ==#! /! (  (   ! /#   !##  (!#/#!''9. 7

517    ! '(# ( 53 /E  122B    "8888888888 *H#!  ! #!!(#9!#)'! E!= (#5++>7&##!'&'/#! -1;P(#53/E 122B!&'!!(!'&'# #!7&##!'( ! /#'!#!(-( ##4'#):! )&- ==!#H*#)!7

5B7    #  ( 13 ='/ #  1223 - &     8888888888  (#9!#)'( /#4E H#9#( #!MQ<%R( #!L!(##!( ! 4'#?  (#9!# (   8888888888  !H'(#!M  H # E## / #/#  H#  9# (#9!#/ ? %K#!? #/ #!#  9/# (5;#122B-!E 122B' !#+!E 122BM!H9# H' W(#  '#!!  EE!  #! /!# H#  9#7  !#! )#  '!#!  '!! (' #= '(! E#  =(  D!#('  F &'!#! ('!E##' '!!(#('( '!#!##(# /9!!# (&9#)(( /#!!#/'"12#122B7'!#!

  0,+,01223  4,0564   !!  ! #!! HN    "8888888888 *H#!  !  !#('  7

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

  0,+,01223  460564   5>7    #  ( 5+ / # 1223 & '    !  !! ('##   #!# !  #! ( (' - &! # (& ! !#.  (&#/#(#!'7   ?#)' )& 5++>   )&# '!#! - & 4HK9 # /#!!  #= !#(H== (!?#)&#/#! '#7 (! '(!-&==#!(&#&/#!(' 9'#?#)!)&#  #! ! /#(#!7/#! ('' #.  (((& 4#/#(#!'5+G!5++,/#!- !7&  /#!(!!#'('#!(#(&? !#-)#/#!'!' # )# # ##!  #!' ( ;2P (  !#/#!' (!' ) ! E!= ( ?&/#!/ (&#/#(#!'!/#!==!'  #( /!!!(&!#/#!'#E-522P7 '!#! #  '9#. !#/# ('(#)#! !#=##!)&# /#!   (   !#/#!' ##!# ( @ ! ) !! !  !#/#!' (!' -  E#   #! I!  ? ' )&- ;2 P7 <    "8888888888!##!)(&#!(/ !*H#)! .  # (&E /!#  ##!' ( ! /# &'/#! - 1; P7 (! ! /#&/#!/ (&? !#7   !&!## '=' ' -&? !#( "  !   -  ##!' ( ! /# ( ;2P7 <   E (   #( //!! .#/#(#!'(9 '(&#/#(#!'&'/#!- >++P)#/ #!( #!- !!#. (&#/#(#!'7

5,7  '/#(56#1223& ! :!(  &! '=' ' -('###!#9###)&?#.((# 7

 *

5"   # 9/#   & 9#!# :(###  DF  '!' (#=#' !  #!#!' (.5 G!122B #E!( #'(; :9(! '#(!!/#4 '#(!;'!!5>:9  D !75!7 !;> F7

<#!-&!#(&'!#(5>:9   #E='('  1, :/#  1223 D O 5B2  52>F   ( # 9/#  (!'  5B ='/ #   (##!# ! #!#   9!  !!!  #E ! (   # ( #'9     - ! # :9 !#!#   ( &!!!(&'!#(/?:9 7

<!!!   (( #!E# #E='(' ( I!(5  :#!1223=# ')(##!#! #!# !#!#!!# !#!'!#!= (  X!( #!='(' D O5B211>F7

17 = '!-C !7;>75!7H71(#9/# & 9#!# :(### DF #E!( #X!#! #)(!!!# '/-& !7;>(#='('   !#9'' 

  0,+,01223  4+0564   (( #!( #(>!E 1222D F)#! !#/- #='('  & 4#/#(#!'(5+:#5+;+D F7

B7  #E('!!! )  #! :!'(= ! ('#'9?! /E-= = '!-& !7>2 7

37  !! '/#9 5 :/# 122B!! X'(#=#!#( E (##!#((#(& 4#/#(#!'7'9#!#  /#9  :)& B5 ('E  1221 (  !!=# ('! #!  &.7  ==! (& .  : # (  '9#!# #E   ( H9!( .9(( #! !)#'!#!/#9  ( '#!# ( &'!! ( =#! )# (#! I!   '#' : #(#)!  )#  ( ') : #(#)D O51;3>,#(75M51>5>>#(73EF=#! ) &! #!' (   ! I!  ' -     (  (  (&  '(  (   ( ( #! (##! !#= '!!   #  ? )#  !  (#! :)& ! (  ('## (##! !#/ #!#9# D O 515  B>>#(75EF7 &!#E)&?(##!# !  '(   *!'!'#! :!'(/! #E('5+/ # 12237(##!#(  !(#!'( ! /#9  B5('E 12217

;7 ? !  ( C !7 3   C#/#(#!' !  (##!# (  #!' ( 9#  ''  !  ( 9 ( ' )# '! (C !!#! -  !' H*#)! /!(C#=# #!'9'#!(C(#(C #(!7

*#( '# ): # (!#(&#/#(#!'( ( #!( #!!#'#)!'(#M!  ') '#) E:!#/ ( &##!' =!# )&# # !(&'/ D O5521,;#(73M52;12,#(71F7 )& #(&#!#/#!'(& '(''#)=!('=!#*# (=(  ('(& ( '(#( V !!! (&'/   #!' ( ! /# ( &#!' ' ( ( !#/#!' #E! ?#9#ED O55;5BB#(71M52;5;6#(75F7

 /#  (9 '(&#/#(#!'&(##! !#D:9&#*   FE#((!)'(#'/!!#(&!  '##! (#/! # = # 7  !SH ( '(# #! -  !   :9!   &'!! ( !' ! - #(#)  ( )   !   ) !#/#!' & ' ! #E ( ! /# 7  !   (' '(# !#!!  ''! !#   ('! #  ) ! /?  !   #E!?#9 (& 'D O51;1>5#(73M55;5B3#(7 1M553B53#(7BM52;5;6#(75F7

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

<  : # ( ( ! E !=  ( ? /! (  !# # ! (#  -  ##!' ( ! /# D O 512  55+ #(710M " 5++>1;>715,7#(7;!>F7!! E ! !(!'9 #(==!#*H#) )? !# *H#! #) !   ## '#  )( # C9#! (       C##!'(! /#)C#!!#E(C! X D<122275>2#(7 3EM I!7(51 1223(!#'-E#!#>6B02B#(717171!   I! #!'F7 ! ! ( (#==#!'  !#.  (  / - '!E#  C?#!(( ##!E:!#/(C '==#!   :!#=#   #/#(#!' D!#.    !#F7   (  ( C? ( ( #! ?  !!# ( C  # C'9!# ( (  (#! I!  =# '   ( E /!# '(# ! - ('=! ( )#   '#!#(( #!? !!#!I!  '(#. =  -C'9#!'(! #!!( 'D I!7 '#!'#(717171F7

  !(C? !#!!!! '(C!!#!*H#)*!/  ( (# 4 ! ( ! E !=  ( ? 4 !  (#!# : #(#) '#  #  !#!     E ==#!   ) C#(!! )C##!!#(#!'(! /# /I! !.  #/#(!D I!7 '#!'#(71717BM #H"* 4  H!E9 #== (  E#!=ZH#9$#! ( # (!9 # (  <N#/ #H 9 !#H=[ ( #$/ 9#H#( /#(#!Z!E9#L' <H==H 0O N <H # D'(7F <H N ( E#!=ZH#9$#! <!7  122B 7 >3 7 ! ! +BF7   ==!   : # (  ! E !=  ( ?  #!! C! X!   .9 9''  

  0,+,01223  4550564   ##!!# ( 9 ( ' (  #!' ( ! /# /! (#  -  #/#(#!'(C !7375 D/#  #!"* 4 7#!77 ,>7'77657F7?!#- ##!(#( V  C!#!# ( '(#  ! E !=  ( ?  #=!! /  ! '/' #!' ) (C #! ( / E:!#=  #  /  (  #!' ( ! /#  !  !#)! 4  ' / (  ( #!#  (C?9' !# D< 122B   5 7 1 #(7 BE0EEM /#  # "* 4  7 #!7 7 6B '7 6, 7F 4  #E! I!  ?#9' ( C '  )C  #! I # !E    #'!' D O 521  5>;M <122571137#(71E! '=' M I!7 '#!'#(71717B!  I!#!'M=7# O51,1+6#(73#=#F7

.   )C CE ( '!!     !#)   (#9!# ( ! E !=  ( ?  ==#!    :!#=#   ( #! - (  !!# (C  # # #E - C? ! *H#!  (  (   9(?(C#(#) -C(##! !#D!:9(#!#9F#! ( )     ' (# (   *H#) )# 4  '9 ( '9! ?  #!.  !#'    : # ( 4 #  !!! (  ! ( 7C9#! #(C'!E# (#. E:!#/#! !(!#!!#*H#)C '!?  !#/#!'  H' (! /#9 '( )C# !D=7 I!7(51 1223(!#'- E#!#>6B02B#(7171737! I!#!'F7

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

  0,+,01223  4510564   (##E!((?!# !. ?#9#E(C == ! ( /!'  / (  !   (  ! (  '#!'9 !# (    ( ! /#  ( H)  #!   ' #=! (C  E#!' *H#! #) (C #!' ! (C ( ' # !! #!   (C!  #!.  '!! !##!#!'!!7  D5F ( ==!#    H #)  (C   (#= C'!(!   # ' '##( ED1F(C !(C#!'9 !##( !!  #=!!# (  /# DBF (C '!! *H#)  #!#'  '/!# #E   !H' !#)  )! #!'! C'H !  #E' !#( ( '!#(=#!*H#)D =#! ## !# '(  (#F  =# D3F ( C'H ( ! #!! E!#   !!##  = ? .9(C !!( ( 'HE##!!#('#!( !#/!# ! ( == ! (     '    !   ==! ( ! E!= ( ?D<122275;;#(71M I!7 '#!' #(71717B#=#M"* 4 7#!77,>7'7627F7

! -   E#(#!' *H#! #) 4# &! (#   ( '!! (' #= ) # ?4# /! I!  )#=#'   !!#! *H#) #('(! ( ! E !=  ( ? #   &#  '/.!I!  E(& '#!#((# '(#(#=!!# D '!#/F(&9!(! ED O (51 1223>6B02B (!#'-E#!#! O E#'(6:#122316102B!16B02BF7

>7  &  (  ! #  ! - &   '(# ! #!!    8888888888 !# )  !#!  '!  #!' !! ( ! /#(!#/#!''9. !!#!!!#! /#( #   /#7

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

  0,+,01223  45B0564   E# '(!#(1;P# !(&'5++6(!-) & ''!#! #/'! ( !!#(& 4HK97

 (    !:#!!!!!#( 8888888888 (#122B)#! /!#H#  9#  H ##  /#! '!' ('#(' ! ) &'!! (' #= (  !#! &'!#! ': 'M  ( #  /#!#=!'(#('##(#  (!!#(5>#122B7.  & ''!#!#/# *H#!  "8888888888)#(#9!#)' ! E!= (#5++>=# (!#-! E(' #=7 <  '(# &##!' (  !#! &'/#! - 1;P (#  53 /E  122B ! &'!! ( !' &'# #!7 !! ##!' '!#! ( - ( ##4'#):! )&-==!#H*#) !7

=# /#'(# '9#(& 4#/#(#!'D#4 .<" 'F  ! E ( &H  ( !* (' #=    :#! 1222  #!  (# X!  #(! # & ' /#!  !! #)'  ! #!!7 < '(# ! #!! #4I ##!  #!' ( ! /# .!(!#/#!'(!'7 )# #!&' !#(H # /(3->#'!#!==#!/!(  ( ! /#  !## (!#/#!''9. 7

,7  &9#! #!! ( ('! #     E (  ''! '(#? #  ! E!= ( ?) '!  !/ ((# (& 4#/#(#!'7

.9(? !( " (!  !/  E!( : # (##)*H#! )#?#'  !!#!) ( #  '! !'!!(' #=#!E##'! #!!7

!  *H#!  ! #!!   ! #  (#9!#)  ! E (' #= # #)!  ! E !=  ( ?7  !# ) &'!! ( !' &'#  ! ) &##!' &'./ - 1;P !7 (#! ##!'!(-( ##4'#):! )&- ==!#H*#)!7

 !   #!.  (   E#(#!' *H#! #) # &! (  &   #7  !    ( &? !# !#(####   H!9 )# /#! ?#' & ' /#! !#' ) (& #! ( / H!9#)   !  !! ! ( ' # =!# (  ( #!'(! /#(&? !#'/#!I! '/'-,2P( !#/#!'(!'7.9('(#'!#! #/'-#)& '  '!#!  #!' ( ;2P  !! ! !! ( ! E *H#! #))##'!'!#'#4(/!/# / 

  0,+,01223  4530564   (  E#(#!' #)&# ! #' ? ! E !=  ( ? *H#! ! #!!(!#!#4I7

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

##  / ( #(' !# )#  '.(! =  ! ( !!  )   (#9!#(! E!= ( ?==#! :!#=# ( #! - (  !!# (&  # ! ) & '  #!   !   #!.  '!E#    O    X!  (#! ! E  *!   !.  #/#(!7  /#! ( (   )   !  '!  #!' ( ! /# !! (  !#/#!' (!' !! ! (  ##!!#=!#7

>7  *    ')! (.   # (  '(  -   # ( / /! !  . #/#(#!' =# ( ('! #   !? (&#/#(#!' (  !7  /#! ( !#   (! ('! #!  (! (   #.  ('## #!#9# ( &  #)  ! & '!' / '7 !! ('## (!

  0,+,01223  45;0564   (&/ # 122B ! &! ( &' 122B )#   ' ( '='    &'/!#( /7

?! (& !7161 HN '!#=(9 '(&#/#(#!'(#! I! ('! #' E(& #( /7  /( ! /# ) &#/#(  #! E!#   ? @! &!#/#!' )& ! #E! !!(  ( #  . ?'!# '/! (   ( '(!!# ! ! ! (& #!!# ')##E ' (  H' ( ! /# !  ' /)&# #!E!# &#&'!#!#/#(7 # ( / &==!  .9 9''   H#== ! # ?!! ) #E!!((? /= !!&/&!  (#=='   !!! (    !? (&#/#(#!'7     V  /  /! I!  H#== ' ?!! # (#/! I!  !#' (& .  ''!  (    !##   . )# &   !    /  ?#!#/##E!7 //!#/#(#!'(#/! I!  ('! #'    ! -  I ! !  (#=#!# (  /!#E(&#= ( #!- ! /:)&! V('##! ((#/!I!  #!D O51+111!516 5,3F7

 !  / /! #/#(#!' # *  # (  '='    )!##    &*  ( + !E  5++, '!E#    A8888888888  (  #? < /!#HK9(&*')  !99' 5++;'.!(&!#/#!'>BCB33= 7;27 5++,# #!99' * >;C262= 7*#( '!# # (5++,-&'122B #(##? !'9 #E(! /# !!?! =#!& -&#(##( #?-!#D'122B [ '=75+;6](#/#' '5++,[ '=75656]U52,,052,,?>;C262U,2C2+5 = 7,2F7

!  #  (&#/#( # =!  '='   ? #  ?) /!  '!( 1221H==!!(!#/#!'#! ''!#!#/(  !   #/' - /#  3C;;, = 7   # D=7 ==# ='('  (  !!#!#) )I!# ! ! (# 1221 5#/()#=#!#3F ! ! ( =#! )   ! ! - I (&?   (  !#! !!#  ! /# (  #   (   /#  !! !#/#!'  !!!&! (#!##4(E!/!##!#((?E ! ((?#.!'(#! #!!7 # E ! !( (#' !#! ! (& H #  ( 32 H  #! (& ( ' HE((#  #=' #  -  *  (  !  #  1225 D( #. ('(##EL'1225H # (! /#HE((# (35, H F!!(#!I!  !'-3,;2= 7,2#!-# (;,C226 = 7 2;7  !! (#! I!  ''/'   &' 122B D' 122B \ '=7

  0,+,01223  45>0564   5+;6](#/#'   ' 1221 \ '=7 5+BB] U 5251+ 0 5251+ ? ;,C226 = 7 2; U ;,C,3;= 7B; F7

(!: # (( O !!(&#/#(E!   'H'!   '(#!  =!# ( IH!    #' -    ( &#/#(    ?  !# ##!!# #' ? H(#-&S9-!##!'-!'9 #( #(': !? (&!#7  &*  !!=#  # (&'   ( ('(!# (#!#!   H(=! ! !#(' !###/#!!K!( '( - '/!#9E(==!(=!   /(&#/#(! ! ( &E ( # ! (   !7  : # ( &(! (('(!#9E' # -1;PD O51>,6#(7;F7

&   !!'5+;1#/#!(;5122B7! E''=# (& ! #!# (&'!E#! ( !*  ! (& ?' #  =#)#<#(#5+6>7<##!!#=!#D ( ! /# ##)!   ! ( H 9 #9#=#!#/  ( ! /#  ## #' '(! /##!##=#?F##)S9:!#=#! E!!!?#(12P7 !!(!! '(!#(12P /  .#/#(#!'&'./-3>C5+>= 7B2D62P(;,C,3;= 7B;F7

 #( /('! #!/!! .#/#(#!'(#!##- !# !?(&#/#(#!'(B32+P)#&/ ( #!- !L D,2C2+5,243>C5+>B2F?522 UB32+P7 ,2C2+5,2  *  # ( #9  ) I #  #E ( ' /#! #)'  '(!# ?# ! #'    O  ( 1;P  (9 ' (&#/#(#!'   #! '/'-B615P!?!: #==#! &! #(& !7

! ! =#& !75,75 & '( #! ! (  /  =# #  #/#(#!' ( '#   !!# #!'( 9#! ## !!/ #EI!  /9 ('  '# ' ( #.  !E7 <! #(' '   ! (= !#(!#'-( ')#!E#  # (   #/#(#!'  . H./! (& = !#  =# ##!#   .  ('E! ( &? # (& !#/#!'  !#/  = !#  'E   #!#     '#   #E!   #!' ( 9# D !7 > 7 5 ( .9!   & 4#/#(#!' ( 5, :/#  5+>5F7  =!   ) &#/#(#!' #! (&  !# 9 /#!'M   : # ( !! (#!# ! ('  ) & ' E#! ( &!#/#!'   ?#9#E  !  = !#  =#   ! ( 9# ( E   ! ( ))12PD O513552#(75E! '=' F7

  0,+,01223  45,0564    &    !  ( ( #! - (   ( !  =# 9 '   ( !#/!# )&# E /#      # (&!#/#!' =#7 (!!!(=#!)&S9'(;5  ! !   '   ?#!   #!' ( ! /#  5;  /! (&!!#( &S9( ! #!# X!)( (& (  =# !#(#)'7

/#( (( /* -& =#)&#('! #  ( !#?(!'  !7

  !)#E!#! !#!9#( ( #!-(('7

  0,+,01223  4560564     <" O<        < <<  <<   <L !

6070   8  900 0  4" /,& +

  70 

57 '    /EM

! 70

17 &(! !#!M

B7 ('##(& (1+/ #122B!5, 1223!!)& =!!! ( !M

37 =#   M

;7 /#(# -& =#)&#('! # ( ! (!'  !M

>7 (& -/    !#(#!'(,22= 7

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

  0,+,01223