Supreme Court dismisses appeal; collective agreement validity requires statutory basis; procedural errors belong to first instance.

The Supreme Court dismissed the cassation appeal filed by Halina P. against the Polish State Railways regarding a severance payment. The plaintiff argued that the collective agreement was invalid and procedural errors occurred in the second instance, but the court ruled that collective agreements must be based on statutory provisions to be valid sources of labor law. Furthermore, the court determined that preliminary case examination and explanatory actions are exclusive powers of the first-instance court, making such procedural complaints inadmissible in cassation. Consequently, the cassation was rejected as unfounded under Article 3931 § 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure.