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ICCJ_232858 AI generated

Accrual date of legal penal interest on civil damages for illicit acts: prejudice date versus judgment date

Case Number ICCJ_232858
Court / Authority
Jurisdiction Romania (RO)
Decision Date
Outcome Allowed / Granted
Open official source Machine-readable Markdown (.md)

Legislator summary

AI generated

The High Court of Cassation and Justice, sitting as the Complete Panel for Recourse in the Interest of Law, granted the recourse filed by the Board of the Bucharest Court of Appeal and issued a binding interpretive ruling. This decision resolved a dispute regarding the calculation of interest in civil liability claims arising from illicit acts, specifically addressing whether legal penal interest on awarded material and/or moral damages accrues from the date of the judgment or the date of the damage. The Court held that, for the unitary interpretation of the Criminal Procedure Code and relevant Civil Code provisions, the reference date for the accrual of legal penal interest in such cases is the date of the production of the prejudice. This interpretation is grounded in Article 19 of the Criminal Procedure Code, read in conjunction with Articles 1381, 1385, 1386, 1523(2)(e), and 1535(1) of the Civil Code, as well as Article 1(3) of Government Order No. 13/2011.

Legislator headnote

AI generated

art. 474 alin. (4) din Codul de procedură penală; Accrual date of legal penal interest on civil damages for illicit acts: prejudice date versus judgment date: This decision resolved a dispute regarding the calculation of interest in civil liability claims arising from illicit acts, specifically addressing whether legal penal interest on awarded material and/or moral damages accrues from the date of the judgment or the date of the damage. The Court held that, for the unitary interpretation of the Criminal Procedure Code and relevant Civil Code provisions, the reference date for the accrual of legal penal interest in such cases is the date of the production of the prejudice. This interpretation is grounded in Article 19 of the Criminal Procedure Code, read in conjunction with Articles 1381, 1385, 1386, 1523(2)(e), and 1535(1) of the Civil Code, as well as Article 1(3) of Government Order No. 13/2011.

Keywords

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civil liability damages accrual of interest code of criminal procedure interpretation of a judgment grounds for cassation interest in bringing an action

Cited Legislation

AI generated
art. 474 alin. (4) din Codul de procedură penală
Procedural basis establishing that the court's interpretive decision is binding.
AI generated
Decizia nr. 566/2022
Legal interest accrual date in tort: from date of illicit act versus judicial confirmation
ICCJ_234603
Accrual date of penalizing legal interest for delictual damages: occurrence of harm versus finality of judgment
Decizia nr. 906/2019
Penal interest accrual date for delayed enforcement of public auction restitution under New Civil Code
Decizia nr. 261/2023
Delictual liability for loss of use: accrual date of default interest from the date of the illicit act rather than judgment
Decizia nr. 40/2025
Exclusion of late-filed appeal grounds regarding non-existence of illicit act in restitution compensation interest claim

Key legal questions extracted by Legislator

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art. 474 alin. (4) din Codul de procedură penală

Procedural basis establishing that the court's interpretive decision is binding.

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Full text

ROMÂNIA

ÎNALTA CURTE DE CASAŢIE ŞI JUSTIŢIE

Completul pentru soluționarea recursului în interesul legii

Minuta deciziei nr. 3 Dosar nr. 2319/1/2025

Şedinţa din 23 februarie 2026

ÎN NUMELE LEGII

DECIDE:

Admite recursul în interesul legii formulat de Colegiul de conducere al Curţii de Apel Bucureşti.

În interpretarea şi aplicarea unitară a dispoziţiilor art. 19 alin. (1) şi alin. (5) din Codul de procedură penală, coroborate cu cele ale art. 1381, art. 1385, art. 1386, art. 1523 alin. (2) lit. e), art. 1535 alin. (1) din Codul civil şi art. 1 alin. (3) din Ordonanţa Guvernului nr. 13/2011 privind dobânda legală remuneratorie şi penalizatoare pentru obligaţii băneşti, precum şi pentru reglementarea unor măsuri financiar-fiscale în domeniul bancar, stabileşte că:

În cazul acordării unor despăgubiri materiale şi/sau morale pentru acoperirea prejudiciului cauzat prin săvârşirea unei fapte ilicite, indiferent dacă este prevăzută sau nu ca infracţiune, data de la care curge dobânda legală penalizatoare aferentă despăgubirilor acordate este data producerii prejudiciului.

Obligatorie, potrivit dispoziţiilor art. 474 alin. (4) din Codul de procedură penală.

Pronunțată în ședință publică astăzi, 23 februarie 2026.