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ICCJ_230225 AI generated

Unity of complex crime when one victim withdraws preliminary complaint: Penal Code Articles 157(2) vs. 158(2)

Case Number ICCJ_230225
Court / Authority
Jurisdiction Romania (RO)
Decision Date
Outcome Allowed / Granted
Open official source Machine-readable Markdown (.md)

Legislator summary

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The High Court of Cassation and Justice upheld the unity of the legal crime under Article 157(2) of the Penal Code, ruling that the withdrawal of a preliminary complaint by one victim does not sever the complex offense when the statutory consequence affects multiple individuals, thereby resolving the legal dispute submitted by the Cluj Appeal Court. The case involved a preliminary ruling request regarding whether the complex criminal offense defined in Article 196(4) of the Penal Code, which caused harm to two persons, retains its status as a single legal unit if one victim withdraws their complaint, challenging the applicability of Article 158(2) versus Article 157(2). The decisive legal basis relied on the statutory interpretation that the complex nature of the offense under Article 196(4) maintains its integrity for the entire set of consequences, ensuring that the act is prosecuted as a single unit under Article 157(2) regardless of individual procedural withdrawals.

Legislator headnote

AI generated

art. 477 alin. (3) din Codul de procedură penală; Unity of complex crime when one victim withdraws preliminary complaint: Penal Code Articles 157(2) vs. 158(2): The case involved a preliminary ruling request regarding whether the complex criminal offense defined in Article 196(4) of the Penal Code, which caused harm to two persons, retains its status as a single legal unit if one victim withdraws their complaint, challenging the applicability of Article 158(2) versus Article 157(2). The decisive legal basis relied on the statutory interpretation that the complex nature of the offense under Article 196(4) maintains its integrity for the entire set of consequences, ensuring that the act is prosecuted as a single unit under Article 157(2) regardless of individual procedural withdrawals.

Keywords

AI generated
withdrawal of criminal complaint crime against individuals victim status legal status unity of the legal order e-justice

Cited Legislation

AI generated
art. 477 alin. (3) din Codul de procedură penală
Procedural basis determining the binding effect and date of entry into force of the decision.
AI generated
Decizia nr. 372/2025
Effect of victim's complaint withdrawal on legal unity of complex negligent bodily injury offense
Decizia nr. 2466/2010
Adultery of joint criminal liability in homicide and sufficiency of co-defendant confessions when one retracts
Sentința nr. 1429/2010
Criminal complaint withdrawal: unilateral act triggering judicial expense liability under Article 192(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure
ICCJ_130100
Notarized renunciation of criminal action as withdrawal of preliminary complaint; penalty reduction for reporting serious crimes under witness protection
Decizia nr. 3239/2003
Rape conviction: whether sequential acts by separate co-defendants without prior agreement constitute aggravated joint offense under Penal Code Art. 197(2)

Key legal questions extracted by Legislator

AI generated
art. 477 alin. (3) din Codul de procedură penală

Procedural basis determining the binding effect and date of entry into force of the decision.

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Full text

R O M Â N I A

ÎNALTA CURTE DE CASAŢIE ŞI JUSTIŢIE

COMPLETUL PENTRU DEZLEGAREA UNOR CHESTIUNI DE DREPT

ÎN MATERIE PENALĂ

Minuta deciziei nr. 372 Dosar nr. 1261/1/2025

Ședința din data de 20 octombrie 2025

ÎN NUMELE LEGII

D E C I D E:

Admite sesizarea formulată de Curtea de Apel Cluj, Secția penală şi de minori, prin care se solicită pronunţarea unei hotărâri prealabile pentru dezlegarea următoarei chestiunii de drept: „Dacă în cazul infracțiunii complexe, prevăzute de art. 196 alin. (4) din Codul penal, când urmarea prevăzută de lege s-a produs asupra a două persoane, iar dacă una dintre persoanele vătămate își retrage plângerea prealabilă se impune menținerea unității legale de infracţiuni, în raport cu art. 157 alin. (2) din Codul penal sau unitatea legală de infracțiuni nu își mai regăsește temeiul legal, în raport cu art. 158 alin. (2) din Codul penal?” şi stabileşte că:

În cazul infracţiunii complexe, prevăzute de art. 196 alin. (4) din Codul penal, când urmarea prevăzută de lege s-a produs asupra a două persoane, iar una dintre persoanele vătămate îşi retrage plângerea prealabilă, se menţine unitatea legală de infracţiune, în raport cu art. 157 alin. (2) din Codul penal.

Obligatorie de la data publicării în Monitorul Oficial al României, Partea I, potrivit art. 477 alin. (3) din Codul de procedură penală.

Pronunţată în şedinţă publică, astăzi, 20 octombrie 2025.