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ICCJ_223233 AI generated

Intertemporal application of domestic violence law to continuous sexual assault exhausting after enactment

Case Number ICCJ_223233
Court / Authority
Jurisdiction Romania (RO)
Decision Date
Outcome Inadmissible
Open official source Machine-readable Markdown (.md)

Legislator summary

AI generated

The High Court of Cassation and Justice dismissed as inadmissible the referral of a legal question by the Oradea Court of Appeal, leaving the lower court’s pending resolution regarding the specific criminal classification undetermined at this instance. The dispute concerned the correct legal qualification of a continuous sexual assault committed by a family member against a victim who turned of age six months prior to the entry into force of Law No. 217/2023 on domestic violence, specifically whether the offense should be classified under the general provision for rape in the Penal Code or the specific provision for rape against a minor, given that the criminal act was exhausted immediately after the new law’s effective date. The decisive procedural basis for the refusal to address the substantive conflict between the applicable penal norms and the retroactivity or intertemporal application of Law No. 217/2023 was the court’s finding that the referral did not meet the admissibility requirements under Article 477(3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure.

Legislator headnote

AI generated

art. 477 alin. (3) din Codul de procedură penală; Intertemporal application of domestic violence law to continuous sexual assault exhausting after enactment: The dispute concerned the correct legal qualification of a continuous sexual assault committed by a family member against a victim who turned of age six months prior to the entry into force of Law No. 217/2023 on domestic violence, specifically whether the offense should be classified under the general provision for rape in the Penal Code or the specific provision for rape against a minor, given that the criminal act was exhausted immediately after the new law’s effective date. The decisive procedural basis for the refusal to address the substantive conflict between the applicable penal norms and the retroactivity or intertemporal application of Law No. 217/2023 was the court’s finding that the referral did not meet the admissibility requirements under Article 477(3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure.

Keywords

AI generated
domestic violence sexual assault code of criminal procedure effective date retroactivity of a law entry into force

Cited Legislation

AI generated
art. 477 alin. (3) din Codul de procedură penală
Procedural provision determining the binding effect of the decision from the date of publication in the Official Gazette.
AI generated
Decizia nr. 78/2025
Reference question inadmissible for seeking concrete legal qualification rather than abstract interpretation of Law No. 217/2023 regarding continued sexual offenses spanning victim's majority
Decizia nr. 57/RC/2019
Domestic violence conviction upheld in cassation; sentence-individualization challenge inadmissible.
ICCJ_175518
Preliminary ruling referral on continuous-offense sentencing questions inadmissible
Decizia nr. 63/2023
Domestic violence protection order revocation questions held inadmissible for lack of novelty.
Decizia nr. 977/2004
Concurrent classification of forced sexual assault against a family member as aggravated rape and incest under the Romanian Penal Code

Key legal questions extracted by Legislator

AI generated
art. 477 alin. (3) din Codul de procedură penală

Procedural provision determining the binding effect of the decision from the date of publication in the Official Gazette.

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Full text

R O M Â N I A

ÎNALTA CURTE DE CASAŢIE ŞI JUSTIŢIE

COMPLETUL PENTRU DEZLEGAREA UNOR CHESTIUNI DE DREPT

ÎN MATERIE PENALĂ

Minuta deciziei nr. 78 Dosar nr. 60/1/2025

Ședința din data de 3 martie 2025

ÎN NUMELE LEGII

D E C I D E:

Respinge, ca inadmisibilă, sesizarea formulată de Curtea de Apel Oradea - Secția penală şi pentru cauze cu minori, prin încheierea de ședință din data de 16 decembrie 2024, pronunțată în dosarul nr. 753/218/2024, prin care solicită pronunțarea unei hotărâri prealabile cu privire la următoarea chestiune de drept:

„Care este încadrarea juridică pentru infracţiunea de viol comisă de către un membru de familie asupra minorei (tatăl asupra fiicei), prin acte cu caracter continuat de natură sexuală prin constrângere sau profitând de vulnerabilitatea ori dependența acesteia care, înainte cu cca. 6 luni de intrarea în vigoare a Legii nr. 217/2023, a devenit majoră, iar infracţiunea s-a epuizat imediat după intrarea în vigoare a Legii nr. 217/2023 pentru prevenirea și combaterea violenței domestice, și anume la data 9 ianuarie 2024, respectiv sunt aplicabile fie dispozițiile prevăzute de art. 218 alin. (1), (3) lit. a) și b) și (32) lit. d) din Codul penal privind infracţiunea de viol, cu aplicarea art. 35 alin. (1) din Codul penal, fie dispozițiile prevăzute de art. 2181 alin. (2) şi (4) lit. a) și b) din Cod penal privind infracţiunea de viol săvârșit asupra unui minor, cu aplicarea art. 35 alin. (1) din Codul penal?”

Obligatorie de la data publicării în Monitorul Oficial al României, Partea I-a, potrivit art. 477 alin. (3) din Codul de procedură penală.

Pronunţată în şedinţă publică, astăzi, 3 martie 2025.