Court confirms that negotiable instrument obligations arise only upon maturity, not issuance, and protest is not required for action against acceptor.

The Tribunal da Relação de Lisboa confirmed the lower court's decision regarding a negotiable instrument dispute. The plaintiff argued for immediate liability upon issuance, while the defendant contended that obligations only arise at maturity and that protest was unnecessary. The court ruled that the obligation to pay originates solely when the instrument's essential elements, including the maturity date, are fulfilled, and that an action against the acceptor does not depend on prior protest.